what statements are correct regarding the link between radiation and genetic effects - The link has been
demonstrated in animal studies .
Increased risk to humans cannot be predicted with respect to an individual.
The changes in kilovoltage (kVp) will result in the greatest reduction of patient dose, when milliampere-
seconds (mAs) is adjusted to compensate for the change - Increase kVp by 30%
The following image receptor (IR) system speeds will result in the lowest patient dose - Faster speed IR
system
The primary purpose of using gonad shields - reduce the likelihood of genetic effects
Are gonad shields - Contact and shadow
gonad shielding should be used - when the gonads are within 5 cm of the radiation field
the greatest cause of unnecessary radiation to patients that can be controlled by the limited operator is
- repeat exposures
the limited operator can reduce repeat exposure - clearly instructing patients
how does the x-ray beam restriction minimize patient exposure - it limits the radiation field to the area
of interest
what is the device that allows the limited operator to vary the size of the radiation field - collimator
how does filtration reduce patient exposure - removes longer-wavelength photons
The National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements(NCRP) recommendation for the
amount of total filtration - 2.5 mm Al equiv
,Three principal methods used to protect limited operators from unnecessary radiation exposure - time,
distance, and shielding
The following is not a type of personal radiation shielding - Shadow
personnel shielding must be worn on the rare occasion during which the limited operator may need to
remain in the radiographic room during an exposure to assist the patient in maintaining the proper
position. What is the source of the greatest radiation hazard under this circumstance.? - scattered
radiation from the patient
the term for radiation the escapes from the x-ray tube housing - leakage radiation
why are limited operators prohibited from activities that result in direct exposure to the primary x-ray
beam - they are considered occupationally exposed individuals
distance, as a method used to limit operator exposure, means that - the operator should maximize the
distance from the source during an exposure
shielding worn for personnel protection is designed to attenuate what source of exposure - scatter
radiation
the acronym for a common type of personnel dosimeter - TLD
What is the recommended placement for personnel dosimeter on the body of the limited operator - the
badge should be worn in the region of the collar on the anterior surface of the body and outside the
lead apron, if worn
The NCRP recommended annual effective dose limit for occupational exposure - 5.0 rem (0.05 Sv)
The NCRP recommended monthly effective (or equivalent) dose limit to the fetus for a pregnant worker
- 0.05 rem (0.0005 Sv)
, Radiation monitoring of personnel is required when what percentage of the annual occupational
effective dose limit is likely to be received - 10%
The conventional (British system) radiation unit to express radiation intensity in the air - Roentgen
The conventional (British system) unit commonly used to report occupational dose to radiation workers
in the United States is the - rem
What is the conventional (British system) radiation unit of absorbed dose - Rad
According to the Bergonie-Tribondeau law, the following types of cells are most radiosensitive -
embryonic tissue cells
Type of x-ray photon interaction with the body is primarily responsible for the radiation dose absorbed
by the patient - Photoelectric
The NCRP (report #102) recommendation for lead equivalency of aprons used for personnel protection -
0.5 mm
Erythema as it relates to radiation exposure - reddening of the skin caused by a high radiation dose
The guiding philosophy of radiation protection - ALARA--as low as reasonably achievable
The following statements reflects current scientific opinion regarding the effects of diagnostic levels of
ionizing radiation - There is an increased risk of cancer, leukemia, birth defects, and cataracts
The following changes will decrease patient dose - using a faster-speed class imaging system
increasing the grid ratio to a 16:1 ratio
When radiation exposure occurs during pregnancy, the greatest risk of birth defects occurs when the
exposure - exceeds 5 rad to the uterus
demonstrated in animal studies .
Increased risk to humans cannot be predicted with respect to an individual.
The changes in kilovoltage (kVp) will result in the greatest reduction of patient dose, when milliampere-
seconds (mAs) is adjusted to compensate for the change - Increase kVp by 30%
The following image receptor (IR) system speeds will result in the lowest patient dose - Faster speed IR
system
The primary purpose of using gonad shields - reduce the likelihood of genetic effects
Are gonad shields - Contact and shadow
gonad shielding should be used - when the gonads are within 5 cm of the radiation field
the greatest cause of unnecessary radiation to patients that can be controlled by the limited operator is
- repeat exposures
the limited operator can reduce repeat exposure - clearly instructing patients
how does the x-ray beam restriction minimize patient exposure - it limits the radiation field to the area
of interest
what is the device that allows the limited operator to vary the size of the radiation field - collimator
how does filtration reduce patient exposure - removes longer-wavelength photons
The National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements(NCRP) recommendation for the
amount of total filtration - 2.5 mm Al equiv
,Three principal methods used to protect limited operators from unnecessary radiation exposure - time,
distance, and shielding
The following is not a type of personal radiation shielding - Shadow
personnel shielding must be worn on the rare occasion during which the limited operator may need to
remain in the radiographic room during an exposure to assist the patient in maintaining the proper
position. What is the source of the greatest radiation hazard under this circumstance.? - scattered
radiation from the patient
the term for radiation the escapes from the x-ray tube housing - leakage radiation
why are limited operators prohibited from activities that result in direct exposure to the primary x-ray
beam - they are considered occupationally exposed individuals
distance, as a method used to limit operator exposure, means that - the operator should maximize the
distance from the source during an exposure
shielding worn for personnel protection is designed to attenuate what source of exposure - scatter
radiation
the acronym for a common type of personnel dosimeter - TLD
What is the recommended placement for personnel dosimeter on the body of the limited operator - the
badge should be worn in the region of the collar on the anterior surface of the body and outside the
lead apron, if worn
The NCRP recommended annual effective dose limit for occupational exposure - 5.0 rem (0.05 Sv)
The NCRP recommended monthly effective (or equivalent) dose limit to the fetus for a pregnant worker
- 0.05 rem (0.0005 Sv)
, Radiation monitoring of personnel is required when what percentage of the annual occupational
effective dose limit is likely to be received - 10%
The conventional (British system) radiation unit to express radiation intensity in the air - Roentgen
The conventional (British system) unit commonly used to report occupational dose to radiation workers
in the United States is the - rem
What is the conventional (British system) radiation unit of absorbed dose - Rad
According to the Bergonie-Tribondeau law, the following types of cells are most radiosensitive -
embryonic tissue cells
Type of x-ray photon interaction with the body is primarily responsible for the radiation dose absorbed
by the patient - Photoelectric
The NCRP (report #102) recommendation for lead equivalency of aprons used for personnel protection -
0.5 mm
Erythema as it relates to radiation exposure - reddening of the skin caused by a high radiation dose
The guiding philosophy of radiation protection - ALARA--as low as reasonably achievable
The following statements reflects current scientific opinion regarding the effects of diagnostic levels of
ionizing radiation - There is an increased risk of cancer, leukemia, birth defects, and cataracts
The following changes will decrease patient dose - using a faster-speed class imaging system
increasing the grid ratio to a 16:1 ratio
When radiation exposure occurs during pregnancy, the greatest risk of birth defects occurs when the
exposure - exceeds 5 rad to the uterus
