BIOS256 FINAL EXAM| 103 QUESTIONS| WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS : Chamberlain College of Nursing
delivers pancreatic juice into duodenum via pancreatic duct to assist absorption Correct Answer:
pancreas
produces bile (bile salts) necessary for emulsification and absorption of lipids Correct Answer:
liver
stores, concentrates, and delivers bile into duodenum via common bile duct Correct Answer:
gallbladder
major site of digestion and absorption of nutrients and water in GI tract Correct Answer: small
intestine
secrete intestinal juice to assist absorption Correct Answer: Intestinal Glands
digest and absorb nutrients Correct Answer: absorptive cells
secrete mucus Correct Answer: goblet cells
secrete secretin (s), cholecystokinin (cck), and glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide Correct
Answer: enteroendocrine cells
secrete lysozyme (bactericidal enzyme) and phagocytosis Correct Answer: paneth cells
secrete alkaline fluid to buffer stomach acids an dmucus for protection and lubrication Correct
Answer: Duodenal (Brunner's) glands
folds of mucosa that increase surface area for digestion and absorption Correct Answer: circular
folds
finger-like projections of mucosa that are sites of absorption of digested food and increase
surface area for digestion and absorption Correct Answer: villi
microscopic, membrane-covered projections of absorptive epithelial cells that contain brush-
border enzymes and that increase surface area for digestion and absorption Correct Answer:
microvilli
type of peristalsis - alternating contractions of circular smooth muscle fibers that produce
segmentation and resegmentation of sections of small intestine, mixes chyme with digestive
juices and brings food into contact with mucosa for absorption Correct Answer: Segmentation
, Type of peristalsis: waves of contraction and relaxation of circular and longitudinal smooth
muscle fibers passing the length of the small intestine; moves chyme toward ileocecal sphincter.
Correct Answer: Migrating Motility Complex
Bicarbonate, proteins, phosphate (chemical)
respiratory (exhalation of carbon dioxide)
renal - secretion of hydrogen into urine via PCT, reabsorbs or secretes bicarbonate Correct
Answer: Buffer Systems
one glucose molecule is oxidized and two molecules of pyruvic acid are produced. Also
produces 2 ATP and 2 NADH + H Correct Answer: Glycolysis
oxidize acetyl coenzyme A, produce CO2, ATP, NADH + H, and FADH2 Correct Answer:
Krebs Cycle
oxidize NADH + H and FADH2, transfer electrons through series of carriers Correct Answer:
Electron Transport Chain
exergonic
break down macronutrients
occur in glycolysis, Krebs, and ETC Correct Answer: Catabolic reactions
endergonic
formation of peptide bonds between amino acids
building of fatty acids into phospholipids
linkage of glucose monomers to form glycogen Correct Answer: Anabolic reactions
Produce pancreatic juice
buffer acidic gastric juice in chyme
stops action of pepsin
creates proper pH for action of digestive enzymes
secretes inactive enzymes Correct Answer: Functions of the Pancreas
promotes secretion of gastric juice, increases gastric motility, promotes growth of gastric mucosa
stimulated by stomach distention, high pH
produced by G cells Correct Answer: Gastrin
stimulates secretion of pancreatic juice and bile that are rich in bicarbonate ions
stimulated by acidic chyme entering small intestine
produced by S cells Correct Answer: Secretin
stimulates secretion of gastric juice, ejection of bile, induces satiety
stimulated by partially digested proteins, triglycerides, and fatty acids that enter small intestine
produced by CCK cells Correct Answer: CCK
increases appetite
SOLUTIONS : Chamberlain College of Nursing
delivers pancreatic juice into duodenum via pancreatic duct to assist absorption Correct Answer:
pancreas
produces bile (bile salts) necessary for emulsification and absorption of lipids Correct Answer:
liver
stores, concentrates, and delivers bile into duodenum via common bile duct Correct Answer:
gallbladder
major site of digestion and absorption of nutrients and water in GI tract Correct Answer: small
intestine
secrete intestinal juice to assist absorption Correct Answer: Intestinal Glands
digest and absorb nutrients Correct Answer: absorptive cells
secrete mucus Correct Answer: goblet cells
secrete secretin (s), cholecystokinin (cck), and glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide Correct
Answer: enteroendocrine cells
secrete lysozyme (bactericidal enzyme) and phagocytosis Correct Answer: paneth cells
secrete alkaline fluid to buffer stomach acids an dmucus for protection and lubrication Correct
Answer: Duodenal (Brunner's) glands
folds of mucosa that increase surface area for digestion and absorption Correct Answer: circular
folds
finger-like projections of mucosa that are sites of absorption of digested food and increase
surface area for digestion and absorption Correct Answer: villi
microscopic, membrane-covered projections of absorptive epithelial cells that contain brush-
border enzymes and that increase surface area for digestion and absorption Correct Answer:
microvilli
type of peristalsis - alternating contractions of circular smooth muscle fibers that produce
segmentation and resegmentation of sections of small intestine, mixes chyme with digestive
juices and brings food into contact with mucosa for absorption Correct Answer: Segmentation
, Type of peristalsis: waves of contraction and relaxation of circular and longitudinal smooth
muscle fibers passing the length of the small intestine; moves chyme toward ileocecal sphincter.
Correct Answer: Migrating Motility Complex
Bicarbonate, proteins, phosphate (chemical)
respiratory (exhalation of carbon dioxide)
renal - secretion of hydrogen into urine via PCT, reabsorbs or secretes bicarbonate Correct
Answer: Buffer Systems
one glucose molecule is oxidized and two molecules of pyruvic acid are produced. Also
produces 2 ATP and 2 NADH + H Correct Answer: Glycolysis
oxidize acetyl coenzyme A, produce CO2, ATP, NADH + H, and FADH2 Correct Answer:
Krebs Cycle
oxidize NADH + H and FADH2, transfer electrons through series of carriers Correct Answer:
Electron Transport Chain
exergonic
break down macronutrients
occur in glycolysis, Krebs, and ETC Correct Answer: Catabolic reactions
endergonic
formation of peptide bonds between amino acids
building of fatty acids into phospholipids
linkage of glucose monomers to form glycogen Correct Answer: Anabolic reactions
Produce pancreatic juice
buffer acidic gastric juice in chyme
stops action of pepsin
creates proper pH for action of digestive enzymes
secretes inactive enzymes Correct Answer: Functions of the Pancreas
promotes secretion of gastric juice, increases gastric motility, promotes growth of gastric mucosa
stimulated by stomach distention, high pH
produced by G cells Correct Answer: Gastrin
stimulates secretion of pancreatic juice and bile that are rich in bicarbonate ions
stimulated by acidic chyme entering small intestine
produced by S cells Correct Answer: Secretin
stimulates secretion of gastric juice, ejection of bile, induces satiety
stimulated by partially digested proteins, triglycerides, and fatty acids that enter small intestine
produced by CCK cells Correct Answer: CCK
increases appetite
