JMU BIO 150| 132 questions| with complete solutions
Genetic Diversity Correct Answer: the total genetic information contained with all individuals of a
species, population, or community.
Species diversity Correct Answer: diversity of species present in a community
Species richness Correct Answer: number of species in a given area
Species evenness Correct Answer: the relative abundance of an different species making up an area and
its richness
Ecosystem diversity Correct Answer: measure of the variety of biotic components in a region along with
abiotic components
Ecosystem functioning Correct Answer: dependent on interacting member organisms with their
environments
System stability Correct Answer: diverse systems are more resilient after and resistant to disturbances
Ecosystem productivity Correct Answer: diverse systems have higher net primary productivity (more
chemical energy in a system)
Ecosystem services Correct Answer: all direct and indirect benefits that humans derive from organisms
and ecosystems
Latitudinal diversity gradient Correct Answer: increase in species diversity from the poles of the equator
Endemic species Correct Answer: species found in one place in the world and nowhere else
Fluxes Correct Answer: rates at which carbon flows from one reservoir to another
Biomineralization Correct Answer: the precipitation of minerals by organisms, as in the formation of
skeletons
Plant tectonics Correct Answer: dynamic movement of our planet's outer layer
Greenhouse gas Correct Answer: allows incoming solar radiation to reach Earth's surface but traps heat
that is remitted from land and sea.
Community Correct Answer: set of all populations found in a given place
Primary producers Correct Answer: plants... generate organic molecules by photosynthesis
Primary consumers Correct Answer: consume primary producers
Secondary consumers Correct Answer: consume primary consumers
, Biodiversity Correct Answer: the product of evolution
Antibiotic resistance Correct Answer: resistant to dying
Evolution Correct Answer: change in the genetic composition of a population from one generation to
the next.
Horizontal gene transfer Correct Answer: organism incorporates genetic materials from another
without it being its offspring
Natural selection Correct Answer: process in which organisms with certain inherited traits are more
likely to survive and reproduce than those without the trait
Adaptation Correct Answer: inherited traits that enhances the fitness of an individual in a given
environment
Biological fitness Correct Answer: the relative survival and reproduction of one variant compared to
others in the same population
Variation Correct Answer: individuals in a population vary in their traits
Inheritance Correct Answer: some of the traits differences are inherited from parents to offspring
Species Correct Answer: consist of individuals that can exchange genetic material through interbreeding
Gene pool Correct Answer: all the alleles present in an individual in the species
Populations Correct Answer: interbreeding groups of organisms of the same species living in the same
geographical area
Somatic Correct Answer: occurring in body's tissues
Germ-line Correct Answer: occurring in reproductive cells
Neutral Correct Answer: having little or no effect on the organisms
Deleterious Correct Answer: harmful effect on the organisms
Advantageous mutation Correct Answer: improve the carrier's chances of survival or reproduction
Allele frequencies Correct Answer: rates of occurrence of alleles in populations
Fixed Correct Answer: exhibits only one allele at a particular gene
Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium Correct Answer: situation where evolution did not occur
Genetic Diversity Correct Answer: the total genetic information contained with all individuals of a
species, population, or community.
Species diversity Correct Answer: diversity of species present in a community
Species richness Correct Answer: number of species in a given area
Species evenness Correct Answer: the relative abundance of an different species making up an area and
its richness
Ecosystem diversity Correct Answer: measure of the variety of biotic components in a region along with
abiotic components
Ecosystem functioning Correct Answer: dependent on interacting member organisms with their
environments
System stability Correct Answer: diverse systems are more resilient after and resistant to disturbances
Ecosystem productivity Correct Answer: diverse systems have higher net primary productivity (more
chemical energy in a system)
Ecosystem services Correct Answer: all direct and indirect benefits that humans derive from organisms
and ecosystems
Latitudinal diversity gradient Correct Answer: increase in species diversity from the poles of the equator
Endemic species Correct Answer: species found in one place in the world and nowhere else
Fluxes Correct Answer: rates at which carbon flows from one reservoir to another
Biomineralization Correct Answer: the precipitation of minerals by organisms, as in the formation of
skeletons
Plant tectonics Correct Answer: dynamic movement of our planet's outer layer
Greenhouse gas Correct Answer: allows incoming solar radiation to reach Earth's surface but traps heat
that is remitted from land and sea.
Community Correct Answer: set of all populations found in a given place
Primary producers Correct Answer: plants... generate organic molecules by photosynthesis
Primary consumers Correct Answer: consume primary producers
Secondary consumers Correct Answer: consume primary consumers
, Biodiversity Correct Answer: the product of evolution
Antibiotic resistance Correct Answer: resistant to dying
Evolution Correct Answer: change in the genetic composition of a population from one generation to
the next.
Horizontal gene transfer Correct Answer: organism incorporates genetic materials from another
without it being its offspring
Natural selection Correct Answer: process in which organisms with certain inherited traits are more
likely to survive and reproduce than those without the trait
Adaptation Correct Answer: inherited traits that enhances the fitness of an individual in a given
environment
Biological fitness Correct Answer: the relative survival and reproduction of one variant compared to
others in the same population
Variation Correct Answer: individuals in a population vary in their traits
Inheritance Correct Answer: some of the traits differences are inherited from parents to offspring
Species Correct Answer: consist of individuals that can exchange genetic material through interbreeding
Gene pool Correct Answer: all the alleles present in an individual in the species
Populations Correct Answer: interbreeding groups of organisms of the same species living in the same
geographical area
Somatic Correct Answer: occurring in body's tissues
Germ-line Correct Answer: occurring in reproductive cells
Neutral Correct Answer: having little or no effect on the organisms
Deleterious Correct Answer: harmful effect on the organisms
Advantageous mutation Correct Answer: improve the carrier's chances of survival or reproduction
Allele frequencies Correct Answer: rates of occurrence of alleles in populations
Fixed Correct Answer: exhibits only one allele at a particular gene
Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium Correct Answer: situation where evolution did not occur
