WK 6
NR 565 Final - Week 6 Guide
Methylxanthines - toxicity
Older patients are at a much higher risk for toxicity when taking methylxanthines, those with liver dysfunction, untreated
seizure disorder or peptic ulcer disease.
Asthma & COPD therapy.
SABA --> PRN
Intermittent asthma
2 d/week or less, 2 times/month or less
Mild Persistent
more than 2 d/wk but < daily.
3-4 times/month
more than 2 d/week but < daily and no more than 1 time on any day.
Moderate Persistent
Daily, more than once/week but < nightly, daily.
Severe persistent
Several times daily, often nightly, several times a day.
Short Acting Beta Agonist (SABA) examples
albuterol (Proventil, ProAir, Ventolin)
levalbuterol (Xopenex)
SABA benefits
activates the beta-adrenergic receptors in smooth muscle of the lung, thereby promoting bronchodilation and relieving
bronchospasm. Beta 2 agonist limit role in suppressing histamine release in the lung and increasing ciliary motility.
SABA patient instruction
acute asthma attacks only - NOT long term use. Patients who have difficulty with hand-breath coordination, using a
spacer with a one way valve may improve results. Teaching on proper use of inhaler and spacer. Advise patients with
asthma to assess peak expiratory flow daily and record data, along with symptom frequency and symptom intensity,
nighttime awakenings, effect on normal activity and SABA use.
LABA/SABA
LABA should be taken on a fixe schedule, not PRN and always in combination with inhaled glucocorticoid.
importance of frequency a patient is using their SABA
to be able to assess the severity of asthma symptoms in each patient, and if they need adjunct treatments in more severe
cases.
Long-Acting Beta Agonists (LABA) examples
Formoterol (Foradil), Salmeterol (Serevent) - use caution for African Americans.
NR 565 Final - Week 6 Guide
Methylxanthines - toxicity
Older patients are at a much higher risk for toxicity when taking methylxanthines, those with liver dysfunction, untreated
seizure disorder or peptic ulcer disease.
Asthma & COPD therapy.
SABA --> PRN
Intermittent asthma
2 d/week or less, 2 times/month or less
Mild Persistent
more than 2 d/wk but < daily.
3-4 times/month
more than 2 d/week but < daily and no more than 1 time on any day.
Moderate Persistent
Daily, more than once/week but < nightly, daily.
Severe persistent
Several times daily, often nightly, several times a day.
Short Acting Beta Agonist (SABA) examples
albuterol (Proventil, ProAir, Ventolin)
levalbuterol (Xopenex)
SABA benefits
activates the beta-adrenergic receptors in smooth muscle of the lung, thereby promoting bronchodilation and relieving
bronchospasm. Beta 2 agonist limit role in suppressing histamine release in the lung and increasing ciliary motility.
SABA patient instruction
acute asthma attacks only - NOT long term use. Patients who have difficulty with hand-breath coordination, using a
spacer with a one way valve may improve results. Teaching on proper use of inhaler and spacer. Advise patients with
asthma to assess peak expiratory flow daily and record data, along with symptom frequency and symptom intensity,
nighttime awakenings, effect on normal activity and SABA use.
LABA/SABA
LABA should be taken on a fixe schedule, not PRN and always in combination with inhaled glucocorticoid.
importance of frequency a patient is using their SABA
to be able to assess the severity of asthma symptoms in each patient, and if they need adjunct treatments in more severe
cases.
Long-Acting Beta Agonists (LABA) examples
Formoterol (Foradil), Salmeterol (Serevent) - use caution for African Americans.
