PANCE practice test Questions And Answers Rated A

PANCE practice test Questions And Answers Rated A What do pirmented granular "muddy" casts indicate in the setting of oliguria? Correct Answer: Acute tubular necrosis How can hyperphosphatemia be treated? Correct Answer: aluminum hydroxide What is the genetic basis for a patient with disproportionately small legs and arms, frontal bossing and mindfacial hypoplasia? Correct Answer: autosomal recessive Besides extreme growth what other symptoms can a patient with acromegaly have? Correct Answer: headaches, visual field defects, weakness, soft doughy hands, and amenorrhea **kids have giganticism What is the cause of acromegaly? Correct Answer: Excess growth hormone How should X-rays be done to diagnosis SCFE (slipped femoral epiphysis)? Correct Answer: Frog leg position What are the personality characterisitics of schizoid personality disorder? Correct Answer: restricted range of emotion, being a loner, chosing solitary activities What drugs are used to help treat the bradykinesia of Parkinson's? Correct Answer: amantadine, levodopa, selective MOAis How do anticholinergics help treat Parkinson's? Correct Answer: they help treat the tremor and rigidity What are the findings associated with intussusception? Correct Answer: presents 6-18 months of age drawing up of the knees currant jelly stool sausage-shaped mass in upper abdomen Wha tis the most common cause of subacute endocarditis Correct Answer: Strep. viridans In adults without significant risk factors how often should fasting lipid profiles be obtained? Correct Answer: every 5 years How is Raynaud's disease treated? Correct Answer: CCBs What are Janeway's lesions? Correct Answer: small hemorrhagic lesions on the skin seen in endocarditis What are Osler's nodes? Correct Answer: painful red, raised lesion seen in endocardititis What are Roth's spots? Correct Answer: exudative retinal lesions seen in endocarditis A pancytopenia with circulating blasts is characteristic of______________ Correct Answer: acute leukemia How is acute myeloid leukemia differentiated from lymphoblastic leukemia? Correct Answer: Auer's rods or myeloid enzymes like peroxidase are seen in AML What geene is associated with chronic myeloid leukemia? Correct Answer: bcr/abl gene and phildelphia chromosome What are the treatments of acute-closure glaucoma? Correct Answer: IV acetazolamide, possibly mannitol if very severe, later topical pilocarpine can be used to reverse underlying angle closure and later surgery iridotomy/iridectomy How does IgA nephropathy present? Correct Answer: usually after URI and presents with hematuria and proteinuria Dorsal angulation of the wrist is commonly seen in___________ Correct Answer: Colle's fracture What drugs should be avoided in patients with G6PD deficiency? Correct Answer: sufa-containing drugs like Bactrim, nirtorfurantoin, because they can cause hemolytic crisis What infection is associated with Guillan Barre? Correct Answer: Campylobacter What causes molluscum contagiosum? Correct Answer: poxvirus Posterior cerebral artery occlusion can cause what neurological manifestation? Correct Answer: Alexia- inability to understand written words Middle cerebral artery occlusion can cause what neurological manifestation? Correct Answer: homonymous hemianopia Horner's syndrome is associated with what cerebral artery occlusion? Correct Answer: Posterior inferior artery occlusion What is a physical exam test used to help diagnosis thoracic outlet syndrome? Correct Answer: Elevated stress test: arm exteneded and externally rotated with the patient opening and closing hands for 3 min When is transphenoidal surgery indicated for a prolactinoma? Correct Answer: When the adenoma is 3cm, otherwise Bromocriptine a dopamine agonist is the treatment of choice What disease does cryptococcus neoformans cause? Correct Answer: meningoencephalitis and pneumonia usually in an immunocompromised pt, has a capsule and budding yeast with India Ink dye What is heistoplasmosis? Correct Answer: fungal infection of lungs or retina often seen in HIV patients What are some manifestations of Vitamin A deficiency? What is it typically caused by in the U.S.? Correct Answer: night blindness, xerosis of junctiva, Bitot's spots (white patches on conjunctiva) - typically caused by fat malabsorption or mineral oil laxative abuse What is the triad associated with niacin deficiency? Correct Answer: pellagra with diarrhea, dematitis and dementia What is asbestos exposure linked to? Correct Answer: mesothelioma and peuritic plaques HOw does acute glaucoma present? PE findings? Correct Answer: visual acutiy is decreased corena is steamy/cloudy pupil is dilated and fixed redness may be diffuse or a reddish violet flush around the limbus green rimming to the iris is associated with ___________? Correct Answer: Keyser-Fleischer rings- Wilson's disease What causes an S3? Correct Answer: It is highly suggestive of heart failure It is due to increased resistance to ventricular filling during passive atrial emptying What causes an S4? Correct