Bio 140 Final Exam| 360 QUESTIONS| WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
What are the steps in the scientific method? Correct Answer: -exploration and
discovery
-testing ideas
-community analysis and feedback
-benefits and outcomes
The human body consist mainly of what elements? Correct Answer: oxygen,
carbon, and hydrogen
What is the central dogma? Correct Answer: DNA -> RNA -> Protein
When simple compounds are combined into more complex molecules, the entropy
inside the cell __________. Correct Answer: decreases
When energy is released as heat, what happens to the entropy? Correct Answer:
the entropy increases
What two elements make up 99% of matter? Correct Answer: hydrogen and
helium
What is the first law of thermodynamics? Correct Answer: energy can neither be
created nor destroyed; it can only be transformed from one form to another
What is the second law of thermodynamics? Correct Answer: the degree of
disorder in the universe tends to increase
The amount of disorder in a system is the ________ of the system. Correct
Answer: entropy
What is the main difference between Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes? Correct
Answer: prokaryotes do not have a nucleus
Define metabolism Correct Answer: chemical reactions by which cells convert
energy from one form to another and build and breakdown molecules
What is an ion? Correct Answer: a charged atom
,Loss of an electron is a Correct Answer: cation
Gain of an electron is a Correct Answer: anion
What makes up a mass number? Correct Answer: protons and neutrons
The further the electrons are from the nucleus of an atom the _________ stable
they are Correct Answer: less stable
Carbon has how many valence electrons? Correct Answer: 4
What is unique about the rows of the periodic table? Correct Answer: they have
the same number of shells and orbitals
What is unique about the columns of the periodic table? Correct Answer: same
number of valence electrons
What are the three shapes carbon is usually found in? Correct Answer: -
tetrahedron
-pyramidal
-linear
Why could carbon form a linear bond? Correct Answer: because three carbon
could form double bonds
Define isomer Correct Answer: same atoms different arrangements
Define covalent bonds Correct Answer: chemical bond that involves the sharing of
electron pairs between atoms
What is needed to break a covalent bond? Correct Answer: enzyme
Are non-covalent bonds weak or strong? Correct Answer: weak
What is needed to break non-covalent bonds? Correct Answer: heat
What are the types of non-covalent bonds? Correct Answer: -ionic
-hydrogen
, What are the categories of covalent bonds? Correct Answer: -polar
-non-polar
Does oxygen share electrons equally? Correct Answer: no
what is the partial charge of oxygen in water? Correct Answer: negative
What is the partial charge of hydrogen in water? Correct Answer: positive
Finding electronegativity Correct Answer:
Electronengative atoms will have a __________ negative charge. Correct Answer:
partial
Define hydrogen bond Correct Answer: weak "attraction" between electronegative
atom and a hydrogen bonded to an electronegative atom
What bonds holds oxygen and hydrogen together in a water molecule? Correct
Answer: covalent bonds
Define ionic bond Correct Answer: Formed when electrons are transferred from
one atom to another and for ions
Define Van der Waals forces Correct Answer: weak attraction between atoms due
to electron asymmetries
What is an importance of Van der Waals forces? Correct Answer: hold fatty acid
tails together
Is an ionic bond partial or full charge? Correct Answer: full charge
Is a hydrogen bond partial or full charge? Correct Answer: partial
Is an Van der Wall partial or full charge? Correct Answer: partial
The more acidic, the ____ the PH. Correct Answer: lower
The more basic, the _____ the pH. Correct Answer: higher
pH =? Correct Answer: -log[H+]
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
What are the steps in the scientific method? Correct Answer: -exploration and
discovery
-testing ideas
-community analysis and feedback
-benefits and outcomes
The human body consist mainly of what elements? Correct Answer: oxygen,
carbon, and hydrogen
What is the central dogma? Correct Answer: DNA -> RNA -> Protein
When simple compounds are combined into more complex molecules, the entropy
inside the cell __________. Correct Answer: decreases
When energy is released as heat, what happens to the entropy? Correct Answer:
the entropy increases
What two elements make up 99% of matter? Correct Answer: hydrogen and
helium
What is the first law of thermodynamics? Correct Answer: energy can neither be
created nor destroyed; it can only be transformed from one form to another
What is the second law of thermodynamics? Correct Answer: the degree of
disorder in the universe tends to increase
The amount of disorder in a system is the ________ of the system. Correct
Answer: entropy
What is the main difference between Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes? Correct
Answer: prokaryotes do not have a nucleus
Define metabolism Correct Answer: chemical reactions by which cells convert
energy from one form to another and build and breakdown molecules
What is an ion? Correct Answer: a charged atom
,Loss of an electron is a Correct Answer: cation
Gain of an electron is a Correct Answer: anion
What makes up a mass number? Correct Answer: protons and neutrons
The further the electrons are from the nucleus of an atom the _________ stable
they are Correct Answer: less stable
Carbon has how many valence electrons? Correct Answer: 4
What is unique about the rows of the periodic table? Correct Answer: they have
the same number of shells and orbitals
What is unique about the columns of the periodic table? Correct Answer: same
number of valence electrons
What are the three shapes carbon is usually found in? Correct Answer: -
tetrahedron
-pyramidal
-linear
Why could carbon form a linear bond? Correct Answer: because three carbon
could form double bonds
Define isomer Correct Answer: same atoms different arrangements
Define covalent bonds Correct Answer: chemical bond that involves the sharing of
electron pairs between atoms
What is needed to break a covalent bond? Correct Answer: enzyme
Are non-covalent bonds weak or strong? Correct Answer: weak
What is needed to break non-covalent bonds? Correct Answer: heat
What are the types of non-covalent bonds? Correct Answer: -ionic
-hydrogen
, What are the categories of covalent bonds? Correct Answer: -polar
-non-polar
Does oxygen share electrons equally? Correct Answer: no
what is the partial charge of oxygen in water? Correct Answer: negative
What is the partial charge of hydrogen in water? Correct Answer: positive
Finding electronegativity Correct Answer:
Electronengative atoms will have a __________ negative charge. Correct Answer:
partial
Define hydrogen bond Correct Answer: weak "attraction" between electronegative
atom and a hydrogen bonded to an electronegative atom
What bonds holds oxygen and hydrogen together in a water molecule? Correct
Answer: covalent bonds
Define ionic bond Correct Answer: Formed when electrons are transferred from
one atom to another and for ions
Define Van der Waals forces Correct Answer: weak attraction between atoms due
to electron asymmetries
What is an importance of Van der Waals forces? Correct Answer: hold fatty acid
tails together
Is an ionic bond partial or full charge? Correct Answer: full charge
Is a hydrogen bond partial or full charge? Correct Answer: partial
Is an Van der Wall partial or full charge? Correct Answer: partial
The more acidic, the ____ the PH. Correct Answer: lower
The more basic, the _____ the pH. Correct Answer: higher
pH =? Correct Answer: -log[H+]
