FULL-TEXT Nclex-RN Practice Quiz Test Bank (900 Questions) - Nurseslabs edited

FULL-TEXT Nclex-RN Practice Quiz Test Bank (900 Questions) - Nurseslabs edited NCLEX-RN Practice Quiz Test Bank (75 Questions) NCLEXRN-01-001 Question Tag: hypertension Question Category: Physiological Integrity, Reduction of Risk Potential Which individual is at greatest risk for developing hypertension? • A. 45-year-old African-American attorney • B. 60-year-old Asian-American shop owner • C. 40-year-old Caucasian nurse • D. 55-year-old Hispanic teacher 1 of 54 2/14/2022, 8:07 PM Correct Answer: A: 45-year-old African American attorney • Option A: African-Americans develop high blood pressure at younger ages than other groups in the US. Researchers have uncovered that African-Americans respond differently to hypertensive drugs than other groups of people. They are also found out to be more sensitive to salt, which increases the risk of developing hypertension. • Option B: The incidence of hypertension in Asian-Americans does not appear to be significantly higher than the general population, according to limited US data. • Option C: The racial disparity in hypertension and hypertension-related outcomes has been recognized for decades with African-Americans with greater risks than Caucasians. • Option D: Hypertension prevalence rates in Hispanics may vary by gender and country of origin. Hispanic Americans overall have relatively low levels of hypertension, despite elevated levels of diabetes and obesity. NCLEXRN-01-002 Question Tag: acetaminophen Question Category: Physiological Integrity, Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies A 15-year-old female who ingested 15 tablets of maximum strength acetaminophen 45 minutes ago is rushed to the emergency department. Which of these orders should the nurse do first? • A. Gastric lavage • B. Administer acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) orally • C. Start an IV Dextrose 5% with 0.33% normal saline to keep the vein open • D. Have the patient drink activated charcoal mixed with water Correct Answer: A. Gastric lavage • Option A: Acetaminophen overdose is extremely toxic to the liver causing hepatotoxicity. Early symptoms of hepatic damage include nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. If not treated immediately, hepatic necrosis occurs and may lead to death. Removing as much of the drug as possible is the first step in treatment for acetaminophen overdose, this is best done through gastric lavage. Gastric lavage (irrigation) and aspiration consist of flushing the stomach with fluids and then aspirating the fluid back out. This procedure is done in life-threatening cases such as acetaminophen toxicity and only if less than one (1) hour has occurred after ingestion. • Option B: The oral formulation of acetylcysteine is the drug of choice for the treatment of acetaminophen overdose but should be done after GI decontamination with activated charcoal. Liver damage is minimized by giving acetylcysteine (Mucomyst), the antidote for acetaminophen. Acetylcysteine reduces injury by substituting for depleted glutathione in the reaction that converts the toxic metabolite of acetaminophen to its nontoxic form. When given within 8 hours of acetaminophen toxicity, acetylcysteine is effective in preventing severe liver injury. It is administered orally or intravenously. • Option C: Intermittent IV infusion with Dextrose 5% may be considered for late- presenting or chronic ingestion. • Option D: Oral activated charcoal (AC) avidly adsorbs acetaminophen and may be administered if the patient presents within 1 hour after ingesting a potentially toxic dose. Charcoal should not be administered immediately before or with antidotes since it can effectively adsorb it and neutralize the benefits. NCLEXRN-01-003 Question Tag: cardiac catheterization Question Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment, Management of Care Which complication of cardiac catheterization should the nurse monitor for in the initial 24 hours after the procedure? • A. Angina at rest • B. Thrombus formation • C. Dizziness • D. Falling blood pressure Correct Answer: B. Thrombus formation A thrombus formation may prevent blood from flowing normally through the circulatory system, which may become an embolism, and block the flow of blood towards major organs in the body. • Option A: The reported incidence of myocardial infarction with angina at rest is less than 0.1%, and is mostly influenced by patient-related factors like the extent and severity of underlying cardiovascular-related diseases and technique-related factors. • Options C & D: A falling BP and dizziness occur along with hemorrhage of the insertion site which is associated with the first 12 hours after the procedure. NCLEXRN-01-004 Question Tag: renal calculi, flank pain Question Category: Physiological Integrity, Basic Care and Comfort A client is admitted to the emergency room with renal calculi and is complaining of moderate to severe flank pain and nausea. The client’s temperature is 100.8 degrees Fahrenheit. The priority nursing goal for this client is: • A. Maintain fluid and electrolyte balance • B. Control nausea • C. Manage pain • D. Prevent urinary tract infection Correct Answer: C. Manage pain Managing pain is always a priority because it ultimately improves the quality of life. The cornerstone of ureteral colic management is analgesia, which can be achieved most expediently with parenteral narcotics or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). • Option A: IV hydration in the setting of acute renal colic is controversial. Whereas some authorities believe that IV fluids hasten the passage of the stone through the urogenital system, others express concern that additional hydrostatic pressure exacerbates the pain of renal colic. • Option B: Because nausea and vomiting frequently accompany acute renal colic, antiemetics often play a role in renal colic therapy. Several antiemetics have a sedating effect that is often helpful. • Option D: Overuse of the more effective antibiotic agents leaves only highly resistant bacteria, but failure to adequately treat a UTI complicated by an obstructing calculus can result in potentially life-threatening urosepsis and pyonephrosis. Questions and rationale from N Feel free to print or share and link back to us! For more practice questions, please visit our Nursing Test Bank [ NCLEXRN-01-005 Question Tag: growth, school age Question Category: Health Promotion and Maintenance What would the nurse expect to see while assessing the growth of children during their school age years? • A. Decreasing amounts of body fat and muscle mass • B. Little change in body appearance from year to year • C. Progressive height increase of 4 inches each year • D. Yearly weight gain of about 5.5 pounds per year Correct Answer: D. Yearly weight gain of about 5.5 pounds per year School age children gain about 5.5 pounds each year and increase about 2 inches in height. Between ages 2 to 10 years, a child will grow at a steady pace. • Option A: Decreasing amounts of body fat and muscle mass are common in toddlers. • Option B: A decrease in the change in body appearance occurs among young adults. • Option C: Growth spurts are common in school-age children, as are periods of slow growth. NCLEXRN-01-006 Question Tag: blood pressure Question Category: Health Promotion and Maintenance At a community health fair, the blood pressure of a 62-year-old client is 160/96 mmHg. The client states “My blood pressure is usually much lower.” The nurse should tell the client to: • A. Go get a blood pressure check within the next 15 minutes • B. Check blood pressure again in two (2) months • C. See the healthcare provider immediately • D. Visit the health care provider within one (1) week for a BP check Correct Answer: A. Go get a blood pressure check within the next 15 minutes. The blood pressure reading is moderately high with the need to have it rechecked after a few minutes to verify. The client states it is ‘usually much lower.’ Thus a concern exists for complications such as stroke. • Options B & D: Waiting 2 months or a week for follow-up is too long. • Option C: Immediate check by the provider of care is not warranted. NCLEXRN-01-007 Question Tag: prioritization Question Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment, Safety and Infection Control The hospital has sounded the call for a disaster drill on the evening shift. Which of these clients would the nurse put first on the list to be discharged in order to make a room available for a new admission? • A. A middle-aged client with a history of being ventilator dependent for over seven (7) years and admitted with bacterial pneumonia five days ago. • B. A young adult with diabetes mellitus Type 2 for over ten (10) years and admitted with antibiotic-induced diarrhea 24 hours ago. • C. An elderly client with a history of hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and lupus, and was admitted with Stevens-Johnson syndrome that morning. • D. An adolescent with a positive HIV test and admitted for acute cellulitis of the lower leg 48 hours ago. Correct Answer: A. A middle-aged client with a history of being ventilator dependent for over seven (7) years and admitted with bacterial pneumonia five days ago. The best candidate for discharge is one who has had a chronic condition and is most familiar with their care. This client in option A is most likely stable and could continue medication therapy at home. • Option B: The client with antibiotic-induced diarrhea still needs continuous strict monitoring as the blood sugar levels may become unstable and dehydration is still possible. • Option C: Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) is a rare, serious disorder of the skin and mucous membranes. It’s usually a reaction to medication that starts with flu- like symptoms, followed by a painful rash that spreads and blisters. • Option D: Cellulitis is often an underestimated complication of HIV disease, but they are responsible for an appreciable morbidity. NCLEXRN-01-008 Question Tag: hypothyroidism, levothyroxine Question Category: Physiological Integrity, Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies A 25-year-old male client has been newly diagnosed with hypothyroidism and will take levothyroxine (Synthroid) 50 mcg/day by mouth. As part of the teaching plan, the nurse emphasizes that this medication: • A. Should be taken in the morning • B. May decrease the client’s energy level • C. Must be stored in a dark container • D. Will decrease the client’s heart rate Correct Answer: A. Should be taken in the morning • Option A: Levothyroxine (Synthroid) has a side effect of insomnia. Taking it in the morning could prevent interfering with the client’s sleeping pattern. • Option B: Some of the side effects of Levothyroxine include hyperactivity and increase in heart rate. • Option C: Keep this drug in a cool, dark, and dry place. • Option D: A decrease in the heart rate is a desired effect of Levothyroxine. NCLEXRN-01-009 Question Tag: epiglottis Question Category: Physiological Integrity, Physiological Adaptation A 3-year-old child was brought to the pediatric clinic after the sudden onset of findings that include irritability, thick muffled voice, croaking on inspiration, hot to touch, sit leaning forward, tongue protruding, drooling and suprasternal retractions. What should the nurse do first? • A. Prepare the child for X-ray of upper airways