Microbiology E-Learning Compilation
GI-HEP
Table of Content
Gastrointestinal viruses
Viral hepatitis
Food poisoning
Gram negative bacilli : Salmonella/Shigella/Campylobacter
Anaerobes/Peritonitis
Herpes virus
Spirochaetes
Contributor Team:
Noor Khairiah Kamaludin
Abdul Rasyid Nasir
Ahmad Zafrullah Afham Ahmad Fikri
Nur Hamizah Che Hashim
Muhammad Iqbal A Ghani
Unnamed Seniors (Special for Gi-Hep)
Editor:
Muhammad Iqbal A Ghani
Disclaimer
All the materials belong and copyrighted to Microbiology Department of RCSI. The compilation only meant to be helping the student
studying throughout the haunting IC1 Microbiology Module. We, the contributors do not held any responsibility regarding the material.
This copy cans freely circulating for student by no business means – if you pay for this, ask your money back-. Specially for RCSI Buddies
2008-2013. The Editor would like to thank the contributors for the effort and everything and those who involve directly or indirectly.
Credit to Microsoft Word 2007 and Adobe Acrobat Pro Extended.
,“this page intentionally left blank”
, Gastrointestinal (GI) viruses
Table of Contents
1. Gastrointestinal (GI) viruses
2. Rotaviruses
3. Caliciviruses (Norovirus) and Astroviruses
4. Adenoviruses
1. Gastrointestinal (GI) viruses
Which viruses constitute the GI viruses and why?
The GI viruses comprise:
1. Rotavirus
2. Norovirus
3. Astrovirus
4. Calicivirus
5. Adenovirus
These viruses are grouped together because of three features in common: -
(a) They have all been discovered within the past 25 years.
(b) They were all isolated from patients with diarrhoea.
(c) They do not grow in cell cultures routinely used for virus isolation.
In the 1950's there were many cases of diarrhoea particularly in children where no
bacterial cause could be found and where virus isolation studies were negative for the
enteroviruses and adenoviruses. While it was presumed other viruses were
responsible, it was not until the electron microscopic (EM) was employed and the use
of immune sera to coat or aggregate the virus particles, that these other enteric viruses
were described in association with diarrhoea particularly in infants and children.
2. Rotaviruses
How important is rotavirus and how did it get its name?
It is considered to be the most common microbial cause of diarrhoea in infants. At
present there is great interest in developing a vaccine which may soon be incorporated
into the childhood vaccination programme.
, It is called rotavirus because of its appearance on EM, where the capsid margin
resembles the rim of a wheel encircling radiating spokes from the inner hublike core.
GI-HEP
Table of Content
Gastrointestinal viruses
Viral hepatitis
Food poisoning
Gram negative bacilli : Salmonella/Shigella/Campylobacter
Anaerobes/Peritonitis
Herpes virus
Spirochaetes
Contributor Team:
Noor Khairiah Kamaludin
Abdul Rasyid Nasir
Ahmad Zafrullah Afham Ahmad Fikri
Nur Hamizah Che Hashim
Muhammad Iqbal A Ghani
Unnamed Seniors (Special for Gi-Hep)
Editor:
Muhammad Iqbal A Ghani
Disclaimer
All the materials belong and copyrighted to Microbiology Department of RCSI. The compilation only meant to be helping the student
studying throughout the haunting IC1 Microbiology Module. We, the contributors do not held any responsibility regarding the material.
This copy cans freely circulating for student by no business means – if you pay for this, ask your money back-. Specially for RCSI Buddies
2008-2013. The Editor would like to thank the contributors for the effort and everything and those who involve directly or indirectly.
Credit to Microsoft Word 2007 and Adobe Acrobat Pro Extended.
,“this page intentionally left blank”
, Gastrointestinal (GI) viruses
Table of Contents
1. Gastrointestinal (GI) viruses
2. Rotaviruses
3. Caliciviruses (Norovirus) and Astroviruses
4. Adenoviruses
1. Gastrointestinal (GI) viruses
Which viruses constitute the GI viruses and why?
The GI viruses comprise:
1. Rotavirus
2. Norovirus
3. Astrovirus
4. Calicivirus
5. Adenovirus
These viruses are grouped together because of three features in common: -
(a) They have all been discovered within the past 25 years.
(b) They were all isolated from patients with diarrhoea.
(c) They do not grow in cell cultures routinely used for virus isolation.
In the 1950's there were many cases of diarrhoea particularly in children where no
bacterial cause could be found and where virus isolation studies were negative for the
enteroviruses and adenoviruses. While it was presumed other viruses were
responsible, it was not until the electron microscopic (EM) was employed and the use
of immune sera to coat or aggregate the virus particles, that these other enteric viruses
were described in association with diarrhoea particularly in infants and children.
2. Rotaviruses
How important is rotavirus and how did it get its name?
It is considered to be the most common microbial cause of diarrhoea in infants. At
present there is great interest in developing a vaccine which may soon be incorporated
into the childhood vaccination programme.
, It is called rotavirus because of its appearance on EM, where the capsid margin
resembles the rim of a wheel encircling radiating spokes from the inner hublike core.
