BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPUTER PROGRAMMING
TIMELINE OF DEVELOPMENT OF TECHNOLOGIES
1. 1822: English mathematician Charles Babbage conceives of a steam-driven calculating
machine that would be able to compute tables of numbers.
2. 1936: Alan Turing presents the notion of a universal machine, later called the Turing
machine, capable of computing anything that is computable.
3. 1939: Hewlett-Packard is founded by David Packard and Bill Hewlett in a Palo Alto,
California, garage, according to the Computer History Museum.
4. 1943-1944: Two University of Pennsylvania professors, John Mauchly and J. Presper
Eckert, build the Electronic Numerical Integrator and Calculator (ENIAC). Considered the
grandfather of digital computers, it fills a 20-foot by 40-foot room and has 18,000 vacuum
tubes.
5. 1946: Mauchly and Presper built the UNIVAC, the first commercial computer for
business and government applications.
6. 1953: Grace Hopper develops the first computer language, which eventually becomes
known as COBOL.
7. 1954: The FORTRAN programming language, an acronym for Formula Translation, is
developed by a team of programmers at IBM led by John Backus, according to the
University of Michigan.
8. 1958: Jack Kilby and Robert Noyce unveil the integrated circuit, known as the computer
chip.
9. 1964: Douglas Engelbart shows a prototype of the modern computer, with a mouse and
a graphical user interface (GUI). This marks the evolution of the computer from a
specialized machine for scientists and mathematicians to technology that is more
accessible to the general public.
10. 1969: A group of developers at Bell Labs produce UNIX, an operating system that
addressed compatibility issues. Written in the C programming language, UNIX was
portable across multiple platforms and became the operating system of choice among
mainframes at large companies and government entities.
11. 1970: The newly formed Intel unveils the Intel 1103, the first Dynamic Access Memory
(DRAM) chip.
12. 1971: Alan Shugart leads a team of IBM engineers who invent the "floppy disk"
allowing data to be shared among computers.
13. 1973: Robert Metcalfe, a member of the research staff for Xerox, develops Ethernet for
connecting multiple computers and other hardware.
14. 1976: Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak start Apple Computers on April Fool's Day and roll
out the Apple I, the first computer with a single-circuit board, according to Stanford
University.
FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPUTER PROGRAMMING
TIMELINE OF DEVELOPMENT OF TECHNOLOGIES
1. 1822: English mathematician Charles Babbage conceives of a steam-driven calculating
machine that would be able to compute tables of numbers.
2. 1936: Alan Turing presents the notion of a universal machine, later called the Turing
machine, capable of computing anything that is computable.
3. 1939: Hewlett-Packard is founded by David Packard and Bill Hewlett in a Palo Alto,
California, garage, according to the Computer History Museum.
4. 1943-1944: Two University of Pennsylvania professors, John Mauchly and J. Presper
Eckert, build the Electronic Numerical Integrator and Calculator (ENIAC). Considered the
grandfather of digital computers, it fills a 20-foot by 40-foot room and has 18,000 vacuum
tubes.
5. 1946: Mauchly and Presper built the UNIVAC, the first commercial computer for
business and government applications.
6. 1953: Grace Hopper develops the first computer language, which eventually becomes
known as COBOL.
7. 1954: The FORTRAN programming language, an acronym for Formula Translation, is
developed by a team of programmers at IBM led by John Backus, according to the
University of Michigan.
8. 1958: Jack Kilby and Robert Noyce unveil the integrated circuit, known as the computer
chip.
9. 1964: Douglas Engelbart shows a prototype of the modern computer, with a mouse and
a graphical user interface (GUI). This marks the evolution of the computer from a
specialized machine for scientists and mathematicians to technology that is more
accessible to the general public.
10. 1969: A group of developers at Bell Labs produce UNIX, an operating system that
addressed compatibility issues. Written in the C programming language, UNIX was
portable across multiple platforms and became the operating system of choice among
mainframes at large companies and government entities.
11. 1970: The newly formed Intel unveils the Intel 1103, the first Dynamic Access Memory
(DRAM) chip.
12. 1971: Alan Shugart leads a team of IBM engineers who invent the "floppy disk"
allowing data to be shared among computers.
13. 1973: Robert Metcalfe, a member of the research staff for Xerox, develops Ethernet for
connecting multiple computers and other hardware.
14. 1976: Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak start Apple Computers on April Fool's Day and roll
out the Apple I, the first computer with a single-circuit board, according to Stanford
University.
