College Biology 1 Final Exam
2022
General differences between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells are? ANS:- Eukaryotic
cells have membrane bound organelles, prokaryotic cells generally do not.
Beta cells are cells in the human pancreas whose primary function is to produce and
secrete the protein hormone insulin. A beta cell would contain? ANS:- An active
Golgi apparatus.
What is a reasonable explanation for why unsaturated fatty acids keep biological
membranes fluid at lower temperatures? ANS:- Unsaturated fatty acids have kinks in
their tails, preventing tight packing of adjacent lipids.
What is not found in chloroplasts? ANS:- Thylakoids, DNA, Ribosomes and an
electron transport proteins.
What is found in plant cells, but not in animal cells? ANS:- Central vacuole.
In a plant cell DNA is found where? ANS:- In the nucleus, mitochondria, and
chloroplasts.
What central structures grows out to the centrosome, and provides compression
resistance for the cell? ANS:- Microtubules.
What cellular structures interact with myosin motor proteins to produce contraction in
human skeletal muscles? ANS:- Microfilaments.
What molecules would you expect to move most quickly through the plasma
membrane via passive diffusion (directly through the phospholipid bilayer)? ANS:-
Oxygen (O₂)
What structures would most likely be associated with the cell-cell junction between a
nerve cell and a muscle cell? ANS:- Gap junction.
White blood cells engulf bacteria through what process? ANS:- Phagocytosis.
What functions are not associated with membrane proteins? ANS:- Signal
transduction, Enzymatic activity, Transport, and Phosphorilation of ADP to ATP.
What is always true of a chemical reaction with a negative delta G? ANS:- The
reaction is spontaneous.
What is not true of the citric acid cycle? ANS:- 3 NADH are produced per pyruvate, 1
FADH₂is produced per pyruvate and 1 ATP is produced per pyruvate.
, What is true of Glycolysis, assuming 1 glucose as the starting carbohydrate? ANS:-
Two 3-carbon sugars are produced by this process.
What processes produce(es) ATP by substrate level phosphorylation? ANS:-
Glycolysis.
What would be expected to up-regulate (activate) phosphofructokinase activity?
ANS:- High AMP concentration.
Use the following chemical reaction for this question and the next. CH₄+ o₂---> CO₂+
H₂O
Which of the molecules acts as the reducing agent in the above reaction? ANS:- CH₄
Which of the molecules acts as the oxidizing agent in the above reaction? ANS:- O₂
What is not a direct product of the light reactions of photosynthesis? ANS:- Glucose
T/F...Placing an animal cell in a hypertonic saline solution may result in cell lysis (cell
rupture). ANS:- False.
T/F...Spontaneous processes increase the entropy of the universe. ANS:- True.
T/F...The diffusion of dye molecules when a drop of dye is dropped into a flask of
water is an endergonic process. ANS:- False.
Facilitated diffusion of molecules through protein channels is a type of active
transport. ANS:- False.
T/F...Proteins that function in the cytosol are generally made at free ribosomes.
ANS:- True.
T/F...A Glycolipid consists of a protein covalently bound to a lipid. ANS:- False.
T/F...Spontaneous reactions always proceed toward equilibrium. ANS:- True.
T/F...Hydrolyisis of ATP to ADP + P₁ os am exergonic process. ANS:- True.
T/F...Pyruvate dehydrogensase, an essential enzyme in the production of acetyl CoA
from pyruvate, requires Mg+ ions. Her, Mg+ ions acts as cofactors. ANS:- True.
T/F...Pyruvate oxidation to acetyl CoA yields 2 FADH₂ per pyruvate. ANS:- False.
Overall, cellular respiration is an anabolic process. ANS:- False.
What is the overall balanced chemical equation for photosynthesis in plants? Use
glucose as the sugar. ANS:- Energy + 6CO₂+ 6H₂O----->C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂
Carbon fixation is the first step in ____. Carbon fixation is catalyzed by the
enzyme_____, which incorporates carbon from the molecule_____ into organic
molecules. The organic molecules are then (reduced or oxidized)______to produce
2022
General differences between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells are? ANS:- Eukaryotic
cells have membrane bound organelles, prokaryotic cells generally do not.
Beta cells are cells in the human pancreas whose primary function is to produce and
secrete the protein hormone insulin. A beta cell would contain? ANS:- An active
Golgi apparatus.
What is a reasonable explanation for why unsaturated fatty acids keep biological
membranes fluid at lower temperatures? ANS:- Unsaturated fatty acids have kinks in
their tails, preventing tight packing of adjacent lipids.
What is not found in chloroplasts? ANS:- Thylakoids, DNA, Ribosomes and an
electron transport proteins.
What is found in plant cells, but not in animal cells? ANS:- Central vacuole.
In a plant cell DNA is found where? ANS:- In the nucleus, mitochondria, and
chloroplasts.
What central structures grows out to the centrosome, and provides compression
resistance for the cell? ANS:- Microtubules.
What cellular structures interact with myosin motor proteins to produce contraction in
human skeletal muscles? ANS:- Microfilaments.
What molecules would you expect to move most quickly through the plasma
membrane via passive diffusion (directly through the phospholipid bilayer)? ANS:-
Oxygen (O₂)
What structures would most likely be associated with the cell-cell junction between a
nerve cell and a muscle cell? ANS:- Gap junction.
White blood cells engulf bacteria through what process? ANS:- Phagocytosis.
What functions are not associated with membrane proteins? ANS:- Signal
transduction, Enzymatic activity, Transport, and Phosphorilation of ADP to ATP.
What is always true of a chemical reaction with a negative delta G? ANS:- The
reaction is spontaneous.
What is not true of the citric acid cycle? ANS:- 3 NADH are produced per pyruvate, 1
FADH₂is produced per pyruvate and 1 ATP is produced per pyruvate.
, What is true of Glycolysis, assuming 1 glucose as the starting carbohydrate? ANS:-
Two 3-carbon sugars are produced by this process.
What processes produce(es) ATP by substrate level phosphorylation? ANS:-
Glycolysis.
What would be expected to up-regulate (activate) phosphofructokinase activity?
ANS:- High AMP concentration.
Use the following chemical reaction for this question and the next. CH₄+ o₂---> CO₂+
H₂O
Which of the molecules acts as the reducing agent in the above reaction? ANS:- CH₄
Which of the molecules acts as the oxidizing agent in the above reaction? ANS:- O₂
What is not a direct product of the light reactions of photosynthesis? ANS:- Glucose
T/F...Placing an animal cell in a hypertonic saline solution may result in cell lysis (cell
rupture). ANS:- False.
T/F...Spontaneous processes increase the entropy of the universe. ANS:- True.
T/F...The diffusion of dye molecules when a drop of dye is dropped into a flask of
water is an endergonic process. ANS:- False.
Facilitated diffusion of molecules through protein channels is a type of active
transport. ANS:- False.
T/F...Proteins that function in the cytosol are generally made at free ribosomes.
ANS:- True.
T/F...A Glycolipid consists of a protein covalently bound to a lipid. ANS:- False.
T/F...Spontaneous reactions always proceed toward equilibrium. ANS:- True.
T/F...Hydrolyisis of ATP to ADP + P₁ os am exergonic process. ANS:- True.
T/F...Pyruvate dehydrogensase, an essential enzyme in the production of acetyl CoA
from pyruvate, requires Mg+ ions. Her, Mg+ ions acts as cofactors. ANS:- True.
T/F...Pyruvate oxidation to acetyl CoA yields 2 FADH₂ per pyruvate. ANS:- False.
Overall, cellular respiration is an anabolic process. ANS:- False.
What is the overall balanced chemical equation for photosynthesis in plants? Use
glucose as the sugar. ANS:- Energy + 6CO₂+ 6H₂O----->C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂
Carbon fixation is the first step in ____. Carbon fixation is catalyzed by the
enzyme_____, which incorporates carbon from the molecule_____ into organic
molecules. The organic molecules are then (reduced or oxidized)______to produce
