Cerebral Hemispheres Two biggest parts from the Forebrain. Those are meant
with cerebral cortex
Subcortical regions Regions deeper in the brain, under the cortical surface
Cerebral cortex Out layer from the gray matter from the cerebral
(neocortex) hemispheres. Consist out of glia & cell body, the
dendrites and the connected axons
Sulci/fissure The lines of the brain. Fissure is a big sulcus.
Central Sulcus: Divides the brain in two parts
Rostal: plays role in movement (precentral gyrus)
Caudal: plays role in waarnemen and learning
(postcentral gyrus)
Gyri Hills between the sulci/fissures
Primary visual Part of the posterior occipital lope.
cortex Main entrance for visual signals
Primary auditory Area which gets auditory input
cortex
Primary Gets information from senses from the body (touching)
somatosensory Is contralateral (gives signals to other side of the
cortex brain/body)
Primary motor Area with neurons which are responsible for muscle
cortex movement
Is contralateral
Insular cortex Gets information over taste
Association areas Responsible for steps between the sensation and the
action: waarnemen, learning and remembering, plan
and do
Limbic cortex Lies on the medial edge of the cerebral hemispheres
(part of the limbic system)
Optic chiasm Area where the half from the optic nerves changes from
one side to the other
Olfactory bulb Two lines on the downside of the brain. Come from nose
to the middle of the brain to recognize smell
Functions of the brain parts
Left Analyze information to get important information out of it. is
hemisphere good in recognizing series of actions and controls the order from
movements
Right Specialized in syntheses. Puts together isolated elements and to
hemisphere make a story out of them to recognize
Corpus Hemispheres can communicate through it
, callosum
Association
areas
-Sensory Analyze information which are received by the primary sensory
association cortex.
cortex perception and memory take place here
-Motor Directly controls movements. (Primary motor cortex is piano
association and motor association cortex is the pianist )
cortex
-Frontal Planning and performance of movement
association
cortex
Prefrontal Formulation of plans and strategies
cortex
Cerebral
cortex
-Frontal lobe Motorfunctions and cognitive functions as planning
-parietal lobe Stress, pain, touch, attention and further processing
Left: personal environment
Right: External environment
-Temporal lobe Hearing, memory and language (and further processing of the
input)
-Occipital lobe Vision, touch, locate objects, and direct attention
Telencephalon
-Cerebral Most important fissures:
cortex -central fissure = Line between frontal and parietal lobe
-Longitudinal fissure = Split between two hemispheres
-Lateral fissure = Line that divides temporal lobe from the
frontal and parietal lobe
Three important gyri:
-precentral gyrus
-postcentral gyrus
- superior temporal gyrus
-Limbic Emotions and motivation: Some parts are responsible for
system learning and memory, and other parts (e.g. amygdala and parts
of limbic cortex) are responsible for emotions
Parts of limbic system:
-Amygdala
-Hippocampus
-Fornix
-Cingulate cortex
-Mammilary bodies
-Septum
-Amygdala Responsible for emotions: Feeling and expression of feelings,
emotional memory and recognizing feeling in other people and
with cerebral cortex
Subcortical regions Regions deeper in the brain, under the cortical surface
Cerebral cortex Out layer from the gray matter from the cerebral
(neocortex) hemispheres. Consist out of glia & cell body, the
dendrites and the connected axons
Sulci/fissure The lines of the brain. Fissure is a big sulcus.
Central Sulcus: Divides the brain in two parts
Rostal: plays role in movement (precentral gyrus)
Caudal: plays role in waarnemen and learning
(postcentral gyrus)
Gyri Hills between the sulci/fissures
Primary visual Part of the posterior occipital lope.
cortex Main entrance for visual signals
Primary auditory Area which gets auditory input
cortex
Primary Gets information from senses from the body (touching)
somatosensory Is contralateral (gives signals to other side of the
cortex brain/body)
Primary motor Area with neurons which are responsible for muscle
cortex movement
Is contralateral
Insular cortex Gets information over taste
Association areas Responsible for steps between the sensation and the
action: waarnemen, learning and remembering, plan
and do
Limbic cortex Lies on the medial edge of the cerebral hemispheres
(part of the limbic system)
Optic chiasm Area where the half from the optic nerves changes from
one side to the other
Olfactory bulb Two lines on the downside of the brain. Come from nose
to the middle of the brain to recognize smell
Functions of the brain parts
Left Analyze information to get important information out of it. is
hemisphere good in recognizing series of actions and controls the order from
movements
Right Specialized in syntheses. Puts together isolated elements and to
hemisphere make a story out of them to recognize
Corpus Hemispheres can communicate through it
, callosum
Association
areas
-Sensory Analyze information which are received by the primary sensory
association cortex.
cortex perception and memory take place here
-Motor Directly controls movements. (Primary motor cortex is piano
association and motor association cortex is the pianist )
cortex
-Frontal Planning and performance of movement
association
cortex
Prefrontal Formulation of plans and strategies
cortex
Cerebral
cortex
-Frontal lobe Motorfunctions and cognitive functions as planning
-parietal lobe Stress, pain, touch, attention and further processing
Left: personal environment
Right: External environment
-Temporal lobe Hearing, memory and language (and further processing of the
input)
-Occipital lobe Vision, touch, locate objects, and direct attention
Telencephalon
-Cerebral Most important fissures:
cortex -central fissure = Line between frontal and parietal lobe
-Longitudinal fissure = Split between two hemispheres
-Lateral fissure = Line that divides temporal lobe from the
frontal and parietal lobe
Three important gyri:
-precentral gyrus
-postcentral gyrus
- superior temporal gyrus
-Limbic Emotions and motivation: Some parts are responsible for
system learning and memory, and other parts (e.g. amygdala and parts
of limbic cortex) are responsible for emotions
Parts of limbic system:
-Amygdala
-Hippocampus
-Fornix
-Cingulate cortex
-Mammilary bodies
-Septum
-Amygdala Responsible for emotions: Feeling and expression of feelings,
emotional memory and recognizing feeling in other people and
