Institute of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore.
Topic: How to combat air pollution
Subject: Aerosol and Environmental Health
Class: MPhil (morning) 2nd semester
Submitted to: Dr. Zulfiqar
Submitted by: Arshia Naseer
Roll. No: M.phil 08
,Contents
Summary……………………………………………….3
Air Pollution................................................................... 4
Sources and control of air pollutants………………….. 5
How to combat air pollution………………………….. 13
References…………………………………………….. 18
Summary
Air pollution is a situation in which the outdoor atmosphere contain materials in
concentrations which are harmful to people and their environment. Air pollution
can be due to the natural and anthropogenic sources.
Air pollutants are present in the air which causes air pollution. Air pollutants are
airborne substances (solids, liquids, or gases) that occur in concentration high
enough to threaten the health of people and animals, to harm vegetation and
structures, or to toxify a given environment. Carbon monoxide, lead, nitrogen
oxides, ozone, sulfur dioxide, benzene, cadmium, Particulate matter and asbestos
are some major air pollutants.
Auto, truck, or bus exhaust from attached garages, nearby roads, or parking areas,
paint (older homes, old toys, furniture, crafts), dust, soil, burning of fossil fuels
(coal and oil), volcanoes, forest fires, cigarette smoke, the incineration of
municipal waste and smokestacks or fires etc. are some of the sources of air
pollutants. We can control air pollution either by source control or by Controlling
devices and technologies. Source control include source relocation, source shut
down, fuel or energy substitution, process changes, good operating practices and
vehicular emission control. Controlling devices include Settling chambers, Inertial
separators or Cyclone, Electrostatic precipitator, Bag houses and filters and Wet
scrubbers etc. We can control the particulate matter by using these devices.
, Gaseous pollutants can be controlled by absorption and combustion process.
Air pollution
As per the definition of the World Health Organization (WHO), air pollution is a
situation in which the outdoor atmosphere contain materials in concentrations
which are harmful to people and their environment.
Sources of air pollution:
There are two major sources of air pollution.
Natural sources:
Volcanic eruption releases poisonous gases.
Man-made sources:
• Deforestation
• Burning of fossil fuels
• Emissions from vehicles
• Smokes from industries.
Air pollutants:
Air pollutants are airborne substances (solids, liquids, or gases) that occur in
concentrations high enough to threaten the health of people and animals, to harm
vegetation and structures, or to toxify a given environment.
For example:
• Carbon Monoxide
• Lead
• Nitrogen Oxides
• Ozone
• Sulfur Dioxide
• Benzene
Topic: How to combat air pollution
Subject: Aerosol and Environmental Health
Class: MPhil (morning) 2nd semester
Submitted to: Dr. Zulfiqar
Submitted by: Arshia Naseer
Roll. No: M.phil 08
,Contents
Summary……………………………………………….3
Air Pollution................................................................... 4
Sources and control of air pollutants………………….. 5
How to combat air pollution………………………….. 13
References…………………………………………….. 18
Summary
Air pollution is a situation in which the outdoor atmosphere contain materials in
concentrations which are harmful to people and their environment. Air pollution
can be due to the natural and anthropogenic sources.
Air pollutants are present in the air which causes air pollution. Air pollutants are
airborne substances (solids, liquids, or gases) that occur in concentration high
enough to threaten the health of people and animals, to harm vegetation and
structures, or to toxify a given environment. Carbon monoxide, lead, nitrogen
oxides, ozone, sulfur dioxide, benzene, cadmium, Particulate matter and asbestos
are some major air pollutants.
Auto, truck, or bus exhaust from attached garages, nearby roads, or parking areas,
paint (older homes, old toys, furniture, crafts), dust, soil, burning of fossil fuels
(coal and oil), volcanoes, forest fires, cigarette smoke, the incineration of
municipal waste and smokestacks or fires etc. are some of the sources of air
pollutants. We can control air pollution either by source control or by Controlling
devices and technologies. Source control include source relocation, source shut
down, fuel or energy substitution, process changes, good operating practices and
vehicular emission control. Controlling devices include Settling chambers, Inertial
separators or Cyclone, Electrostatic precipitator, Bag houses and filters and Wet
scrubbers etc. We can control the particulate matter by using these devices.
, Gaseous pollutants can be controlled by absorption and combustion process.
Air pollution
As per the definition of the World Health Organization (WHO), air pollution is a
situation in which the outdoor atmosphere contain materials in concentrations
which are harmful to people and their environment.
Sources of air pollution:
There are two major sources of air pollution.
Natural sources:
Volcanic eruption releases poisonous gases.
Man-made sources:
• Deforestation
• Burning of fossil fuels
• Emissions from vehicles
• Smokes from industries.
Air pollutants:
Air pollutants are airborne substances (solids, liquids, or gases) that occur in
concentrations high enough to threaten the health of people and animals, to harm
vegetation and structures, or to toxify a given environment.
For example:
• Carbon Monoxide
• Lead
• Nitrogen Oxides
• Ozone
• Sulfur Dioxide
• Benzene
