Test Bank for Essentials of Life Span-Development 2nd Edition by Santrock

Test Bank for Essentials of Life Span-Development 2nd Edition by Santrock



CHAPTER 2: BIOLOGICAL BEGINNINGS


Multiple Choice Questions

1. The study of human evolution was first explored by:
a. Sigmund Freud.
b. Charles Darwin.
c. Stephen Hawking.
d. Wilhelm Wundt.
Answer: b
Author: Santrock
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Refer to: Natural Selection and Adaptive Behavior

2. According to evolutionary theory, there is a specific reason that certain animals live in the regions
that they do. Polar bears, for instance, are found only in the Arctic regions of the world.An evolutionary
theorist would say that the polar bear was best adapted for this type of environment, unlike a grizzly
bear, who would freeze to death. In this case, the polar bear is a good example of:
a. how to keep warm.
b. adaptive coloration.
c. natural selection.
d. the idea that all creatures have their own niche.
Answer: c
Author: Santrock
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applied
Refer to: Natural Selection and Adaptive Behavior

3. Evolutionary psychology suggests that the way in which people develop is:
a. adaptive.
b. maladaptive.
c. random and based on chance.
d. based on their particular genetics.
Answer: a
Author: Santrock
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Conceptual
Refer to: Evolutionary Psychology

4. Which of the following animals has the largest brain?
a. Lemur
b. Gibbon
c. Rhesus
d. Gorilla
Answer: d
Author: Santrock
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

,Test Bank for Essentials of Life Span-Development 2nd Edition by Santrock



Refer to: Evolutionary Developmental Psychology

5. Evolutionary developmental psychology argues that many evolved psychological mechanisms
are , which means that they apply only to a specific part of an
individual’s makeup.
a. cephalocaudal in pattern
b. domain-specific
c. adaptive in contemporary society
d. bidirectional
Answer: b
Author: Santrock
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Refer to: Evolutionary Developmental Psychology

6. As a criticism of evolutionary psychology, Albert Bandura proposed a:
a. directional view.
b. bidirectional view.
c. unidirectional view.
d. quasi-directional view.
Answer: b
Author: Santrock
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Refer to: Evaluating Evolutionary Psychology

7. In 1981 Steven Jay Gould concluded that in most domains of human functioning, biologyallows a
broad range of possibilities.
a. human
b. creative
c. diverse
d. cultural
Answer: d
Author: Santrock
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Refer to: Evaluating Evolutionary Psychology

8. The units of hereditary information that are compromised of short segments of DNAare
.
a. RNA
b. chromosomes
c. genes
d. genomes
Answer: c Author:
Santrock
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Refer to: Genetic Foundations of Development

9. A complex molecule that has a double-helix shape and contains genetic information is:

,Test Bank for Essentials of Life Span-Development 2nd Edition by Santrock



a. a chromosome.
b. RNA.
c. DNA.
d. a gene.
Answer: c Author:
Santrock
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Refer to: Genetic Foundations of Development

10. Although it was originally thought that human beings have around genes, recent
research into the human genome suggests that we probably have more like different
genes.
a. limitless; two to three billion
b. one million; 20,000
c. 30,000; 100,000
d. 100,000; 20,000
Answer: d Author:
Santrock
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Refer to: Genetic Foundations of Development

11. Except for the sperm and the egg, all cells in a normally developed human body have
pairs of chromosomes.
a. 2
b. 4
c. 23
d. 46
Answer: c
Author: Santrock
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Refer to: Mitosis, Meiosis, and Fertilization

12. Meiosis is the process by which a cell divides and then divides again, leaving:
a. four cells with 23 unpaired chromosomes.
b. three cells with 23 unpaired chromosomes.
c. six cells with 16 paired chromosomes.
d. four cells with 16 paired chromosomes.
Answer: a
Author: Santrock
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Refer to: Mitosis, Meiosis, and Fertilization

13. Pat’s 23rd chromosome pair contains one X and one Y chromosome. This indicates thatPat:
a. has Down syndrome.
b. is male.
c. likely had a mother who used drugs and/or alcohol during her pregnancy.

, Test Bank for Essentials of Life Span-Development 2nd Edition by Santrock



d. may develop PKU if his/her diet is not carefully monitored.
Answer: b
Author: Santrock
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applied
Refer to: Mitosis, Meiosis, and Fertilization

14. Women have a chromosome pairing, and men have a chromosome
pairing.
a. XX; XY
b. XY; XX
c. YY; XX
d. XX; YY
Answer: a Author:
Santrock
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Refer to: Mitosis, Meiosis, and Fertilization

15. After fertilization of the egg by a sperm, a single cell is created that is known as a(n):
a. fetus.
b. zygote.
c. amoeba.
d. embryo.
Answer: b
Author: Santrock
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Refer to: Mitosis, Meiosis, and Fertilization

16. A person’s refers to all of an individual’s genetic material, including that which hasand
has not yet been expressed.
a. genome
b. genotype
c. phenotype
d. genetic allele set
Answer: b
Author: Santrock
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Refer to: Sources of Variability

17. A phenotype can consist of as well as characteristics.
a. physical; environmental
b. conscious; unconscious
c. genetic; social
d. physical; psychological
Answer: d
Author: Santrock
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Refer to: Sources of Variability