ACT Science Questions and Answers | GRADED A
Independent Variable Correct Answer: The variable that the scientist changes.
(For example, if you are changing fertilizer brands to see which causes the most
plant growth, the independent variable is the fertilizer brand.)
Dependent Variable Correct Answer: the effect of the independent variable (For
example, if you are changing fertilizer brands to see which causes the most plant
growth, the dependent variable is the plant growth)
Control Group Correct Answer: the group that does not receive the independent
variable.
Constant Correct Answer: A factor that stays the same across all test subjects and
throughout the duration of the experiment
positive correlation Correct Answer: when two variables increase together or
decrease together
negative correlation Correct Answer: when two variables change in opposite
directions (one increases, the other decreases)
pH range of acids Correct Answer: 0-7 (7 is neutral)
pH range of bases (also called alkaline solutions) Correct Answer: 7-14 (7 is
neutral)
What reactants go into photosynthesis? Correct Answer: Carbon dioxide, water,
and sunlight
What does photosynthesis produce? Correct Answer: glucose and oxygen
What is the equation for photosynthesis? Correct Answer: 6CO2 + 6H20 +
sunlight --> C6H12O6 + 6O2
What subatomic particles comprise the atomic nucleus? Correct Answer: protons
and neutrons
, What are the charges of protons, neutrons, and electrons? Correct Answer: Protons
are positive, neutrons are neutral, and electrons are negative
What is the general principle of gravity? Correct Answer: Smaller objects are
attracted to larger objects
Allele Correct Answer: different versions of a gene
Dominant traits Correct Answer: Traits that are expressed whenever their alleles
are present
Recessive traits Correct Answer: traits that typically do not show in a person
unless both genes for the trait are inherited (homozygous)
Heterozygous Correct Answer: An organism that has two different alleles for a
trait
Homozygous Correct Answer: An organism that has two identical alleles for a
trait
Genotype Correct Answer: An organism's genetic makeup, or allele combinations.
Phenotype Correct Answer: The physical characteristics of an organism (the
physical result of the genotype. for example, brown hair)
Trait Correct Answer: A physical characteristic
How many millimeters are in a meter? Correct Answer: 1000 millimeters
Amoeba Correct Answer: a unicellular organism with a nucleus
Law of Conservation of Mass Correct Answer: Matter is neither created nor
destroyed
kinetic energy Correct Answer: the energy an object has due to its motion
potential energy Correct Answer: stored energy
catalyst Correct Answer: substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction
Independent Variable Correct Answer: The variable that the scientist changes.
(For example, if you are changing fertilizer brands to see which causes the most
plant growth, the independent variable is the fertilizer brand.)
Dependent Variable Correct Answer: the effect of the independent variable (For
example, if you are changing fertilizer brands to see which causes the most plant
growth, the dependent variable is the plant growth)
Control Group Correct Answer: the group that does not receive the independent
variable.
Constant Correct Answer: A factor that stays the same across all test subjects and
throughout the duration of the experiment
positive correlation Correct Answer: when two variables increase together or
decrease together
negative correlation Correct Answer: when two variables change in opposite
directions (one increases, the other decreases)
pH range of acids Correct Answer: 0-7 (7 is neutral)
pH range of bases (also called alkaline solutions) Correct Answer: 7-14 (7 is
neutral)
What reactants go into photosynthesis? Correct Answer: Carbon dioxide, water,
and sunlight
What does photosynthesis produce? Correct Answer: glucose and oxygen
What is the equation for photosynthesis? Correct Answer: 6CO2 + 6H20 +
sunlight --> C6H12O6 + 6O2
What subatomic particles comprise the atomic nucleus? Correct Answer: protons
and neutrons
, What are the charges of protons, neutrons, and electrons? Correct Answer: Protons
are positive, neutrons are neutral, and electrons are negative
What is the general principle of gravity? Correct Answer: Smaller objects are
attracted to larger objects
Allele Correct Answer: different versions of a gene
Dominant traits Correct Answer: Traits that are expressed whenever their alleles
are present
Recessive traits Correct Answer: traits that typically do not show in a person
unless both genes for the trait are inherited (homozygous)
Heterozygous Correct Answer: An organism that has two different alleles for a
trait
Homozygous Correct Answer: An organism that has two identical alleles for a
trait
Genotype Correct Answer: An organism's genetic makeup, or allele combinations.
Phenotype Correct Answer: The physical characteristics of an organism (the
physical result of the genotype. for example, brown hair)
Trait Correct Answer: A physical characteristic
How many millimeters are in a meter? Correct Answer: 1000 millimeters
Amoeba Correct Answer: a unicellular organism with a nucleus
Law of Conservation of Mass Correct Answer: Matter is neither created nor
destroyed
kinetic energy Correct Answer: the energy an object has due to its motion
potential energy Correct Answer: stored energy
catalyst Correct Answer: substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction
