Summary Tumor Markers Detailed Notes

Objectives for the lecture  Define tumour markers  Identify the uses of tumour markers  Identify the limitations of using tumour markers  Classify tumour markers  Identify the most important tumour marker in each class  List the biochemical tests in Dx and Rx of Ca  Identify the role of a pharmacist  Pass exams Definitions  A tumour is an abnormal growth  A tumour can be:  Benign- not cancerous  Pre-malignant  Malignant (cancer) Definitions  Cancer is a group of diseases characterized by uncontrolled cell division leading to growth of abnormal tissue  Cancerous  Malignant  Neoplasia  Sarcoma  carcinoma  Malignant tumour (cancer) can invade other organs- metastasize Causes of cancer  Unknown  Genetic  Viruses  Chronic Irritants e.g chemicals  others Symptoms of cancer  Unusual bleeding or discharge from any part of the body  Unusual growing swelling  Lump or thickening in any area e.g in the breast  A sore does not heal  A change in bowel or bladder movements  hoarseness or persistent cough