Term 3 Week 7/8
Waves Closed Investigation
Table of Contents
1 Introduction....................................................................................................................2
1.1 Background information.........................................................................................................2
2 Aim.................................................................................................................................2
2.1 Experimental question............................................................................................................3
2.2 Hypothesis..............................................................................................................................3
2.3 Aim.........................................................................................................................................3
3 Equipment / Set-up.........................................................................................................3
4 Methodology...................................................................................................................4
4.1 Method...................................................................................................................................4
4.2 Variables.................................................................................................................................4
4.2.1 Independent Variable............................................................................................................................5
4.2.2 Dependant Variable...............................................................................................................................5
4.2.3 Control Variables...................................................................................................................................5
4.3 Safety.....................................................................................................................................5
4.4 Equations for Calculating the Speed of Sound.........................................................................5
5 Results............................................................................................................................5
5.1 Trial 1......................................................................................................................................5
5.2 Trial 2......................................................................................................................................6
5.3 Trial 3......................................................................................................................................6
5.4 Average Velocity Across all Trials............................................................................................6
5.5 Graph......................................................................................................................................7
5.6 Observations..........................................................................................................................7
6 Analysis / Discussion.......................................................................................................7
6.1 Calculation of the Speed of Sound Example – Trial 3...............................................................7
6.2 Error, Uncertainty, Accuracy and Outliers...............................................................................8
6.3 Absolute Error and %Error Calculation Example.....................................................................8
6.4 Analysis of Tabular and Graphical Results...............................................................................9
6.5 Usefulness of Information......................................................................................................9
7 Conclusion.......................................................................................................................9
7.1 Hypothesis, Aim and Experiment Question.............................................................................9
7.2 Experiment Goals and Findings.............................................................................................10
8 Evaluation.....................................................................................................................10
8.1 Sources of Error and Uncertainty..........................................................................................10
1
Johann Lambay and Lachlan Panton
, Term 3 Week 7/8
8.2 Improvements......................................................................................................................10
9 Bibliography..................................................................................................................11
Table of Figures
Figure 1: Picture of Experiment Setup.......................................................................................3
Figure 2: Diagram of Experiment Setup.....................................................................................4
Figure 3: Graph of Results..........................................................................................................7
Table of Equations
Equation 1..................................................................................................................................5
Equation 2..................................................................................................................................5
Table of Tables
Table 1........................................................................................................................................6
Table 2........................................................................................................................................6
Table 3........................................................................................................................................6
Table 4........................................................................................................................................7
1 Introduction
1.1 Background information
The tuning fork was invented by John Sore, a trumpeter. Shortly before his death, he
invented the tuning fork to produce nearly pure tones and now is useful in physics for
producing set frequencies and set sound waves.
(Anon., 2021)
The tuning fork produces frequencies that are forced down the pipe. The 1 st harmonic of the
tuning fork is when the length of the pipe is ¼ the length of the wavelength. This is when
there is an antinode at the closed end and a node at the open end, meaning that only odd
harmonics are possible in a closed pipe.
(Fewings, 2021)
Temperature is a condition in affecting the speed of sound. Heat and sound are both forms
of kinetic energy. When the medium of air is at a higher temperature, the molecules have
more kinetic energy and can vibrate faster which in turn allow sound waves to travel
quicker.
(Anon., 2021)
2 Aim
2
Johann Lambay and Lachlan Panton
Waves Closed Investigation
Table of Contents
1 Introduction....................................................................................................................2
1.1 Background information.........................................................................................................2
2 Aim.................................................................................................................................2
2.1 Experimental question............................................................................................................3
2.2 Hypothesis..............................................................................................................................3
2.3 Aim.........................................................................................................................................3
3 Equipment / Set-up.........................................................................................................3
4 Methodology...................................................................................................................4
4.1 Method...................................................................................................................................4
4.2 Variables.................................................................................................................................4
4.2.1 Independent Variable............................................................................................................................5
4.2.2 Dependant Variable...............................................................................................................................5
4.2.3 Control Variables...................................................................................................................................5
4.3 Safety.....................................................................................................................................5
4.4 Equations for Calculating the Speed of Sound.........................................................................5
5 Results............................................................................................................................5
5.1 Trial 1......................................................................................................................................5
5.2 Trial 2......................................................................................................................................6
5.3 Trial 3......................................................................................................................................6
5.4 Average Velocity Across all Trials............................................................................................6
5.5 Graph......................................................................................................................................7
5.6 Observations..........................................................................................................................7
6 Analysis / Discussion.......................................................................................................7
6.1 Calculation of the Speed of Sound Example – Trial 3...............................................................7
6.2 Error, Uncertainty, Accuracy and Outliers...............................................................................8
6.3 Absolute Error and %Error Calculation Example.....................................................................8
6.4 Analysis of Tabular and Graphical Results...............................................................................9
6.5 Usefulness of Information......................................................................................................9
7 Conclusion.......................................................................................................................9
7.1 Hypothesis, Aim and Experiment Question.............................................................................9
7.2 Experiment Goals and Findings.............................................................................................10
8 Evaluation.....................................................................................................................10
8.1 Sources of Error and Uncertainty..........................................................................................10
1
Johann Lambay and Lachlan Panton
, Term 3 Week 7/8
8.2 Improvements......................................................................................................................10
9 Bibliography..................................................................................................................11
Table of Figures
Figure 1: Picture of Experiment Setup.......................................................................................3
Figure 2: Diagram of Experiment Setup.....................................................................................4
Figure 3: Graph of Results..........................................................................................................7
Table of Equations
Equation 1..................................................................................................................................5
Equation 2..................................................................................................................................5
Table of Tables
Table 1........................................................................................................................................6
Table 2........................................................................................................................................6
Table 3........................................................................................................................................6
Table 4........................................................................................................................................7
1 Introduction
1.1 Background information
The tuning fork was invented by John Sore, a trumpeter. Shortly before his death, he
invented the tuning fork to produce nearly pure tones and now is useful in physics for
producing set frequencies and set sound waves.
(Anon., 2021)
The tuning fork produces frequencies that are forced down the pipe. The 1 st harmonic of the
tuning fork is when the length of the pipe is ¼ the length of the wavelength. This is when
there is an antinode at the closed end and a node at the open end, meaning that only odd
harmonics are possible in a closed pipe.
(Fewings, 2021)
Temperature is a condition in affecting the speed of sound. Heat and sound are both forms
of kinetic energy. When the medium of air is at a higher temperature, the molecules have
more kinetic energy and can vibrate faster which in turn allow sound waves to travel
quicker.
(Anon., 2021)
2 Aim
2
Johann Lambay and Lachlan Panton
