COP1000 Ch 1 Questions and Answers Already Passed

COP1000 Ch 1 Questions and Answers Already Passed program a set of instructions that a computer follows to perform a task hardware the physical devices that a computer is made of are referred to as the CPU the part of a computer that runs programs microprocessors today, CPUs are small chips known as main memory where the computer stores a program while the program is running as well as the data that the program is working with secondary memory a volatile type of memory that is used only for temporary storage while a program is running secondary storage a type of memory that can hold data for long periods of time input device a component that collects data from people or other devices and sends it to the computer (ex: keyboard, camera) output device a video display (ex: monitor, printer, speakers) byte enough memory to store a letter of the alphabet or a small number bits a byte is made up of eight ________ binary in a ________ numbering system, all numeric values are written as sequences of 0s and 1s 0 a hit that is turned off represents this value ASCII a set of 128 numeric codes that represent the English letters, various punctuation marks, and other characters unicode an extensive encoding scheme that can represent that characters of many of the languages of the world two's complement negative numbers are encoded using the ________ technique floating-point real numbers are encoded using the ________ technique pixels the tiny dots of color that digital images are composed of a stream of binary numbers if you were to look at a machine language program, you would see ________ decode the CPU determines which operation it should perform in the ________ part of the fetch-decode cycle machine language computers can only execute programs that are written in ________ assembler translates an assembly language program to a machine language program keywords the words that make up a high-level programming language syntax the rules that must be followed when writing a program compiler translates a high-level language program into a separate machine language program F today, CPUs are huge devices made of electrical and mechanical components such as vacuum tubes and switches. (T/F) T Main memory is also known as RAM. (T/F) T Any piece of data that is stored in a computer's memory must be stored as a binary number. (T/F) F Images, like the ones you make with your digital camera, cannot be stored as binary numbers. (T/F) T Machine language is the only language that a CPU understands. (T/F) F Assembly language is considered a high-level language. (T/F) T An interpreter is a program that both translates and executes the instructions in a high-level language program. (T/F) F A syntax error does not prevent a program from being compiled and executed. (T/F) F Windows Vista, Linux, UNIX, and Mac OS X are all examples of applications software. (T/F) F Word processing programs, spreadsheet programs, email programs, Web browsers, and games are all examples of utility programs. (T/F) databus transmits information across device CPU all main processing power; brain of the computer RAM creates a virtual copy of all programs and downloads hard drive stores memory forever volatile does not permanently store info 8 bits number of bits in a byte 4 bits number of bits in a nyble 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 256 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 24 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 127 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 2 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 4 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 65 low-level program assembly middle-level program C high-level programs C++, JavaScript, Python object-oriented programming base templates; scalability value of each term (right to left) in binary 0, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128 data type tells program which type of data you're using list of data types string, integer, double, float, long, short, char