Topic 2: R + social change
R as a conservative force WEBER: R as a force for change
Traditional defending customs Protestant ethic + spirit of capitalism
institutions + moral views CALVIN: formed Calvinism a form of Protestantism during the reformation helped bring about major social change such as th emergence of capitalism
upholding traditional beliefs in norther Europe 16/17thc
as to how soc should be - Past soc capitalism consisted of a sense of greed + wealth often spent on the luxury of consumption
organised - Modern capitalism is unique based on the systematic efficient rational pursuit of profit for profits sake
Functions to conserve/ WEBER: “spirit of capitalism + elective affinity” parallels between Calvinist attitudes + capitalism
preserve to stabilise soc +
maintain status quo Calvinist beliefs
Predestination: God predetermined which souls would be save (the elect) individuals could not change this
R belief Divine transcendence: God is beyond this world incomparably greater than any mortal no human being could claim to know his will
R upholds traditional - Leaving Calvinists to feel an “unprecedented inner loneliness”
conservative beliefs about - When combined with the doctrine of predestination this created salvation panic
moral issues opposing Asceticism: Refers to abstinence, self-discipline + self-denial
changes that would allow - Monks led this existence refraining from luxury
more personal freedom + Idea of vocation/calling: Post Calvinism = “other worldly asceticism” renouncing everyday life to be devout to R
choice - Calvinism = “this worldly asceticism’ bible interpretation shifted gods plan of humanity derived from the bible revealing Calvinists were put on
R upholds “family values” the earth to glorify god’s name by work
favour traditional patriarchal 1) Wealth + success preformed psychological functions for Calvinists their growing wealth relived salvation panic as they believed they were in
domestic divisions of labour god’s favour
Marriage ceremony of church 2) Driven by their work ethic they systematically + methodically accumulated wealth by the most efficient + rational means possible by not
of England 1602 bride vows to permitting themselves to spend luxuries they reinvested into their business “spirit of modern capitalism”
“love honour + obey” groom
“love + honour Hinduism
India = materially more advanced than Europe but capitalism did not progress due to lack of R belief
R functions - Hinduism favoured renunciation of material world, yet its orientation was other worldly
Functions to conserve/ - It directed its followers concerns away from the material world to the spiritual world
preserve to stabilise soc + © KAUTSKY: WEBBER overestimates the role of ideas + underestimates economic factors
maintain status quo © TAWNEY: Technological change
FUNC- R + consensus
MARX – R + capitalism
FEM – R + patriarchy
R as a conservative force WEBER: R as a force for change
Traditional defending customs Protestant ethic + spirit of capitalism
institutions + moral views CALVIN: formed Calvinism a form of Protestantism during the reformation helped bring about major social change such as th emergence of capitalism
upholding traditional beliefs in norther Europe 16/17thc
as to how soc should be - Past soc capitalism consisted of a sense of greed + wealth often spent on the luxury of consumption
organised - Modern capitalism is unique based on the systematic efficient rational pursuit of profit for profits sake
Functions to conserve/ WEBER: “spirit of capitalism + elective affinity” parallels between Calvinist attitudes + capitalism
preserve to stabilise soc +
maintain status quo Calvinist beliefs
Predestination: God predetermined which souls would be save (the elect) individuals could not change this
R belief Divine transcendence: God is beyond this world incomparably greater than any mortal no human being could claim to know his will
R upholds traditional - Leaving Calvinists to feel an “unprecedented inner loneliness”
conservative beliefs about - When combined with the doctrine of predestination this created salvation panic
moral issues opposing Asceticism: Refers to abstinence, self-discipline + self-denial
changes that would allow - Monks led this existence refraining from luxury
more personal freedom + Idea of vocation/calling: Post Calvinism = “other worldly asceticism” renouncing everyday life to be devout to R
choice - Calvinism = “this worldly asceticism’ bible interpretation shifted gods plan of humanity derived from the bible revealing Calvinists were put on
R upholds “family values” the earth to glorify god’s name by work
favour traditional patriarchal 1) Wealth + success preformed psychological functions for Calvinists their growing wealth relived salvation panic as they believed they were in
domestic divisions of labour god’s favour
Marriage ceremony of church 2) Driven by their work ethic they systematically + methodically accumulated wealth by the most efficient + rational means possible by not
of England 1602 bride vows to permitting themselves to spend luxuries they reinvested into their business “spirit of modern capitalism”
“love honour + obey” groom
“love + honour Hinduism
India = materially more advanced than Europe but capitalism did not progress due to lack of R belief
R functions - Hinduism favoured renunciation of material world, yet its orientation was other worldly
Functions to conserve/ - It directed its followers concerns away from the material world to the spiritual world
preserve to stabilise soc + © KAUTSKY: WEBBER overestimates the role of ideas + underestimates economic factors
maintain status quo © TAWNEY: Technological change
FUNC- R + consensus
MARX – R + capitalism
FEM – R + patriarchy
