BCAT EXAM STUDY SHEET
Deficits in Social Emotional Reciprocity correct answerRange from abnormal social approach and failure
of normal back and forth conversations; to reduced sharing of interests, emotions, or affect: to failure to
initiate or respond to social interactions.
Deficits in nonverbal communicative behaviors used for social interaction correct answerManifested by
absent, reduced, or atypical use of eye contact (relative to cultural norms), gestures, facial expressions,
body orientation, or speech intonation.
Deficits in developing maintaining and understanding relationships correct answerRanging from
difficulties adjusting behavior to suit various social context; to difficulties in sharing imaginative play or
in making friends; to absence of interest in peers
Stereotyped or repetitive motor movements, use of objects or speech correct answerSimple motor
stereotypies, lining up toys or flipping objects, echolalia, idiosyncratic phrases (language with a private
meaning; only makes sense to those familiar with the situation where the phrases came from)
Insistence on sameness, inflexible adherence to routines, or ritualized patterns of verbal or non-verbal
behavior correct answerExtreme distress at small changes, difficulties with transitions, rigid thinking
patterns, greeting rituals, need to take same route or eat same food everyday
Highly restricted, fixated interests that are abnormal in intensity or focus correct answerStrong
attachment to or preoccupation with unusual objects, excessively circumscribed or perseverative
interest
Hyper or Hypo reactivity to sensory input or unusual interests in sensory aspects of environment correct
answerApparent indifference to pain/ temperature, adverse response to specific sounds or textures,
excessive smelling or touching of objects, visual fascination with lights or movement.
, Levels of severity across social communication and restrictive, repetitive behaviors correct answerLevel
1 Requiring support
Level 2 Requiring substantial support
Level 3 Requiring very substantial support
Postive Reinforcement correct answerSally took off her shoe independently yesterday, her mother
clapped her hands and said, "Way to go Sally!" Sally took her shoes off independently again today. The
clapping and "way to go" were the postive reinforcer.
Negative Reinforcement correct answerWhen you start your car, an annoying noise is sounded. The
noise turns off when you put your seatbelt on. The next time you get in the car you put your seatbelt on
before you start the car, so you do not hear the noise.
Postive Punishment correct answerJose hit Lisa because he wanted her to play with him. The teacher
reprimands Jose and told him not to hit her again. Jose then asked Lisa to play with him the next day.
Research regarding treatment intensity correct answerComprehensive undertaking that involves the
child's entire family and a team of professionals. One-on-one treatment 30-40 hours per week
Early intensive behavioral intervention research correct answerABA (Applied Behavior Analysis) Early
intensive intervention helps all ages, but those who start before age 2 were most likely to make
dramatic gains.
Foundational Autism Research correct answerIAN (Interactive Autism Network) a project collecting
information online from families of children with autism, ABA which may help build the foundation for
later social skills training
Difference between evidence-based interventions vs. non-evidence based interventions correct answer-
Evidence-based: a body of formal research indicates the effectiveness of the treatment. (occupational
Deficits in Social Emotional Reciprocity correct answerRange from abnormal social approach and failure
of normal back and forth conversations; to reduced sharing of interests, emotions, or affect: to failure to
initiate or respond to social interactions.
Deficits in nonverbal communicative behaviors used for social interaction correct answerManifested by
absent, reduced, or atypical use of eye contact (relative to cultural norms), gestures, facial expressions,
body orientation, or speech intonation.
Deficits in developing maintaining and understanding relationships correct answerRanging from
difficulties adjusting behavior to suit various social context; to difficulties in sharing imaginative play or
in making friends; to absence of interest in peers
Stereotyped or repetitive motor movements, use of objects or speech correct answerSimple motor
stereotypies, lining up toys or flipping objects, echolalia, idiosyncratic phrases (language with a private
meaning; only makes sense to those familiar with the situation where the phrases came from)
Insistence on sameness, inflexible adherence to routines, or ritualized patterns of verbal or non-verbal
behavior correct answerExtreme distress at small changes, difficulties with transitions, rigid thinking
patterns, greeting rituals, need to take same route or eat same food everyday
Highly restricted, fixated interests that are abnormal in intensity or focus correct answerStrong
attachment to or preoccupation with unusual objects, excessively circumscribed or perseverative
interest
Hyper or Hypo reactivity to sensory input or unusual interests in sensory aspects of environment correct
answerApparent indifference to pain/ temperature, adverse response to specific sounds or textures,
excessive smelling or touching of objects, visual fascination with lights or movement.
, Levels of severity across social communication and restrictive, repetitive behaviors correct answerLevel
1 Requiring support
Level 2 Requiring substantial support
Level 3 Requiring very substantial support
Postive Reinforcement correct answerSally took off her shoe independently yesterday, her mother
clapped her hands and said, "Way to go Sally!" Sally took her shoes off independently again today. The
clapping and "way to go" were the postive reinforcer.
Negative Reinforcement correct answerWhen you start your car, an annoying noise is sounded. The
noise turns off when you put your seatbelt on. The next time you get in the car you put your seatbelt on
before you start the car, so you do not hear the noise.
Postive Punishment correct answerJose hit Lisa because he wanted her to play with him. The teacher
reprimands Jose and told him not to hit her again. Jose then asked Lisa to play with him the next day.
Research regarding treatment intensity correct answerComprehensive undertaking that involves the
child's entire family and a team of professionals. One-on-one treatment 30-40 hours per week
Early intensive behavioral intervention research correct answerABA (Applied Behavior Analysis) Early
intensive intervention helps all ages, but those who start before age 2 were most likely to make
dramatic gains.
Foundational Autism Research correct answerIAN (Interactive Autism Network) a project collecting
information online from families of children with autism, ABA which may help build the foundation for
later social skills training
Difference between evidence-based interventions vs. non-evidence based interventions correct answer-
Evidence-based: a body of formal research indicates the effectiveness of the treatment. (occupational
