PHARMACOLOGY REVIEW

The Nurse’s Role in Medication Administration How does the drug work? - mechanism of action Therapeutic Response?- Purpose What effect and when?- Efficacy Adverse Effects?- Harmful drug responses Common Side Effects?- Expected responses Toxic Side Effects?- Emergency responses Allergic Responses?- Recognition and Response Idiosyncratic Reactions?- Recognition and Response 6 Stevens Johnson Syndrome NSAIDS, Allopurinol, Phenytoin, Carbamazepine, barbiturates, anticonvulsants, and sulfa antibiotics Copyright © 2018 Feuer Nursing Review LLC, All rights reserved. 4 Pharmacology 7 THE 7 RIGHTS Right client - Two methods of ID Right drug - (3 times- retrieve, take med, return)16% of errors Right dose - 41% of errors Right documentation Right route -16% of errors Right time Right to refuse treatment - (client’s Bill of Rights) 8 THE JOINT COMMISSION'S “DO NOT USE” LIST: BRIEF REVIEW Copyright © 2018 Feuer Nursing Review LLC, All rights reserved. 5 Pharmacology 9 REVIEW QUESTION A client presents to an urgent care center. Vital signs include respiratory rate 15. heart rate 68, blood pressure -126/74. The client is complaining of hives and pruritus after taking an antibiotic. The spouse states that the client does not have any allergies. Which action should be taken first by the nurse? Obtain equipment needed for allergy testing. 10 REVIEW QUESTION A client complains of dry mouth after starting a new medication that has anticholinergic side effects. Which action by the nurse is most appropriate? 1. Instruct the client to stop the medication and notify their primary care provider. 2. Assess the client’s serum drug level. 3. Assess the client’s skin turgor. 4. Instruct the client to suck on hard candy. Copyright © 2018 Feuer Nursing Review LLC, All rights reserved. 6 Pharmacology 11 REVIEW QUESTION A nurse is caring for an adult client with Congestive Heart Failure. Which of the following findings would indicate a therapeutic response from a dosage of intravenous furosemide? 1. Change from atrial fibrillation to NSR, 6 hours after administration. 2. Serum potassium decreased to 3.2 mEq/L 4 hours after administration. 3. Urine specific gravity 1.040, 2 hours after administration. 4. Respiratory rate decreased to 18, 30 minutes after administration. 12 REVIEW QUESTION A nurse is caring for a client on a medication regimen including Rifampin. The client reports a reddish discoloration of his urine. The nurse’s best response is which of the following? 1. Increase your fluid intake to at least 32 ounces of water per day. 2. Obtain a urine analysis, culture and sensitivity. 3. Inform the client that other body fluids may also become discolored. 4. Discontinue the medication and assess the urine for clots or mucous plug