therapy VI - PALS (pediatric advanced life support) 99 QUESTIONS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
pediatric cardiac arrest is usually due to Correct Answer: respiratory failure or shock
two most common types of shock in pediatric patients Correct Answer: hypovolemic,
hemorrhagic
tachycardia and increased SVR to maintain cardiac output and perfusion pressure Correct
Answer: compensated shock
compensatory mechanisms fail and leads to inadequate delivery of oxygen to tissues Correct
Answer: decompensated shock
cool and pale extremities, prolonged cap refill, weak peripheral pulses, normal SBP Correct
Answer: compensated shock
depressed mental status, decreased UOP, metabolic acidosis, tachypnea, weak central pulses,
deterioration in color Correct Answer: decompensated shock
guideline for hypotension of pediatrics Correct Answer: PEARS
children have ____ BP than adults Correct Answer: lower
step 1 PALS Correct Answer: chest compressions
rate of compressions pediatric Correct Answer: 100-120 compressions/minute
depth of chest compressions in pediatrics Correct Answer: 1/3 depth
step 2 PALS Correct Answer: ventilation
step 3 PALS Correct Answer: obtain monitor and defibrillator
frequency of breaths in intubated patient Correct Answer: 6-8 sec (do not interrupt
compressions)
frequency of breaths in non intubated patients Correct Answer: 30 compressions, pause for 2
breaths
step 4 PALS Correct Answer: obtain access point
access options Correct Answer: IV, IO, ET
IO is what type of access? Correct Answer: central
, ET dosing is ___ than IV dosing Correct Answer: higher
step 5 PALS Correct Answer: prepare medications
what to confirm while preparing medications Correct Answer: weight, route
3 major PALS algorithms Correct Answer: cardiac arrest, bradycardia, tachycardia
occurs when blood circulation ceases because of absent or ineffective cardiac mechanical activity
Correct Answer: cardiac arrest
causes of cardiac arrest Correct Answer: Hs and Ts
Hs for causes of cardiac arrest Correct Answer: hypovolemia, hypoxia, H+ (acidosis),
hypoglycemia, hypo/hyperkalemia, hypothermia
Ts causes of cardiac arrest Correct Answer: tension pneumothorax, tamponade, toxins,
thrombosis
no shockable arrest Correct Answer: asystole/PEA
shockable rhythms Correct Answer: Ventricular Fibrillation & Ventricular Tachycardia
CPR durations in cardiac arrest pathway of PALS Correct Answer: 2 min
epinephrine MOA Correct Answer: alpha mediated constriction
indications for epinephrine Correct Answer: PEA, VF, pVT
admin of epi Correct Answer: IV, flush 5 mL after, every 3-5 min
indications for sodium bicarb Correct Answer: hyperkalemia, metabolic acidosis
sodium bicarb use in PALS Correct Answer: not common
must flush between __ and ___ Correct Answer: sodium bicarb, calcium
indications for calcium Correct Answer: ionized hypocalcemia, hyperkalemia, CCB overdose
calcium use in cardiac arrest Correct Answer: not common
calcium formulations Correct Answer: chloride, gluconate
what drug HAS to be central line Correct Answer: calcium chloride
HR faster than normal Correct Answer: tachycardia
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
pediatric cardiac arrest is usually due to Correct Answer: respiratory failure or shock
two most common types of shock in pediatric patients Correct Answer: hypovolemic,
hemorrhagic
tachycardia and increased SVR to maintain cardiac output and perfusion pressure Correct
Answer: compensated shock
compensatory mechanisms fail and leads to inadequate delivery of oxygen to tissues Correct
Answer: decompensated shock
cool and pale extremities, prolonged cap refill, weak peripheral pulses, normal SBP Correct
Answer: compensated shock
depressed mental status, decreased UOP, metabolic acidosis, tachypnea, weak central pulses,
deterioration in color Correct Answer: decompensated shock
guideline for hypotension of pediatrics Correct Answer: PEARS
children have ____ BP than adults Correct Answer: lower
step 1 PALS Correct Answer: chest compressions
rate of compressions pediatric Correct Answer: 100-120 compressions/minute
depth of chest compressions in pediatrics Correct Answer: 1/3 depth
step 2 PALS Correct Answer: ventilation
step 3 PALS Correct Answer: obtain monitor and defibrillator
frequency of breaths in intubated patient Correct Answer: 6-8 sec (do not interrupt
compressions)
frequency of breaths in non intubated patients Correct Answer: 30 compressions, pause for 2
breaths
step 4 PALS Correct Answer: obtain access point
access options Correct Answer: IV, IO, ET
IO is what type of access? Correct Answer: central
, ET dosing is ___ than IV dosing Correct Answer: higher
step 5 PALS Correct Answer: prepare medications
what to confirm while preparing medications Correct Answer: weight, route
3 major PALS algorithms Correct Answer: cardiac arrest, bradycardia, tachycardia
occurs when blood circulation ceases because of absent or ineffective cardiac mechanical activity
Correct Answer: cardiac arrest
causes of cardiac arrest Correct Answer: Hs and Ts
Hs for causes of cardiac arrest Correct Answer: hypovolemia, hypoxia, H+ (acidosis),
hypoglycemia, hypo/hyperkalemia, hypothermia
Ts causes of cardiac arrest Correct Answer: tension pneumothorax, tamponade, toxins,
thrombosis
no shockable arrest Correct Answer: asystole/PEA
shockable rhythms Correct Answer: Ventricular Fibrillation & Ventricular Tachycardia
CPR durations in cardiac arrest pathway of PALS Correct Answer: 2 min
epinephrine MOA Correct Answer: alpha mediated constriction
indications for epinephrine Correct Answer: PEA, VF, pVT
admin of epi Correct Answer: IV, flush 5 mL after, every 3-5 min
indications for sodium bicarb Correct Answer: hyperkalemia, metabolic acidosis
sodium bicarb use in PALS Correct Answer: not common
must flush between __ and ___ Correct Answer: sodium bicarb, calcium
indications for calcium Correct Answer: ionized hypocalcemia, hyperkalemia, CCB overdose
calcium use in cardiac arrest Correct Answer: not common
calcium formulations Correct Answer: chloride, gluconate
what drug HAS to be central line Correct Answer: calcium chloride
HR faster than normal Correct Answer: tachycardia
