RN Med Surg Study Guide 2022

Med Surg Study Guide 2022 Seizures (6) • Identify different types of Seizures o Partial / Focal Seizures involves one hemisphere of the brain  Complex Partial (Focal Motor Seizure) • Impairment of awareness, associated with automatisms such as o Lip smacking o Chewing at clothes o Fidgeting and other involuntary but coordinated movements • Loss of consciousness or black out for several minutes • Amnesia can occur immediately prior to and after seizures.  Simple Partial Sensory (Focal non-motor seizure) • Unusual sensations affecting o Vision o Smell o Taste o Touch o Hearing • Consciousness maintained  Simple Partial Psychological (Focal non-motor seizure) • Memory or emotional disturbances • Déjà vu • Consciousness maintained  Simple Partial Motor (Focal motor seizure) • Unilateral abnormal extremity movement o Head turning spasms o Generalized Seizures involves two hemispheres of the brain  Grand Mal / Tonic-Clonic / Generalized • Start by having an aura (seeing or hearing something that is not there) o First experience unconsciousness, muscle stiffness followed by 1 -2 minutes of rhythmic jerking of extremities.  Biting of the tongue can occur o Breathing can stop during tonic phase of irregular during colic phase.  Absence • Brief loss of consciousness • Simple staring episode  Myoclonic • Can be symmetrical or asymmetrical • Brief jerking or stiffening of extremities • Last seconds  Clonic • Repetitive jerking movements • Muscle contracts then relaxes • Lasts several minutes  Tonic • Increase in muscle tone