Pharmacology Exit HESI.
Pharmacology Exit HESI
Nurse should observe most closely for drug toxicity when a client receives
med that has what characteristic
Narrow therapeutic index
The nurse should observe most closely for drug toxicity when a client receives a
medication that has which characteristic?
• Low bioavailability
• Rapid onset of action
• Short half life
• Narrow therapeutic index.
• Rationale: A drug with a narrow therapeutic index has a high risk for toxicity
because there is a narrow range between the therapeutic dose and the
toxic dose.
Nurse is conducting DC teaching about anti-anxiety drug diazepam (valium)
Evaluate the ingredients of all over-the-counter drugs for alcohol content
Nursing instruction most important for patient on Zyloprim
Increase fluid intake
Client getting Tofranil (Imipramine)
Give medication at night
Magnesium antidote
Calcium gluconate
Patient with hyperthyroidism taking inderal (propanalol)
Decreases pulse rate
A client with hyperthyroidism is receiving propranolol (Inderal). Which finding indicates
that the medication is having the desired effect?
,Pharmacology Exit HESI.
• Decrease in serum T4 levels
• Increase in blood pressure
• Decrease in pulse rate
• Goiter no longer palpable
Medication dosing-heparin 25000 units at 7ml/hr doctor changed rate to
900 units what is the
Mls/hr
Med was ordered 100mg in 4 divided doses in 24 hours available in
25mg, how many will you give every 6 hours
1
Patient on benzos
Answer is not narcan
- A client experiencing withdrawal from the benzodiazepines alprazolam (Xanax) is
demonstrating severe agitation and tremors. What is the best initial nursing
action?
• Administer naloxone (Narcan) per PNR protocol
• Initiate seizure precautions
• Obtain a serum drug screen
• Instruct the family about withdrawal symptoms.
• Rationale: Withdrawal of CNS depressants, such as Xanax, results in rebound
over-excitation of the CNS. Since the client exhibiting tremors, the nurse
should anticipate seizure activity and protect the client.
Patient Dx with bipolar-how to know if meds are effective
Family states patient is doing better with manic phases
- A client with bipolar disorder began taking valproic acid (Depakote) 250
mg PO three times daily two months ago. Which finding provides the best
indication that the medication regimen is effective?
•The family reports a great reduction in client’s maniac behavior
,Pharmacology Exit HESI.
Patient on Heparin going for surgery in a.m.,-priority
Assess patient for bleeds
Best time to give patient Abx (I think)
Time was like 1000, 1400, 1200, and 0400…best to give around the clock
Medication calculation-patient weighs equal to 16kg-order for Tamiflu 45mg
BID
Must round up-answer is 3.8ml
Peptic ulcer med-what action
Histamine 2 agonist
Patient on folliculitis medication-what to teach
Drink with full glass of water
Vasopressin
Vasoconstrictor
Know why Digoxin and Lasix are used together
- Someone's on digoxin and Lasix how do you know the meds are working; is it
because potassium is at 4, magnesium or something else
Tamoxifen Citrate use and therapeutic outcome
- Breast cancer
Fosomax for osteoarthritis patient teaching
1. A female client receives a prescription for alendronate sodium (Fosamax) to treat her
newly diagnose osteoporosis. W /hat instruction should the nurse include in the
client’s teaching plan?
• Take on an empty stomach with a full glass of water
Rifampin for TB
Rusty-orange/red colored urine and body fluids
, Pharmacology Exit HESI.
Pyridium for bladder infection
Orange/red/pink urine
Stay in bed for 3 hours post first Ace Inhibitor
dose Avoid grapefruit juice with CCB
Lipitor (statins) in PM only-no grapefruit juice
Trough draw
- A peak and trough level must be drawn for a client receiving
antibiotic therapy. What is the optimum time for the nurse to
obtain the trough level?
A) Sixty minutes after the antibiotic dose is administered.
B) Immediately before the next antibiotic dose is given.
C) When the next blood glucose level is to be checked.
D) Thirty minutes before the next antibiotic dose is given.
- Trough levels are drawn when the blood level is at its lowest, which is typically just
before the next dose is given (B). (A, C, and D) do not describe the optimum time for
obtaining a trough level of an antibiotic.
Peak draw
30-60 minutes after administration
Potassium sparing diuretic need to watch for hyperkalemia
Aldactone (spirinolactone)
Using bronchodilators before steroids for asthma teaching
Exhale completely, inhale deeply, hold breath for 10 seconds
Insulin can be kept at room temp
28 days
Drawing insulin
Clear (regular) first then cloudy (NPH)
Pharmacology Exit HESI
Nurse should observe most closely for drug toxicity when a client receives
med that has what characteristic
Narrow therapeutic index
The nurse should observe most closely for drug toxicity when a client receives a
medication that has which characteristic?
• Low bioavailability
• Rapid onset of action
• Short half life
• Narrow therapeutic index.
• Rationale: A drug with a narrow therapeutic index has a high risk for toxicity
because there is a narrow range between the therapeutic dose and the
toxic dose.
Nurse is conducting DC teaching about anti-anxiety drug diazepam (valium)
Evaluate the ingredients of all over-the-counter drugs for alcohol content
Nursing instruction most important for patient on Zyloprim
Increase fluid intake
Client getting Tofranil (Imipramine)
Give medication at night
Magnesium antidote
Calcium gluconate
Patient with hyperthyroidism taking inderal (propanalol)
Decreases pulse rate
A client with hyperthyroidism is receiving propranolol (Inderal). Which finding indicates
that the medication is having the desired effect?
,Pharmacology Exit HESI.
• Decrease in serum T4 levels
• Increase in blood pressure
• Decrease in pulse rate
• Goiter no longer palpable
Medication dosing-heparin 25000 units at 7ml/hr doctor changed rate to
900 units what is the
Mls/hr
Med was ordered 100mg in 4 divided doses in 24 hours available in
25mg, how many will you give every 6 hours
1
Patient on benzos
Answer is not narcan
- A client experiencing withdrawal from the benzodiazepines alprazolam (Xanax) is
demonstrating severe agitation and tremors. What is the best initial nursing
action?
• Administer naloxone (Narcan) per PNR protocol
• Initiate seizure precautions
• Obtain a serum drug screen
• Instruct the family about withdrawal symptoms.
• Rationale: Withdrawal of CNS depressants, such as Xanax, results in rebound
over-excitation of the CNS. Since the client exhibiting tremors, the nurse
should anticipate seizure activity and protect the client.
Patient Dx with bipolar-how to know if meds are effective
Family states patient is doing better with manic phases
- A client with bipolar disorder began taking valproic acid (Depakote) 250
mg PO three times daily two months ago. Which finding provides the best
indication that the medication regimen is effective?
•The family reports a great reduction in client’s maniac behavior
,Pharmacology Exit HESI.
Patient on Heparin going for surgery in a.m.,-priority
Assess patient for bleeds
Best time to give patient Abx (I think)
Time was like 1000, 1400, 1200, and 0400…best to give around the clock
Medication calculation-patient weighs equal to 16kg-order for Tamiflu 45mg
BID
Must round up-answer is 3.8ml
Peptic ulcer med-what action
Histamine 2 agonist
Patient on folliculitis medication-what to teach
Drink with full glass of water
Vasopressin
Vasoconstrictor
Know why Digoxin and Lasix are used together
- Someone's on digoxin and Lasix how do you know the meds are working; is it
because potassium is at 4, magnesium or something else
Tamoxifen Citrate use and therapeutic outcome
- Breast cancer
Fosomax for osteoarthritis patient teaching
1. A female client receives a prescription for alendronate sodium (Fosamax) to treat her
newly diagnose osteoporosis. W /hat instruction should the nurse include in the
client’s teaching plan?
• Take on an empty stomach with a full glass of water
Rifampin for TB
Rusty-orange/red colored urine and body fluids
, Pharmacology Exit HESI.
Pyridium for bladder infection
Orange/red/pink urine
Stay in bed for 3 hours post first Ace Inhibitor
dose Avoid grapefruit juice with CCB
Lipitor (statins) in PM only-no grapefruit juice
Trough draw
- A peak and trough level must be drawn for a client receiving
antibiotic therapy. What is the optimum time for the nurse to
obtain the trough level?
A) Sixty minutes after the antibiotic dose is administered.
B) Immediately before the next antibiotic dose is given.
C) When the next blood glucose level is to be checked.
D) Thirty minutes before the next antibiotic dose is given.
- Trough levels are drawn when the blood level is at its lowest, which is typically just
before the next dose is given (B). (A, C, and D) do not describe the optimum time for
obtaining a trough level of an antibiotic.
Peak draw
30-60 minutes after administration
Potassium sparing diuretic need to watch for hyperkalemia
Aldactone (spirinolactone)
Using bronchodilators before steroids for asthma teaching
Exhale completely, inhale deeply, hold breath for 10 seconds
Insulin can be kept at room temp
28 days
Drawing insulin
Clear (regular) first then cloudy (NPH)
