PN Maternal Newborn Nursing ATI Proctored Exam
studyguide
Contraceptive use
a water soluble lubricant should be used with condoms
Oral contraceptive danger indications
Shortness of breath can indicate pulmonary embolism or myocardial infarction
IUD (intrauterine device)
Check for presence of IUD strings following each menstruation to ensure the device is
still present. A change in the length of the strings should be reported to the provider
Implantable progestins adverse effects
Irregular vaginal bleeding
weight gain
breast changes
medroxyprogesterone
clients should take calcium and vitamin D o prevent loss of bone density
can cause irregular bleeding
Signs of pregnancy: Presumptive
changes might be subjective or objective:
amenorrhea (no periods)
fatigue
nausea and vomiting
urinary frequency
breast changes
quickening (fluttering movements of a fetus 16 to 20 weeks gestation)
abdominal enlargement
Signs of Pregnancy: Probable
changes that make the examiner suspect pregnancy:
uterine enlargement
Hegar's sign (soft lower uterus)
chadwick's sign ( bluish cervix)
goodell's sign ( softening cervix tip)
ballottement
braxton Hickscontractions
positive pregnancy test
fetal outline felt by examiner
Signs of Pregnancy: Positive
those explained only by pregnancy:
fetal heart sounds
visualization of fetus by ultrasound
fetal movement palpated by experienced examiner
hCG blood / urine test
Human chorionic gonadotropin:
can start as early as day of implantation and can be detected about 8 days after
conception.
peaks about day 60-70, declines til day 100-130 then incline until term
, raised levels=multifetal, ectopic, hydatidiform mole
low level= miscarriage, ectopic
Gravidity
Nulligravida: never been pregnant
Primigravida: this is first pregnancy
Multigravida: two or more
Parity
Number of pregnancies which fetus reached 20 weeks ( includes stillborn)
Nullipara: no pregnancy
primipara: one
Multipara: two or more
Viability
Point at which a fetus can survive outside the womb.
GTPAL
Gravida,
Term - 38 weeks and more
Preterm - 37 weeks and under
Abortions,
Living
Physiological changes
stretch marks
hyperpigmentation
Supine hypotensive syndrome
Low blood pressure resulting from compression of the inferior vena cava by the weight
of the pregnant uterus when the mother is supine.
lie on left side with head elevated on a pillow
pulse during pregnancy
increases 10 to 15/min around 32 weeks until term
FHR
110-160 beats/min
Cardiovasuclar changes
Output increases
blood volume increases
heart rate increases
uterine changes
by 36 weeks the top of the uterus and the fundus will reach the xiphoid process, causing
shortness of breath as uterus pushes against the diaphragm
Skin changes
chloasma: an increase of pigmentation on face
linea nigra: dark line (happy trail)
striae gravidarum: stretch marks
April 1st was first day of last period. what is her due date
january 8
G3 T1 P0 A1 L1
what does this mean
studyguide
Contraceptive use
a water soluble lubricant should be used with condoms
Oral contraceptive danger indications
Shortness of breath can indicate pulmonary embolism or myocardial infarction
IUD (intrauterine device)
Check for presence of IUD strings following each menstruation to ensure the device is
still present. A change in the length of the strings should be reported to the provider
Implantable progestins adverse effects
Irregular vaginal bleeding
weight gain
breast changes
medroxyprogesterone
clients should take calcium and vitamin D o prevent loss of bone density
can cause irregular bleeding
Signs of pregnancy: Presumptive
changes might be subjective or objective:
amenorrhea (no periods)
fatigue
nausea and vomiting
urinary frequency
breast changes
quickening (fluttering movements of a fetus 16 to 20 weeks gestation)
abdominal enlargement
Signs of Pregnancy: Probable
changes that make the examiner suspect pregnancy:
uterine enlargement
Hegar's sign (soft lower uterus)
chadwick's sign ( bluish cervix)
goodell's sign ( softening cervix tip)
ballottement
braxton Hickscontractions
positive pregnancy test
fetal outline felt by examiner
Signs of Pregnancy: Positive
those explained only by pregnancy:
fetal heart sounds
visualization of fetus by ultrasound
fetal movement palpated by experienced examiner
hCG blood / urine test
Human chorionic gonadotropin:
can start as early as day of implantation and can be detected about 8 days after
conception.
peaks about day 60-70, declines til day 100-130 then incline until term
, raised levels=multifetal, ectopic, hydatidiform mole
low level= miscarriage, ectopic
Gravidity
Nulligravida: never been pregnant
Primigravida: this is first pregnancy
Multigravida: two or more
Parity
Number of pregnancies which fetus reached 20 weeks ( includes stillborn)
Nullipara: no pregnancy
primipara: one
Multipara: two or more
Viability
Point at which a fetus can survive outside the womb.
GTPAL
Gravida,
Term - 38 weeks and more
Preterm - 37 weeks and under
Abortions,
Living
Physiological changes
stretch marks
hyperpigmentation
Supine hypotensive syndrome
Low blood pressure resulting from compression of the inferior vena cava by the weight
of the pregnant uterus when the mother is supine.
lie on left side with head elevated on a pillow
pulse during pregnancy
increases 10 to 15/min around 32 weeks until term
FHR
110-160 beats/min
Cardiovasuclar changes
Output increases
blood volume increases
heart rate increases
uterine changes
by 36 weeks the top of the uterus and the fundus will reach the xiphoid process, causing
shortness of breath as uterus pushes against the diaphragm
Skin changes
chloasma: an increase of pigmentation on face
linea nigra: dark line (happy trail)
striae gravidarum: stretch marks
April 1st was first day of last period. what is her due date
january 8
G3 T1 P0 A1 L1
what does this mean
