COUN-6214S-3/COUN-6215D-3/COUN-6215-3-Lifespan Development Week 2 Quiz

COUN-6214S-3/COUN-6215D-3/COUN-6215-3-Lifespan Development 1. The epigenome is the full set of factors, from the cell to the outside world, that controls the expression of 2. When clinicians assess a client’s presenting problem(s) in order to plan for treatment, which of the following approaches to diagnosis reflects a developmental viewpoint? 3. Which of the following is the best example of neuroplasticity? 4. Mrs. Harmon, the mother of 18-month-old Bryce, is concerned that Bryce has not learned to speak very well. He has a limited vocabulary and seems content to point to the things he wants. Mrs. Harmon has read several child development books which indicate that Bryce should be in the stage of language learning. Mrs. Harmon fears that Bryce is not keeping up developmentally. Based on your understanding of the timing of developmental stages, what would be your best advice? 5. Models of development which hold that change typically occurs in shifts between periods of relative stability and periods of disequilibrium are called 6. The idea that children’s development is affected by biological factors, and that biological factors are also affected by the environment and experience, is part of 7. In Bowlby’s attachment theory, which of the following represents a primary outcome of the formation of attachments in infancy? 8. The available data indicate that chronic maternal stress during pregnancy has which of the following effects on the fetus? 9. When Tamara responds to the crying of her 4-month-old baby, Jessie, she tries to figure out what has caused the baby’s distress (hunger, wet diaper, etc.) while making soothing sounds and holding the baby. Tamara’s actions are Jessie’s developing emotion regulation abilities. 10. Sam is at home with his two children, 3-year-old Daria and 6-week-old Keith. Sam is reading a story to Daria when baby Keith wakes up and screams for his bottle. Daria gets very upset when Sam leaves her to tend to the baby. Sam tries to explain to his daughter that her baby brother can’t wait, but Daria continues to insist. Sam is concerned that Daria is not accepting her new baby brother. Based on your understanding of preschoolers cognitive development, what would you tell Sam? 11. The belief that individuals create their own knowledge by interpreting new experience in the light of past experience is a fundamental proposition of 12. Counselors apply multidimensional models most explicitly in their work with clients when they 13. For most mental illnesses and behavioral disorders, like alcoholism and clinical depression, the genetic contribution can best be described as 14. Which cognitive achievement underlies a baby’s ability to form an attachment to a specific adult, like a parent or other caregiver? 15. Ms. Hernandez is working with 4-year-old Peter, who is afraid of the dark. He believes monsters come out at night like he has seen on TV. Ms. Hernandez patiently explains that there are no real monsters, but to no avail. Peter still refuses to go to sleep. What might Piaget propose as the reason for this treatment failure? 16. Contemporary developmentalists focus on which question concerning nature and nurture? 17. A kitten whose eyes are covered during the first months of its life loses the ability to see clearly in ways that would have been possible without the loss of early visual stimulation. This effect remains despite later attempts to remediate the loss. This is an example of which of the following? 18. Complete the following analogy: geneotype is to phenotype as 19. Mrs. Washington is conducting her weekly group counseling session for single young adults. Karen, a lonely young professional woman, talks about feeling abandoned by her boyfriend. The other group members listen patiently and respond empathically. Mrs. Washington reflects Karen’s feeling with concern and sensitivity. What would operant learning theory predict about Karen’s behavior in the next group session? 20. Using Erikson’s developmental theory as a framework, which of the following statements is an accurate representation of his ideas? 21. Vygotsky believed that egocentric or private speech (talking aloud to one’s self) played an important role in cognitive development by 22. Which of the following statements is most accurate with regard to Piaget’s theory? 23. Vygotsky pointed out that children do not independently construct a definition for each a word they learn, but rather they learn the meanings that the surrounding culture has ascribed to each word. This central concept in Vygotsky’s theory is called 24. One epigenetic change that can affect the expression of a gene is methylation, which is 25. In Bronfenbrenner’s model, proximal processes refer to