Fresenius ~ CCHT review exam| 65 QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
The functional unit of the kidney that does the work Correct Answer: Nephron
A nephron is made up of Correct Answer: A glomerulus and a tubule
The endrocrine functions of the kidney include Correct Answer: making erythropoietin and the
active for of Vitamin D
The leading cause of End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) for adults in the U.S. Correct Answer:
Diabetes
Patients with kidney failure often complain of itching, which is likely to be caused by Correct
Answer: HyperPhosphatemia
Why do kideny patients often have bone disease Correct Answer: Kidneys stop producing
calcitriol
Symptoms that a patient may need more dialysis time include Correct Answer: Anorexia,
fatigue, swelling
A semipermeable membrane is a porous barrier that Correct Answer: allows for only certain
sized particles to cross
Diffusion is movement of particles Correct Answer: from an area of higher concentration to an
area of lower concentration
Negative Pressure is pressure created when Correct Answer: fluid is pulled through a restriction
During Dialysis, ultrafiltration occurs when Correct Answer: Water is removed from the blood
because there is a pressure gradient between blood and dialysate
at which point in the extracorporeal circuit is the blood usually under negative pressure Correct
Answer: The arterial line section before the blood pump
Which of the following will increase the amount of the solutes that will diffuse across the
semipermeable membrane Correct Answer: High concentration gradients
The components of the dialysate treatment that affect clearance include Correct Answer:
Dialysate flow, time of treatment, dialyzer size, blood flow rate
Two things that affect the dialyzer's ability to remove wastes from the body include Correct
Answer: Surface area and molecular weight cutoff
, Dialysate is the fluid that helps remove waste products from the body. It contains a number of
substances. What might be prescribed for a dialysate solution Correct Answer: Bicarbonate,
Sodium, Potassium
What is the most important safety monitor during a dialysis treatment Correct Answer: The
dialysis technician
Dialysate conductivity measures Correct Answer: the total electrical charge of a solution
Dialysate that has too much sodium may cause patient injury. Too much sodium or
hypernatremia can cause Correct Answer: Headaches, high blood pressure, and shriveling of the
red blood cells
Dialysate that has too much calcium can cause Correct Answer: Vomiting, confusion, irritability
Dialysate that has too little sodium can cause Correct Answer: low blood pressure, cramping,
and bursting of Red Blood Cells
Things that can affect dailysis adequacy include Correct Answer: time on treatment, Blood and
dialysate flow rates, dialyzer clotting
normal body temperature taken orally Correct Answer: 98.6 degrees F
the instrument used for measuring blood pressure is called Correct Answer:
Sphygmomanometer
a rapid pulse of 104 beats/min would indicate that the patient has Correct Answer: tachycardia
Seizures during dialysis maybe caused by Correct Answer: Electrolyte imbalance, Hypotension,
Dialysate composition errors
the normal range for a resting pulse rate in an adult is Correct Answer: 60 to 100 beats/min
what will cause an increase in venous pressure during Dialysis Correct Answer: venous needle
infiltraiton
you suspect clotting in the dialyzer. The FIRST action you should take is to Correct Answer:
Rinse the dialyzer with normal saline
If there is a decrease in the patient's URR or Kt/V, which of the following factors should be
looked at? Correct Answer: Increased access recirculation, Diminished dialyzer performance
due to reprocessing, inadequate anticoagulation of the blood, blood pump speed
What is the first symptom that a pt is developing Dialysis disequilibrium Correct Answer:
headache
The functional unit of the kidney that does the work Correct Answer: Nephron
A nephron is made up of Correct Answer: A glomerulus and a tubule
The endrocrine functions of the kidney include Correct Answer: making erythropoietin and the
active for of Vitamin D
The leading cause of End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) for adults in the U.S. Correct Answer:
Diabetes
Patients with kidney failure often complain of itching, which is likely to be caused by Correct
Answer: HyperPhosphatemia
Why do kideny patients often have bone disease Correct Answer: Kidneys stop producing
calcitriol
Symptoms that a patient may need more dialysis time include Correct Answer: Anorexia,
fatigue, swelling
A semipermeable membrane is a porous barrier that Correct Answer: allows for only certain
sized particles to cross
Diffusion is movement of particles Correct Answer: from an area of higher concentration to an
area of lower concentration
Negative Pressure is pressure created when Correct Answer: fluid is pulled through a restriction
During Dialysis, ultrafiltration occurs when Correct Answer: Water is removed from the blood
because there is a pressure gradient between blood and dialysate
at which point in the extracorporeal circuit is the blood usually under negative pressure Correct
Answer: The arterial line section before the blood pump
Which of the following will increase the amount of the solutes that will diffuse across the
semipermeable membrane Correct Answer: High concentration gradients
The components of the dialysate treatment that affect clearance include Correct Answer:
Dialysate flow, time of treatment, dialyzer size, blood flow rate
Two things that affect the dialyzer's ability to remove wastes from the body include Correct
Answer: Surface area and molecular weight cutoff
, Dialysate is the fluid that helps remove waste products from the body. It contains a number of
substances. What might be prescribed for a dialysate solution Correct Answer: Bicarbonate,
Sodium, Potassium
What is the most important safety monitor during a dialysis treatment Correct Answer: The
dialysis technician
Dialysate conductivity measures Correct Answer: the total electrical charge of a solution
Dialysate that has too much sodium may cause patient injury. Too much sodium or
hypernatremia can cause Correct Answer: Headaches, high blood pressure, and shriveling of the
red blood cells
Dialysate that has too much calcium can cause Correct Answer: Vomiting, confusion, irritability
Dialysate that has too little sodium can cause Correct Answer: low blood pressure, cramping,
and bursting of Red Blood Cells
Things that can affect dailysis adequacy include Correct Answer: time on treatment, Blood and
dialysate flow rates, dialyzer clotting
normal body temperature taken orally Correct Answer: 98.6 degrees F
the instrument used for measuring blood pressure is called Correct Answer:
Sphygmomanometer
a rapid pulse of 104 beats/min would indicate that the patient has Correct Answer: tachycardia
Seizures during dialysis maybe caused by Correct Answer: Electrolyte imbalance, Hypotension,
Dialysate composition errors
the normal range for a resting pulse rate in an adult is Correct Answer: 60 to 100 beats/min
what will cause an increase in venous pressure during Dialysis Correct Answer: venous needle
infiltraiton
you suspect clotting in the dialyzer. The FIRST action you should take is to Correct Answer:
Rinse the dialyzer with normal saline
If there is a decrease in the patient's URR or Kt/V, which of the following factors should be
looked at? Correct Answer: Increased access recirculation, Diminished dialyzer performance
due to reprocessing, inadequate anticoagulation of the blood, blood pump speed
What is the first symptom that a pt is developing Dialysis disequilibrium Correct Answer:
headache
