ANSC 4395-Animal Breeding & Genetics Test 1
questions and answers| GRADED A
Animal Breeding Correct Answer: scientific field that uses the principles of genetics to aid in
the improvement of livestock
Purebred breeders have attempted to improve their livestock since at least the... Correct Answer:
1700s
Many of our current breeds have their roots in Great Britain and continental Europe, dating back
to the... Correct Answer: 18th & 19th centuries
Robert Bakewell Correct Answer: "Father of Animal Breeding"
What type of animals did Robert Bakewell work with? Correct Answer: Longhorn cattle, Shire
horses, and Leicester sheep
What else did Robert Bakewell do? Correct Answer: -Sought out individuals that would
strengthen his herd
-Leased out males to neighbors to identify animals that produced superior offspring
-Mated 'best' to 'best' with little regard to ancestry
One of the first organized breeds of livestock (1580) ? Correct Answer: Shorthorns
When did Shorthorn breeders begin keeping records? Correct Answer: 1750
During the mid 19th century, who studied genetics of the garden pea? Correct Answer: Gregor
Mendel
Gregor Mendel also... Correct Answer: -Established basic genetic principles that are still
accepted today
-Results of his experiments were published in an obscure scientific journal and were not widely
known until the early 20th century
Population Genetics Correct Answer: Branch of genetics which deals with the factors that affect
the genetic structure of populations
Dr. Sewell Wright Correct Answer: -Pioneer of the population genetics field
-Did his research with the USDA and later at the University of Chicago
Sir Ronald Fisher Correct Answer: -Pioneer of the population genetics field
-Worked at the Rothamstead Experiment Station in Great Britain
Dr. Wright & Dr. Fisher's running debates and arguments fueled the rapid development of the
field in what year(s)? Correct Answer: 1920s & 1930s
, Dr. Jay Lush Correct Answer: "Father of Modern Animal Breeding"
Dr. Lush worked at... Correct Answer: Iowa State University in the 1920s and extended the
work of Wright & Fisher to design programs for farm animals
Dr. Lush also... Correct Answer: -Established a formal theoretical framework to the science of
animal breeding
-Established principles of selection, the use of inbreeding to conserve genes of some individuals,
& crossbreeding systems to take advantage of hybrid vigor
During the last 40-50 years... Correct Answer: The use of computers has greatly enhanced the
potential for genetic change.
EX: Breed associations have extensive databases that allow comparisons of all individuals within
a breed
A.I. & E.T. have allowed for... Correct Answer: Faster progeny testing and selection has become
much more efficient
The Future... Correct Answer: -Cloning
-Genetically engineered compounds
-Gene therapy
-Gene splicing
-DNA transfer (may make their way into livestock improvement plans)
The primary goal of animal breeders is to... Correct Answer: Identify animals with desirable
genes and increase the frequency of those genes
What is the best animal? Correct Answer: No one has the answer, everyone likely has an
opinion though.
EX: Lab-show winner
Cattle-cutability/% muscle or quality grade
Dairy Cattle-most milk or best udder
How do you breed an animal so offspring will be the best or better than the parents? Correct
Answer: The answer involves genetic principles and animal breeding technologies
"Systems Approach" definition Correct Answer: More objective means of determining the best
animal
System Correct Answer: a group of interdependent component parts
EX: Corporation, family, farm, ranch
questions and answers| GRADED A
Animal Breeding Correct Answer: scientific field that uses the principles of genetics to aid in
the improvement of livestock
Purebred breeders have attempted to improve their livestock since at least the... Correct Answer:
1700s
Many of our current breeds have their roots in Great Britain and continental Europe, dating back
to the... Correct Answer: 18th & 19th centuries
Robert Bakewell Correct Answer: "Father of Animal Breeding"
What type of animals did Robert Bakewell work with? Correct Answer: Longhorn cattle, Shire
horses, and Leicester sheep
What else did Robert Bakewell do? Correct Answer: -Sought out individuals that would
strengthen his herd
-Leased out males to neighbors to identify animals that produced superior offspring
-Mated 'best' to 'best' with little regard to ancestry
One of the first organized breeds of livestock (1580) ? Correct Answer: Shorthorns
When did Shorthorn breeders begin keeping records? Correct Answer: 1750
During the mid 19th century, who studied genetics of the garden pea? Correct Answer: Gregor
Mendel
Gregor Mendel also... Correct Answer: -Established basic genetic principles that are still
accepted today
-Results of his experiments were published in an obscure scientific journal and were not widely
known until the early 20th century
Population Genetics Correct Answer: Branch of genetics which deals with the factors that affect
the genetic structure of populations
Dr. Sewell Wright Correct Answer: -Pioneer of the population genetics field
-Did his research with the USDA and later at the University of Chicago
Sir Ronald Fisher Correct Answer: -Pioneer of the population genetics field
-Worked at the Rothamstead Experiment Station in Great Britain
Dr. Wright & Dr. Fisher's running debates and arguments fueled the rapid development of the
field in what year(s)? Correct Answer: 1920s & 1930s
, Dr. Jay Lush Correct Answer: "Father of Modern Animal Breeding"
Dr. Lush worked at... Correct Answer: Iowa State University in the 1920s and extended the
work of Wright & Fisher to design programs for farm animals
Dr. Lush also... Correct Answer: -Established a formal theoretical framework to the science of
animal breeding
-Established principles of selection, the use of inbreeding to conserve genes of some individuals,
& crossbreeding systems to take advantage of hybrid vigor
During the last 40-50 years... Correct Answer: The use of computers has greatly enhanced the
potential for genetic change.
EX: Breed associations have extensive databases that allow comparisons of all individuals within
a breed
A.I. & E.T. have allowed for... Correct Answer: Faster progeny testing and selection has become
much more efficient
The Future... Correct Answer: -Cloning
-Genetically engineered compounds
-Gene therapy
-Gene splicing
-DNA transfer (may make their way into livestock improvement plans)
The primary goal of animal breeders is to... Correct Answer: Identify animals with desirable
genes and increase the frequency of those genes
What is the best animal? Correct Answer: No one has the answer, everyone likely has an
opinion though.
EX: Lab-show winner
Cattle-cutability/% muscle or quality grade
Dairy Cattle-most milk or best udder
How do you breed an animal so offspring will be the best or better than the parents? Correct
Answer: The answer involves genetic principles and animal breeding technologies
"Systems Approach" definition Correct Answer: More objective means of determining the best
animal
System Correct Answer: a group of interdependent component parts
EX: Corporation, family, farm, ranch
