TOPIC 1 DQ1
What is the difference between research and evidence-based practice (EBP) projects?
Provide an example of each one and the reason for the difference. Why should health care
workers be interested in learning about EBP?
Research entails a systematic and scientific investigation that aims at answering specific research
questions through disciplined and precise methods. Its primary purpose is to either produce new
knowledge or rather authenticate one already in existence (Keele, 2011). A good example for
instance in a nursing setting is whereby a research is conducted through control to determine new
and appropriate wound care methods thus bearing the uniqueness in that it aims at the
establishment of a proper and a new way of wound care and treatment.
Evidence based practice, unlike research, mainly involves translation of evidence and subsequent
application to quantifiable decision making. A good and appropriate example is infection control
that distinguishes EBP apparently from research primarily because of the availability of existing
evidence that eventually enhances the given infection at hand control through individual
decisions made. The determination of Evidence Based Practice is to use the greatest evidence
accessible to create patient-care conclusions. Most of the finest evidence stalks from research.
However, Evidence Based Practice goes outside research use and contains clinical capability in
addition to patient inclinations and standards (Stevens, 2013).
Healthcare professionals ought to get some interest when it comes to evidence based practice
mainly because of its fundamental relevance in that, it uses the best evidence available especially
in the making of patient care decisions even though most of this evidence often drawn from
research. Nevertheless, EBP goes past simple research in that it specializes in patients’ values
and preferences as well as well involved in the attainment of clinical expertise.
Keele, R. (2011). Nursing Research and Evidence-Based Practice: Ten Steps to Success.
Sudbury, MA; Jones & Bartlett Learning.
Stevens, K., (2013). The Impact of Evidence-Based Practice in Nursing and the Next Big Ideas.
The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing Vol. 18, No. 2, Manuscript 4. DOI:
10.3912/OJIN.Vol18No02Man04
TOPIC 1 DQ2
Many businesses/organizations have performance problems that can be reevaluated to
improve performance. Explain Research Problem and Problem Statement.
A research problem is a more narrowly defined issue that represents only one aspect of the
research topic. A research problem may be defined as an area of concern, a gap in the existing
knowledge, or a deviation in the norm or standard that points to the need for further
understanding and investigation. Although many problems turn out to have several solutions,
difficulties arise where such means are either not obvious or are not immediately available. This
then necessitates some research to reach a viable solution (McGaghie et al., 2001). Often at
times, one may find a research problem from an area of concern, an unresolved controversy, a
,condition that requires improvement or a question that may have been left unanswered in a
scholarly literature requiring investigations. The research problem requires an awareness of
current issues in the subject and an inquisitive and investigative mind. A research problem does
not state how to do something, offer a vague or broad proposition, or present a value question.
The research problem gives birth to the problem statement. A problem statement is a clear
description of the problem that is under investigation. It expresses the words that will be used to
keep the effort focused and normally triggers the 5’Ws of Who, What, When, Where and Why.
The purpose of the problem statement is to introduce the reader to the importance of the topic
being investigated. The problem statement also places the problem into a context that defines the
parameters of what is to be investigated. It also provides the framework for reporting the results
and indicates what is probably necessary to conduct the study and explain how the findings will
present the information (Glatthom & Joyner, 2005).
Glatthom, A.A., & Joyner, R.L. (2005). Writing the winning thesis or dissertation: A step-by-step
guide. Thousand Oaks, CA. Corwin Press Publications
McGaghie, W. C., Bordage, G., & Shea, J.A. (2001). Problem statement, Conceptual framework
and Research question. Journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges. 76(9):923-924.
TOPIC 2 DQ1
What strategies will you use in your new role in health care to review and critique literature
pertinent to your practice?
Healthcare professionals employ literature to answer questions about their practice, solve
problems, improve the quality of patient care, generate new research questions, and shape health
policy. Healthcare managers who confront questions about practice and policy need strong, high-
quality, literature from evidence-based research. Adopting the strategy of reviewing and
critiquing literature must be done in such a way to determine whether the literature is relevant,
valid, reliable and applicable to answering the questions pertinent to your practice. All literature
reviews and critique consist of a collection and synthesis of what has been published on the key
concepts of interest in a specific population (). Consequently, my first strategy is to read the
literature carefully and check its source. The source must be credible and recognized. All this is
to analyze the validity of the literature. That is, whether the content is as close to the truth as
possible. Credibility and reliability variables concentrate on how believable the literature appears
and focus on ability to undertake and accurately present the study. Also, examining the
applicability of the literature to my field of practice is an important strategy when reviewing and
critiquing literature. Literature must be current and applicable to one’s practice. A systematic
approach to reading and critiquing a literature serves as a foundation for translating evidence into
practice and policy. In the end, the literature must serve the purpose of providing evidence that
can help solve the problem identified. Therefore, it is also important to narrow the literature
search using the PICOT format. The PICOT format is a helpful approach for summarizing
research questions which are mostly answered by reviewing literature. Reviewing and critiquing
literature using PICOT helps you not to chase questions that are already answered. Reviewing
literature helps you to become conscious of what is known about a phenomenon and therefore
what is unknown about the phenomenon ().
, Garrard, J. (2017). Health sciences literature review made easy: The matrix method (5th ed.).
Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.
TOPIC 2 DQ2
"Nobody likes change" is a frequent comment but creating a culture that allows for new ways of
knowing takes a unique set of leadership skills. As a leader, how would you create a culture of
change?
Change is a good thing. Whether it is bad or good it can sometimes benefit a situation. When it
comes to change, a leader must realize that their opinion is not the only one that matter now.
Leaders have followers who need to play a part in the transformational plan in order for the
organization to grow. That is why it is imperative for all leaders to create a culture of change.
One way to create this culture is to ensure everyone is on the same track, by providing
information and date in advance. As mentioned above, “Nobody like change,” is a statement that
is fair true throughout the world. So how can one get people more willing to accept it? An
educated guess will be to put yourself in their shoes. What this means is that a leader must go
through the struggle alongside those people who are affected by the issues. This is simply how
one builds that culture of change. In situations like this, another important thing to realize is that
there is no being in between. A leader must take a stance and commit to is which too plays a part
in the creation of a culture of change. With change the focus should be on the individual who
may be impacted from it the most. According to Rose, et al (2006), there are five C’s of culture
change that I would harness to create a culture of change which are as follows.
Comprehension: Understanding the problem
Compassion: Spirituality and Commitment
Collaboration: Between Subcultures and Care Providers
Coordination: Systems/Systemic Processes and Ideation
Convergence: Migration of Culture Toward Best Safe Practice” (p. 435-441).
With all of these five components, it is imperative to understand how to incorporate them into an
operational plan. One way to do so is to provide a system of surveys.
Reference:
Prosci. (2016). What is Change Management. Retrieved from https://www.prosci.com/change-
management/what-is-change-management on April 4, 2016
Rose, J.S., et al. (2006). A Leadership Framework for Culture Change in Health Care. Joint
Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations. Vol. 32:8. Retrieved from
http://www.ascensionhealth.org/assets/docs/JCAHO_A_Leadership_Framework_for_Culture_Ch
ange_in_Health_Care.pdf on April 4, 2016.
What is the difference between research and evidence-based practice (EBP) projects?
Provide an example of each one and the reason for the difference. Why should health care
workers be interested in learning about EBP?
Research entails a systematic and scientific investigation that aims at answering specific research
questions through disciplined and precise methods. Its primary purpose is to either produce new
knowledge or rather authenticate one already in existence (Keele, 2011). A good example for
instance in a nursing setting is whereby a research is conducted through control to determine new
and appropriate wound care methods thus bearing the uniqueness in that it aims at the
establishment of a proper and a new way of wound care and treatment.
Evidence based practice, unlike research, mainly involves translation of evidence and subsequent
application to quantifiable decision making. A good and appropriate example is infection control
that distinguishes EBP apparently from research primarily because of the availability of existing
evidence that eventually enhances the given infection at hand control through individual
decisions made. The determination of Evidence Based Practice is to use the greatest evidence
accessible to create patient-care conclusions. Most of the finest evidence stalks from research.
However, Evidence Based Practice goes outside research use and contains clinical capability in
addition to patient inclinations and standards (Stevens, 2013).
Healthcare professionals ought to get some interest when it comes to evidence based practice
mainly because of its fundamental relevance in that, it uses the best evidence available especially
in the making of patient care decisions even though most of this evidence often drawn from
research. Nevertheless, EBP goes past simple research in that it specializes in patients’ values
and preferences as well as well involved in the attainment of clinical expertise.
Keele, R. (2011). Nursing Research and Evidence-Based Practice: Ten Steps to Success.
Sudbury, MA; Jones & Bartlett Learning.
Stevens, K., (2013). The Impact of Evidence-Based Practice in Nursing and the Next Big Ideas.
The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing Vol. 18, No. 2, Manuscript 4. DOI:
10.3912/OJIN.Vol18No02Man04
TOPIC 1 DQ2
Many businesses/organizations have performance problems that can be reevaluated to
improve performance. Explain Research Problem and Problem Statement.
A research problem is a more narrowly defined issue that represents only one aspect of the
research topic. A research problem may be defined as an area of concern, a gap in the existing
knowledge, or a deviation in the norm or standard that points to the need for further
understanding and investigation. Although many problems turn out to have several solutions,
difficulties arise where such means are either not obvious or are not immediately available. This
then necessitates some research to reach a viable solution (McGaghie et al., 2001). Often at
times, one may find a research problem from an area of concern, an unresolved controversy, a
,condition that requires improvement or a question that may have been left unanswered in a
scholarly literature requiring investigations. The research problem requires an awareness of
current issues in the subject and an inquisitive and investigative mind. A research problem does
not state how to do something, offer a vague or broad proposition, or present a value question.
The research problem gives birth to the problem statement. A problem statement is a clear
description of the problem that is under investigation. It expresses the words that will be used to
keep the effort focused and normally triggers the 5’Ws of Who, What, When, Where and Why.
The purpose of the problem statement is to introduce the reader to the importance of the topic
being investigated. The problem statement also places the problem into a context that defines the
parameters of what is to be investigated. It also provides the framework for reporting the results
and indicates what is probably necessary to conduct the study and explain how the findings will
present the information (Glatthom & Joyner, 2005).
Glatthom, A.A., & Joyner, R.L. (2005). Writing the winning thesis or dissertation: A step-by-step
guide. Thousand Oaks, CA. Corwin Press Publications
McGaghie, W. C., Bordage, G., & Shea, J.A. (2001). Problem statement, Conceptual framework
and Research question. Journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges. 76(9):923-924.
TOPIC 2 DQ1
What strategies will you use in your new role in health care to review and critique literature
pertinent to your practice?
Healthcare professionals employ literature to answer questions about their practice, solve
problems, improve the quality of patient care, generate new research questions, and shape health
policy. Healthcare managers who confront questions about practice and policy need strong, high-
quality, literature from evidence-based research. Adopting the strategy of reviewing and
critiquing literature must be done in such a way to determine whether the literature is relevant,
valid, reliable and applicable to answering the questions pertinent to your practice. All literature
reviews and critique consist of a collection and synthesis of what has been published on the key
concepts of interest in a specific population (). Consequently, my first strategy is to read the
literature carefully and check its source. The source must be credible and recognized. All this is
to analyze the validity of the literature. That is, whether the content is as close to the truth as
possible. Credibility and reliability variables concentrate on how believable the literature appears
and focus on ability to undertake and accurately present the study. Also, examining the
applicability of the literature to my field of practice is an important strategy when reviewing and
critiquing literature. Literature must be current and applicable to one’s practice. A systematic
approach to reading and critiquing a literature serves as a foundation for translating evidence into
practice and policy. In the end, the literature must serve the purpose of providing evidence that
can help solve the problem identified. Therefore, it is also important to narrow the literature
search using the PICOT format. The PICOT format is a helpful approach for summarizing
research questions which are mostly answered by reviewing literature. Reviewing and critiquing
literature using PICOT helps you not to chase questions that are already answered. Reviewing
literature helps you to become conscious of what is known about a phenomenon and therefore
what is unknown about the phenomenon ().
, Garrard, J. (2017). Health sciences literature review made easy: The matrix method (5th ed.).
Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.
TOPIC 2 DQ2
"Nobody likes change" is a frequent comment but creating a culture that allows for new ways of
knowing takes a unique set of leadership skills. As a leader, how would you create a culture of
change?
Change is a good thing. Whether it is bad or good it can sometimes benefit a situation. When it
comes to change, a leader must realize that their opinion is not the only one that matter now.
Leaders have followers who need to play a part in the transformational plan in order for the
organization to grow. That is why it is imperative for all leaders to create a culture of change.
One way to create this culture is to ensure everyone is on the same track, by providing
information and date in advance. As mentioned above, “Nobody like change,” is a statement that
is fair true throughout the world. So how can one get people more willing to accept it? An
educated guess will be to put yourself in their shoes. What this means is that a leader must go
through the struggle alongside those people who are affected by the issues. This is simply how
one builds that culture of change. In situations like this, another important thing to realize is that
there is no being in between. A leader must take a stance and commit to is which too plays a part
in the creation of a culture of change. With change the focus should be on the individual who
may be impacted from it the most. According to Rose, et al (2006), there are five C’s of culture
change that I would harness to create a culture of change which are as follows.
Comprehension: Understanding the problem
Compassion: Spirituality and Commitment
Collaboration: Between Subcultures and Care Providers
Coordination: Systems/Systemic Processes and Ideation
Convergence: Migration of Culture Toward Best Safe Practice” (p. 435-441).
With all of these five components, it is imperative to understand how to incorporate them into an
operational plan. One way to do so is to provide a system of surveys.
Reference:
Prosci. (2016). What is Change Management. Retrieved from https://www.prosci.com/change-
management/what-is-change-management on April 4, 2016
Rose, J.S., et al. (2006). A Leadership Framework for Culture Change in Health Care. Joint
Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations. Vol. 32:8. Retrieved from
http://www.ascensionhealth.org/assets/docs/JCAHO_A_Leadership_Framework_for_Culture_Ch
ange_in_Health_Care.pdf on April 4, 2016.
