Emergency Management| 85 questions| with complete
solutions
The first incidence of federal aid to a local community Correct Answer: 1803- new hampshire
fire
congressional act passed to provide financial aid to the town
Establishment of Civil Defense Correct Answer: a.During cold war: civil defense programs in
communities to encourage bomb shelters to protect from nuclear attacks
b.1950- Federal Civil Defense Administration- technical assistance to community civil defense
directors
c.Department of Defense- provide mobilization of resources, stock piling, emergency
preparedness function
establishment of FEMA Correct Answer: a. Established by Jimmy Carter, 1979
b. Reorganization Plan to consolidate preparedness/mitigation/response activities into one federal
agency
c. Transferred parts of govt to FEMA (ex: National Fire Prevention Control Admin)
First FEMA director Correct Answer: John Macy- head of Office of Personnel Management
establishment of DHS Correct Answer: 2002- President Bush
After 9/11 terrorist attacks
National Flood Insurance Program Correct Answer: 1968- after Hurricane Betsy
Federally subsidize insurance because it was too expensive for the average citizen
The Witt Revolution Correct Answer: James Lee Witt: first director of FEMA with emergency
management experience
-Arkansas state director of emergency management
-Appointed by Bill Clinton
Mandate: restore trust with American people that the govt would be there in crisis
Project Impact Correct Answer: -Building disaster resistant communities
-Designed to encourage communities to build mitigation features (pumping systems,
strengthening schools, tornado shelters, etc.)
Hazard Correct Answer: a source of danger that may or may not lead to an emergency or
disaster and is named after the emergency/disaster that could be so precipitated
-Something doesn't have to happen
-Ex: lighting strike, snow storm
Risk Correct Answer: measure of the likelihood that a hazard will manifest into an actual
emergency or disaster event and the consequences should that event occur
-Susceptibility to hazard occurring- death, injury, damage, disruption, etc.
, Disaster Correct Answer: event that demands substantial crisis response, exceeds the emergency
response and recovery capabilities and resources of the agencies and officials responsible for its
management
-So overpowering that local responders are not enough
types of chemical agents Correct Answer: a. Pulmonary (choking agents)
b. Blood agents
c. Vesicants or blister agents
d. Nerve agents
e. Incapacitating agents
f. Irritants (used for riot control but capable of spreading panic when used by terrorists)
types of biological agents Correct Answer: virus
bacteria
toxin
Risk assessment Correct Answer: Process/methodology used for evaluating risk:
-Probability and frequency of hazard occurring
-Level exposure of people and property to hazard
-Effects/costs (indirect and direct) of exposure
Ex: if area is a seaport- could be high cost
Social and Economic Risk Factors Correct Answer: -Based on poverty and social conditions that
exist in the area of question
-Social makeup of area- special populations (disabled, young and old, poor)
-May determine after-effect of disaster- important to consider for mitigation, preparedness
Mitigation Correct Answer: A sustained action to reduce or eliminate the risk to people and
property from hazards and their effects
Mission: ensure that fewer communities and individuals become victims of disasters, create
economically secure, socially stable, better built, more environmentally sound communities that
are out of harm's way
Mitigation Tools Correct Answer: Ways to create safe/secure/stable communities and keep them
from harm:
1. hazard ID and mapping
2. design and construction applications
3. land-use planning
4. financial incentives
5. insurance (*NFIP)
6. structural controls
Impediments to mitigation Correct Answer: Denial of the risk
Political will
solutions
The first incidence of federal aid to a local community Correct Answer: 1803- new hampshire
fire
congressional act passed to provide financial aid to the town
Establishment of Civil Defense Correct Answer: a.During cold war: civil defense programs in
communities to encourage bomb shelters to protect from nuclear attacks
b.1950- Federal Civil Defense Administration- technical assistance to community civil defense
directors
c.Department of Defense- provide mobilization of resources, stock piling, emergency
preparedness function
establishment of FEMA Correct Answer: a. Established by Jimmy Carter, 1979
b. Reorganization Plan to consolidate preparedness/mitigation/response activities into one federal
agency
c. Transferred parts of govt to FEMA (ex: National Fire Prevention Control Admin)
First FEMA director Correct Answer: John Macy- head of Office of Personnel Management
establishment of DHS Correct Answer: 2002- President Bush
After 9/11 terrorist attacks
National Flood Insurance Program Correct Answer: 1968- after Hurricane Betsy
Federally subsidize insurance because it was too expensive for the average citizen
The Witt Revolution Correct Answer: James Lee Witt: first director of FEMA with emergency
management experience
-Arkansas state director of emergency management
-Appointed by Bill Clinton
Mandate: restore trust with American people that the govt would be there in crisis
Project Impact Correct Answer: -Building disaster resistant communities
-Designed to encourage communities to build mitigation features (pumping systems,
strengthening schools, tornado shelters, etc.)
Hazard Correct Answer: a source of danger that may or may not lead to an emergency or
disaster and is named after the emergency/disaster that could be so precipitated
-Something doesn't have to happen
-Ex: lighting strike, snow storm
Risk Correct Answer: measure of the likelihood that a hazard will manifest into an actual
emergency or disaster event and the consequences should that event occur
-Susceptibility to hazard occurring- death, injury, damage, disruption, etc.
, Disaster Correct Answer: event that demands substantial crisis response, exceeds the emergency
response and recovery capabilities and resources of the agencies and officials responsible for its
management
-So overpowering that local responders are not enough
types of chemical agents Correct Answer: a. Pulmonary (choking agents)
b. Blood agents
c. Vesicants or blister agents
d. Nerve agents
e. Incapacitating agents
f. Irritants (used for riot control but capable of spreading panic when used by terrorists)
types of biological agents Correct Answer: virus
bacteria
toxin
Risk assessment Correct Answer: Process/methodology used for evaluating risk:
-Probability and frequency of hazard occurring
-Level exposure of people and property to hazard
-Effects/costs (indirect and direct) of exposure
Ex: if area is a seaport- could be high cost
Social and Economic Risk Factors Correct Answer: -Based on poverty and social conditions that
exist in the area of question
-Social makeup of area- special populations (disabled, young and old, poor)
-May determine after-effect of disaster- important to consider for mitigation, preparedness
Mitigation Correct Answer: A sustained action to reduce or eliminate the risk to people and
property from hazards and their effects
Mission: ensure that fewer communities and individuals become victims of disasters, create
economically secure, socially stable, better built, more environmentally sound communities that
are out of harm's way
Mitigation Tools Correct Answer: Ways to create safe/secure/stable communities and keep them
from harm:
1. hazard ID and mapping
2. design and construction applications
3. land-use planning
4. financial incentives
5. insurance (*NFIP)
6. structural controls
Impediments to mitigation Correct Answer: Denial of the risk
Political will
