AMLS - Study Guide| 370 QUESTIONS| WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
List 7 Red Flags for Breathing Correct Answer: 1. Reduced consciousness
2. Cyanosis
3. SpO2 29
5. Asymmetrical movement
6. Tracheal deviation and distress
7. Inability to count to five in a single breath
List 7 Red Flags for Circulatory Problems Correct Answer: 1. Reduced consciousness
2. Profound pallor
3. Marked sweating
4. Systolic BP 140
6. Skin mottling
7. Dysrhythmia & hypotension
List 5 Red Flags for Airway Assessment Correct Answer: 1. Reduced consciousness
2. Stridor
3. Snoring
4. Voice change
5. Tongue swelling
List 5 Red Flags of Disability Assessment Correct Answer: 1. Hypoglycaemia
2. Reducing level of consciousness
3. Persistent fitting
4. Progression of signs (e.g. headache, lateralization)
5. P,U or not localizing pain
List 3 Red Flags on General Assessment Correct Answer: 1. Purpuric rash
2. Erythrodermia
3. Core temperature 40deg
,List 11 immediately life-threatening causes of airway obstruction Correct Answer: 1. Tongue
swelling (pharynx)
2. Swelling of the epiglottis or soft tissues (pharynx)
3. Oedema of the larynx
4. Laryngospasm (spasm of the vocal cords)
5. Foreign body in larynx
6. Laryngeal trauma
7. Subglottic secretions or foreign body
8. Subglottic swelling
9. Bronchial aspiration
10. Tension pneumothorax
11. Bronchial foreign body
List 7 immediately life-threatening causes of breathlessness Correct Answer: 1. Airway
obstruction
2. Acute severe asthma
3. Acute exacerbation of COPD
4. Pulmonary oedema
5. Tension pneumothorax
6. Critical oxygen desaturation
7. Circulatory shock
List 5 Life-threatening conditions that present with cutaneous manifestations Correct Answer: 1.
Anaphylaxis
2. Angio-oedema
3. Meningococcal sepsis
4. Gonococcal sepsis
5. Cellulitis
,6. Erythroderma
List 10 danger signs/reasons to admit a severe asthmatic to ICU Correct Answer: 1. Hypoxaemia
(PaO2 0,6)
2. Hypercapnia (PaCO2 > 6 kPa)
3. Acidaemia
4. Exhaustion
5. Altered level of consciousness (confused, drowsy, unconscious)
6. Respiratory arrest
7. Silent chest
8. Tachycardia > 130/min
9. Bradycardia
10. Peak expiratory flow < 33% of predicted
List 5 medicines that cause dilatation of the pupils Correct Answer: 1 Tricyclic antidepressants
2. Anticholinergics
3. Antihistamines
4. Ephedrine
5. Amphetamines
6. Cocaine
List 5 substances that can cause coma Correct Answer: 1. Barbiturates
2. Tricyclic antidepressants
3. Opioids
4. Benzodiazepines
5. Ethanol
List 5 non-traumatic life-threatening disorders of the circulatory system Correct Answer: 1.
Airway obstruction
2. Acute severe asthma
, 3. Pulmonary oedema
4. Tension pneumothorax
5. Circulatory shock
Name 5 non-traumatic life threatening disorders of the neurological system~1. Stroke
2. Subarachnoid haemorrhage
3. Meningitis
4. Encephalitis
5. Cerebral abscess
6. Cerebral malaria
7. Intracerebral tumour
List 8 life-threatening conditions presenting with abdominal pain Correct Answer: 1.
Gastrointestinal bleeding
2. Aortic dissection
3. Ectopic pregnancy
4. Acute pancreatitis
5. Small bowel infarction
6. Sepsis
7. Acute myocardial infarction
8. Diabetic ketoacidosis
A 28 year old female is being evaluated for an acute onset of an alteration in mentation. She
complained of a stiff neck and persistent headache. Vital signs are P112, R22 and regular, BP
144/88, SpO2 95% and T 102.3°F (39°C). The healthcare provider should observe for which
complication? Correct Answer: Seizure
A 45 year old patient is found supine on the floor of the Triage area. Healthcare providers note
pinpoint pupils, shallow respirations and vomitus in and around the mouth. What course of
action should be implemented next? Correct Answer: Supplemental oxygen and suction
Patients with a history of chronic bronchitis that present with shortness of breath are likely to
have which condition? Correct Answer: Pulmonary embolism
List 7 Red Flags for Breathing Correct Answer: 1. Reduced consciousness
2. Cyanosis
3. SpO2 29
5. Asymmetrical movement
6. Tracheal deviation and distress
7. Inability to count to five in a single breath
List 7 Red Flags for Circulatory Problems Correct Answer: 1. Reduced consciousness
2. Profound pallor
3. Marked sweating
4. Systolic BP 140
6. Skin mottling
7. Dysrhythmia & hypotension
List 5 Red Flags for Airway Assessment Correct Answer: 1. Reduced consciousness
2. Stridor
3. Snoring
4. Voice change
5. Tongue swelling
List 5 Red Flags of Disability Assessment Correct Answer: 1. Hypoglycaemia
2. Reducing level of consciousness
3. Persistent fitting
4. Progression of signs (e.g. headache, lateralization)
5. P,U or not localizing pain
List 3 Red Flags on General Assessment Correct Answer: 1. Purpuric rash
2. Erythrodermia
3. Core temperature 40deg
,List 11 immediately life-threatening causes of airway obstruction Correct Answer: 1. Tongue
swelling (pharynx)
2. Swelling of the epiglottis or soft tissues (pharynx)
3. Oedema of the larynx
4. Laryngospasm (spasm of the vocal cords)
5. Foreign body in larynx
6. Laryngeal trauma
7. Subglottic secretions or foreign body
8. Subglottic swelling
9. Bronchial aspiration
10. Tension pneumothorax
11. Bronchial foreign body
List 7 immediately life-threatening causes of breathlessness Correct Answer: 1. Airway
obstruction
2. Acute severe asthma
3. Acute exacerbation of COPD
4. Pulmonary oedema
5. Tension pneumothorax
6. Critical oxygen desaturation
7. Circulatory shock
List 5 Life-threatening conditions that present with cutaneous manifestations Correct Answer: 1.
Anaphylaxis
2. Angio-oedema
3. Meningococcal sepsis
4. Gonococcal sepsis
5. Cellulitis
,6. Erythroderma
List 10 danger signs/reasons to admit a severe asthmatic to ICU Correct Answer: 1. Hypoxaemia
(PaO2 0,6)
2. Hypercapnia (PaCO2 > 6 kPa)
3. Acidaemia
4. Exhaustion
5. Altered level of consciousness (confused, drowsy, unconscious)
6. Respiratory arrest
7. Silent chest
8. Tachycardia > 130/min
9. Bradycardia
10. Peak expiratory flow < 33% of predicted
List 5 medicines that cause dilatation of the pupils Correct Answer: 1 Tricyclic antidepressants
2. Anticholinergics
3. Antihistamines
4. Ephedrine
5. Amphetamines
6. Cocaine
List 5 substances that can cause coma Correct Answer: 1. Barbiturates
2. Tricyclic antidepressants
3. Opioids
4. Benzodiazepines
5. Ethanol
List 5 non-traumatic life-threatening disorders of the circulatory system Correct Answer: 1.
Airway obstruction
2. Acute severe asthma
, 3. Pulmonary oedema
4. Tension pneumothorax
5. Circulatory shock
Name 5 non-traumatic life threatening disorders of the neurological system~1. Stroke
2. Subarachnoid haemorrhage
3. Meningitis
4. Encephalitis
5. Cerebral abscess
6. Cerebral malaria
7. Intracerebral tumour
List 8 life-threatening conditions presenting with abdominal pain Correct Answer: 1.
Gastrointestinal bleeding
2. Aortic dissection
3. Ectopic pregnancy
4. Acute pancreatitis
5. Small bowel infarction
6. Sepsis
7. Acute myocardial infarction
8. Diabetic ketoacidosis
A 28 year old female is being evaluated for an acute onset of an alteration in mentation. She
complained of a stiff neck and persistent headache. Vital signs are P112, R22 and regular, BP
144/88, SpO2 95% and T 102.3°F (39°C). The healthcare provider should observe for which
complication? Correct Answer: Seizure
A 45 year old patient is found supine on the floor of the Triage area. Healthcare providers note
pinpoint pupils, shallow respirations and vomitus in and around the mouth. What course of
action should be implemented next? Correct Answer: Supplemental oxygen and suction
Patients with a history of chronic bronchitis that present with shortness of breath are likely to
have which condition? Correct Answer: Pulmonary embolism
