test-bank-for-biological-psychology-13th-edition-by-james-w-kalat

1. Dendrites contain the nuclei, ribosomes, mitochondria, and other structures found in most cells. a. True *b. False 2. Neurons receive information and transmit it to other cells. *a. True b. False 3. Santiago Ramón y Cajal used special staining techniques to reveal that the brain is composed of individual cells. *a. True b. False 4. An efferent axon carries information away from a structure. *a. True b. False 5. The greater the surface area of a dendrite, the more information it can receive from other neurons. *a. True b. False 6. Neurons are distinguished from other cells by their shape. *a. True b. False 7. The role of glial cells is to act like “glue” or scaffolding to support the neurons. a. True *b. False 8. Glial cells transmit information across long distances. a. True *b. False 9. There are two types of glial cells that produce myelin sheath. In the central nervous system, Schwann cells fulfill this role and, in the periphery, oligodendrocytes produce it. a. True Downloaded by Brian Muchoki () lOMoARcPSD| *b. False 10. The blood-brain barrier is made up of closely packed glial cells. a. True *b. False 11. The difference in voltage in a resting neuron is called the resting potential. *a. True b. False 12. Increasing the electrical gradient for potassium will reduce the tendency for potassium ions to exit the neuron. *a. True b. False 13. At the resting potential, the potassium channels are completely closed and the sodium channels are almost closed. a. True *b. False 14. Dr. Skinner is working in the lab measuring the voltage of neurons, and during one condition, she tried to depolarize the neurons from -70 mV to -80 mV. a. True *b. False 15. Action potentials can be produced in the dendrites of some neurons. a. True *b. False 16. The two basic kinds of cells in the nervous system are _____. *a. neurons and glia b. dendrites and axons c. ribosomes and lysosomes d. neurons and axons 17. Santiago Ramon y Cajal demonstrated that ____. Downloaded by Brian Muchoki () lOMoARcPSD| a. at rest, the neuron has a negative charge inside its membrane *b. neurons are separate from one another c. neurons communicate at specialized junctions called synapses d. action potentials follow the all-or-none law 18. Both ____ and ____ shared the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1906. *a. Golgi and Cajal b. Cajal and Sherrington c. Sherrington and Golgi d. Cajal and Kalat 19. Dr. Kimi studies the plasma membrane of neurons. He specifically researches the specialized _____ that allow in important things like water, oxygen, sodium, and so on. a. lipid channels *b. protein channels c. lipid receptors d. protein receptors 20. Neurons differ most strongly from other body cells in their ____. a. temperature *b. shape c. osmotic pressure d. mitochondria 21. What do neurons have that other cells do not? a. A plasma membrane *b. Large, branching extensions c. Protein channels d. An endoplasmic reticulum 22. Dr. McLaughlin’s lab studies how newly formed proteins are folded inside neurons. They would be most interested in studying the _____. a. endoplasmic reticulum b. mitochondria *c. ribosomes d. nucleus 23. Water, oxygen, and ____ freely flow across a cell membrane.