SOCIAL
PSYCHOLOGY Eighth Edition
Michael A. Hogg
Graham M. Vaughan
,SOCIAL
PSYCHOLOGY
Eighth Edition
,Advisory editorial board
Dominic Abrams (University of Kent, England)
Giuseppe Carrus (Roma Tre University, Italy)
Carsten de Dreu (Leiden University, and University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands)
Tom Farsides (University of Sussex, England)
Antonis Gardikiotis (Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece)
Nick Hopkins (University of Dundee, Scotland)
Carmen Huici (Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, Spain)
Thomas Kessler (Friedrich-Schiller Universität Jena, Germany)
Torun Lindholm (Stockholm University, Sweden)
Greg Maio (University of Bath, England)
José Marques (University of Porto, Portugal)
Sabine Otten (University of Groningen, The Netherlands)
Müjde Peker (MEF University, Turkey)
Antonio Pierro (Sapienza University of Rome, Italy)
Michelle Ryan (University of Exeter, England)
Constantine Sedikides (University of Southampton, England)
Paschal Sheeran (University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, USA)
Nicole Tausch (University of St Andrews, Scotland)
Kees van den Bos (University of Utrecht, The Netherlands)
Daan van Knippenberg (Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Netherlands)
Bas Verplanken (University of Bath, England)
Vincent Yzerbyt (Université Catholique de Louvain, Belgium)
Editorial Consultants for the eighth edition
Mhairi Bowe (Nottingham Trent University, England)
Kevin Buchanan (University of Northampton, England)
Rob Lowe (Swansea University, England)
Mei Mason-Li (Southampton Solent University, England)
Laura McGrath (University of East London, England)
Paul Muff (University of Bradford, England)
, Eighth Edition
SOCIAL
PSYCHOLOGY
Michael A. Hogg
Claremont Graduate University
Graham M. Vaughan
University of Auckland
Harlow, England • London • New York • Boston • San Francisco • Toronto • Sydney • Dubai • Singapore • Hong Kong
Tokyo • Seoul • Taipei • New Delhi • Cape Town • São Paulo • Mexico City • Madrid • Amsterdam • Munich • Paris • Milan
PSYCHOLOGY Eighth Edition
Michael A. Hogg
Graham M. Vaughan
,SOCIAL
PSYCHOLOGY
Eighth Edition
,Advisory editorial board
Dominic Abrams (University of Kent, England)
Giuseppe Carrus (Roma Tre University, Italy)
Carsten de Dreu (Leiden University, and University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands)
Tom Farsides (University of Sussex, England)
Antonis Gardikiotis (Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece)
Nick Hopkins (University of Dundee, Scotland)
Carmen Huici (Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, Spain)
Thomas Kessler (Friedrich-Schiller Universität Jena, Germany)
Torun Lindholm (Stockholm University, Sweden)
Greg Maio (University of Bath, England)
José Marques (University of Porto, Portugal)
Sabine Otten (University of Groningen, The Netherlands)
Müjde Peker (MEF University, Turkey)
Antonio Pierro (Sapienza University of Rome, Italy)
Michelle Ryan (University of Exeter, England)
Constantine Sedikides (University of Southampton, England)
Paschal Sheeran (University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, USA)
Nicole Tausch (University of St Andrews, Scotland)
Kees van den Bos (University of Utrecht, The Netherlands)
Daan van Knippenberg (Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Netherlands)
Bas Verplanken (University of Bath, England)
Vincent Yzerbyt (Université Catholique de Louvain, Belgium)
Editorial Consultants for the eighth edition
Mhairi Bowe (Nottingham Trent University, England)
Kevin Buchanan (University of Northampton, England)
Rob Lowe (Swansea University, England)
Mei Mason-Li (Southampton Solent University, England)
Laura McGrath (University of East London, England)
Paul Muff (University of Bradford, England)
, Eighth Edition
SOCIAL
PSYCHOLOGY
Michael A. Hogg
Claremont Graduate University
Graham M. Vaughan
University of Auckland
Harlow, England • London • New York • Boston • San Francisco • Toronto • Sydney • Dubai • Singapore • Hong Kong
Tokyo • Seoul • Taipei • New Delhi • Cape Town • São Paulo • Mexico City • Madrid • Amsterdam • Munich • Paris • Milan