Chapter 1
ENERGY
I. Objective:
❖ Understand the roles of energy in one’s life.
❖ Recognize oxidation/reduction half reactions.
❖ Describe oxidation/reduction process that produces free metals.
II. Theories/ Concepts
ENERGY is the capacity to do work.
HEAT is a form of energy that flows between two samples of matter because of
temperature gradient.
SUN is the grandest source of energy of mankind. The sunlight striking the earth keeps
the land and ocean warm; evaporates water, causes plants to grow, etc.
GEN. TYPES OF ENERGY:
1. POTENTIAL ENERGY
❖ energy of position. Example: stationary rock on a cliff/apple on its branch
2. KiNETIC ENERGY
❖ energy in motion. Example: A falling apple on the ground/a falling rock on the
valley
FORMS OF ENERGY:
1.Chemical energy
2. electrochemical energy
, 3. mechanical energy
4. electrical energy
KINDS OF ENERGY:
1. Solar energy
2. Geothermal energy
3. Tidal energy
4. Hydrothermal energy
5. Wind energy
6. Nuclear energy
7. Energy from Biomass
KINETIC MOLECULAR THEORY concept that energy is related to molecular motion; the
theory that relates properties of a gas, such as pressure, speed of diffusion to molecular
behavior.
EXOTHERMIC REACTION
❖ reaction which produces heat; releases heat and energy.
Example: CH4 +2O2>>>>>CO2 +2H2O
ENDOTHERMIC REACTION
❖ reaction which need heat added from the outside in order to occur ; absorbs
heat and energy
Example: H2O +C>>>>>>CO+H2
LAW OF CONSERVATION OF ENERGY
❖ Energy can neither be created nor be destroyed but it can be transformed
from one form to another.
ENERGY
I. Objective:
❖ Understand the roles of energy in one’s life.
❖ Recognize oxidation/reduction half reactions.
❖ Describe oxidation/reduction process that produces free metals.
II. Theories/ Concepts
ENERGY is the capacity to do work.
HEAT is a form of energy that flows between two samples of matter because of
temperature gradient.
SUN is the grandest source of energy of mankind. The sunlight striking the earth keeps
the land and ocean warm; evaporates water, causes plants to grow, etc.
GEN. TYPES OF ENERGY:
1. POTENTIAL ENERGY
❖ energy of position. Example: stationary rock on a cliff/apple on its branch
2. KiNETIC ENERGY
❖ energy in motion. Example: A falling apple on the ground/a falling rock on the
valley
FORMS OF ENERGY:
1.Chemical energy
2. electrochemical energy
, 3. mechanical energy
4. electrical energy
KINDS OF ENERGY:
1. Solar energy
2. Geothermal energy
3. Tidal energy
4. Hydrothermal energy
5. Wind energy
6. Nuclear energy
7. Energy from Biomass
KINETIC MOLECULAR THEORY concept that energy is related to molecular motion; the
theory that relates properties of a gas, such as pressure, speed of diffusion to molecular
behavior.
EXOTHERMIC REACTION
❖ reaction which produces heat; releases heat and energy.
Example: CH4 +2O2>>>>>CO2 +2H2O
ENDOTHERMIC REACTION
❖ reaction which need heat added from the outside in order to occur ; absorbs
heat and energy
Example: H2O +C>>>>>>CO+H2
LAW OF CONSERVATION OF ENERGY
❖ Energy can neither be created nor be destroyed but it can be transformed
from one form to another.
