GLENOHUMERAL JOINT- LIGAMENTS
Between the glenoid fossa of scapula and the head of humerus
• Joint capsule: from the scapula (scapular neck and glenoid labrum) to the humerus
(anatomical neck).
• Tendons (rotator capsule): supraspinatus superiorly, infraspinatus and teres minor
posteriorly, subscapularis anteriorly and long head of triceps brachii inferiorly.
• Burasae: subdeltoid-subacromial (SASD) bursa, subcoracoid bursa, subscapular bursa and
coracobrachial bursa
Ligaments:
• Capsular ligaments:
• Glenohumeral ligaments: support the joint from the anteroinferior side, limiting the
maximum amplitude of certain arm movements.
o The superior glenohumeral ligament: extends from the supraglenoid tubercle of
scapula to the proximal aspect of the lesser tubercle of humerus.
o The middle glenohumeral ligament: attaches along the anterior glenoid margin of the
scapula, just inferior to the superior GH ligament. It extends to the lesser tubercle of
humerus.
o The inferior glenohumeral ligament: extends between the glenoid labrum and the
inferomedial part of the humeral neck. It is split into anterior and posterior bands
• Transverse humeral ligament: extends horizontally between the tubercles of the humerus.
It covers the intertubercular sulcus and the long head tendon of the biceps brachii muscle,
preventing displacement of the tendon ftom the sulcus
- Acessory ligament:
• Coracohumeral ligament: extends between the coracoid process of the scapula to the
tubercles of the humerus and the intervening transverse humeral ligament, supporting the
joint from its superior side.
ELBOW JOINT- LIGAMENTS
Humeroulnar joint: between the trochlea on the medial aspect of the distal end of the humerus and
the trochlear notch on the proximal ulna.
Humeroradial joint: between the capitulum on the lateral aspect of the distal end of the humerus
with the head of the radius.
Proximal radioulnar joint: the proximal ends of the radius and ulna articulate with each other.
Ligaments:
• The ulnar collateral ligament: extends from the medial epicondyle of the humerus to the
coronoid process of the ulna. Ant, post. and inf. bands .
, • The radial collateral ligament: has a low attachment to the lateral epicondyle of the humerus.
The distal fibres blend with the annular ligament that encloses the head of the radius.
• The annular ligament: also reinforces the joint by holding the radius and ulna together at their
proximal articulation.
RADIOCARPAL JOINR (WRIST JOINT) – LIGAMENTS
Between radius, its articular disc and three proximal carpal bones; the scaphoid, lunate and
triquetral bones.
Ligaments:
- Ulnar collateral ligaments: runs from the ulna to the triquetrum and pisiform
- Radial collateral ligaments: runs from the radius to the scaphoid and trapezium
- Palmar radiocarpal ligaments:
arise from anterior/palmar distal border of the radius and extends distally to the scaphoid,
lunate and capitate bones
o Radioscaphocapitate ligament: from the styloid process of the radius to the distal aspect
of scaphoid bone
o Short/Long radiolunate ligament: from the distal radius to the lunate bone
o Radioscapholunate ligament
- Dorsal radiocarpal ligament
arises from the dorsal radial tubercle to the triquetrum bone
o Radiotriquetral ligament
o Radioulnotriquetral ligament
- Palmar ulnocarpal ligament
arises from the anterior margin of the TFCC towards the capitate, lunate and triquetrum
bones
o Ulnocapitate ligament
o Ulnolunate ligament
o Ulnotriquetral ligament
V radiolunate and ulnolunate ligaments
V ulnocapitate and radiocapitate ligaments
V dorso ulnotriquetral and dorsal radiocarpal ligaments
Between the glenoid fossa of scapula and the head of humerus
• Joint capsule: from the scapula (scapular neck and glenoid labrum) to the humerus
(anatomical neck).
• Tendons (rotator capsule): supraspinatus superiorly, infraspinatus and teres minor
posteriorly, subscapularis anteriorly and long head of triceps brachii inferiorly.
• Burasae: subdeltoid-subacromial (SASD) bursa, subcoracoid bursa, subscapular bursa and
coracobrachial bursa
Ligaments:
• Capsular ligaments:
• Glenohumeral ligaments: support the joint from the anteroinferior side, limiting the
maximum amplitude of certain arm movements.
o The superior glenohumeral ligament: extends from the supraglenoid tubercle of
scapula to the proximal aspect of the lesser tubercle of humerus.
o The middle glenohumeral ligament: attaches along the anterior glenoid margin of the
scapula, just inferior to the superior GH ligament. It extends to the lesser tubercle of
humerus.
o The inferior glenohumeral ligament: extends between the glenoid labrum and the
inferomedial part of the humeral neck. It is split into anterior and posterior bands
• Transverse humeral ligament: extends horizontally between the tubercles of the humerus.
It covers the intertubercular sulcus and the long head tendon of the biceps brachii muscle,
preventing displacement of the tendon ftom the sulcus
- Acessory ligament:
• Coracohumeral ligament: extends between the coracoid process of the scapula to the
tubercles of the humerus and the intervening transverse humeral ligament, supporting the
joint from its superior side.
ELBOW JOINT- LIGAMENTS
Humeroulnar joint: between the trochlea on the medial aspect of the distal end of the humerus and
the trochlear notch on the proximal ulna.
Humeroradial joint: between the capitulum on the lateral aspect of the distal end of the humerus
with the head of the radius.
Proximal radioulnar joint: the proximal ends of the radius and ulna articulate with each other.
Ligaments:
• The ulnar collateral ligament: extends from the medial epicondyle of the humerus to the
coronoid process of the ulna. Ant, post. and inf. bands .
, • The radial collateral ligament: has a low attachment to the lateral epicondyle of the humerus.
The distal fibres blend with the annular ligament that encloses the head of the radius.
• The annular ligament: also reinforces the joint by holding the radius and ulna together at their
proximal articulation.
RADIOCARPAL JOINR (WRIST JOINT) – LIGAMENTS
Between radius, its articular disc and three proximal carpal bones; the scaphoid, lunate and
triquetral bones.
Ligaments:
- Ulnar collateral ligaments: runs from the ulna to the triquetrum and pisiform
- Radial collateral ligaments: runs from the radius to the scaphoid and trapezium
- Palmar radiocarpal ligaments:
arise from anterior/palmar distal border of the radius and extends distally to the scaphoid,
lunate and capitate bones
o Radioscaphocapitate ligament: from the styloid process of the radius to the distal aspect
of scaphoid bone
o Short/Long radiolunate ligament: from the distal radius to the lunate bone
o Radioscapholunate ligament
- Dorsal radiocarpal ligament
arises from the dorsal radial tubercle to the triquetrum bone
o Radiotriquetral ligament
o Radioulnotriquetral ligament
- Palmar ulnocarpal ligament
arises from the anterior margin of the TFCC towards the capitate, lunate and triquetrum
bones
o Ulnocapitate ligament
o Ulnolunate ligament
o Ulnotriquetral ligament
V radiolunate and ulnolunate ligaments
V ulnocapitate and radiocapitate ligaments
V dorso ulnotriquetral and dorsal radiocarpal ligaments
