NURS 270 Pharm II
Final Exam Study
Guide
,Module 1: Medications for Cardiovascular Disorders (5 questions)
Chapter 10: Drug Therapy for Dyslipidemias
Dyslipidemic drug therapy is used:
▪ to decrease blood lipids
▪ prevent or delay development of atherosclerotic plaque
▪ promote regression of atherosclerotic plaque
▪ reduce morbidity and mortality from atherosclerotic disease.
Desirable Borderline Undesirable
Total serum cholesterol <200 200-239 240 or above
LDL <130 130-159 160 or above
HDL 40 or above <40
Triglycerides <150 150-199 200 or above
Dyslipidemic Agents: HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitor: atorvastatin (Lipitor)
Drug Effects on Action Pharmacokineti Adverse Administrati
Classificatio types of cs effects on Specifics
ns cholesterol
(prototype)
HMG-CoA 18% to Decreases onset: 2 weeks Common: Recommende
reductase 55% productio Nausea, d at bedtime
inhibitors decrease in n of Maximum constipation, or in the
LDL cholestero effect: 4-6 diarrhea, evening
(atorvastatin levels, 5% l by weeks abdominal because the
) to 15% inhibiting cramps or bulk of
increase in an pain, cholesterol
HDL levels enzyme headache, synthesis
and 7% to which is and skin tends to occur
30% required rash. at night but
decrease in for this drug also
triglyceride hepatic Severe: has a long
s. synthesis Myopathies half-life so it
of and can be taken
cholestero teratogenicit at any time of
l y. the day.
Lowers Take 2
cholester hours before
ol by antacids.
using a
single Do not take
drug! with
grapefruit
juice.
, Chapter 26: Drug Therapy for Hypertension
CLASS ACTION INDICATION
ACE Inhibitors Blocks the enzyme that normally converts Treat heart failure and hypertension,
angiotensin I to the potent vasoconstrictor decrease morbidity and mortality in other
angiotensin II and Inhibits the breakdown of cardio disorders.
bradykinin
Angiotensin II Blocks vasoconstricting and aldosterone- Hypertension, those with type 2 diabetes
Receptor secreting effects of angiotensin II and prevents or diabetic nephropathy. African
Blockers (ARBs) angiotensin II from combining at receptors Americans might not have effective
sites and Increases renal flow. treatment with ARB alone.
Calcium-channel Inhibits the influx of calcium across cardiac hypertension, CAD.
Blockers and smooth muscle during depolarization.
Beta-blockers Inhibits chronotropic, inotropic, and Angina, MI, hypertension, heart failure,
vasoconstrictor responses to slow HR, and dysrhythmias.
vasodilate, and reduce contractility.
Chapter 28: Drug Therapy for Coronary Heart Disease
Adrenergic Receptor Predominant Effect to Response Activation Tissue or Organ Affected
Beta1 Increased force of contraction Heart
Increased heart rate Heart
Increased speed of electrical conduction Heart
Increased renin production kidneys
Beta2 Bronchodilation Lungs
Vasodilation Blood vessels
Glycogenolysis & gluconeogenesis Liver
Decreased insulin secretion Pancreas
Module 2: Medications for respiratory Disorders (5 questions)
Chapter 31: Drug Therapy for Nasal Congestions and Cough
Class Nasal Decongestants Antitussives
Prototype Pseudoephedrine Codeine
Action Acts directly on adrenergic receptors and indirectly by Suppress cough by depressing the cough
releasing norepinephrine from its storage sites center in the medulla oblongata or the
Produces vasoconstriction, which shrinks nasal cough receptors in the throat, trachea, or
mucous membranes, resulting in decreased nasal lungs, effectively elevating the threshold
congestion. May potentiate drainage of sinus for coughing.
secretions and also increase irritability of the heart
muscle, especially at high doses.
Final Exam Study
Guide
,Module 1: Medications for Cardiovascular Disorders (5 questions)
Chapter 10: Drug Therapy for Dyslipidemias
Dyslipidemic drug therapy is used:
▪ to decrease blood lipids
▪ prevent or delay development of atherosclerotic plaque
▪ promote regression of atherosclerotic plaque
▪ reduce morbidity and mortality from atherosclerotic disease.
Desirable Borderline Undesirable
Total serum cholesterol <200 200-239 240 or above
LDL <130 130-159 160 or above
HDL 40 or above <40
Triglycerides <150 150-199 200 or above
Dyslipidemic Agents: HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitor: atorvastatin (Lipitor)
Drug Effects on Action Pharmacokineti Adverse Administrati
Classificatio types of cs effects on Specifics
ns cholesterol
(prototype)
HMG-CoA 18% to Decreases onset: 2 weeks Common: Recommende
reductase 55% productio Nausea, d at bedtime
inhibitors decrease in n of Maximum constipation, or in the
LDL cholestero effect: 4-6 diarrhea, evening
(atorvastatin levels, 5% l by weeks abdominal because the
) to 15% inhibiting cramps or bulk of
increase in an pain, cholesterol
HDL levels enzyme headache, synthesis
and 7% to which is and skin tends to occur
30% required rash. at night but
decrease in for this drug also
triglyceride hepatic Severe: has a long
s. synthesis Myopathies half-life so it
of and can be taken
cholestero teratogenicit at any time of
l y. the day.
Lowers Take 2
cholester hours before
ol by antacids.
using a
single Do not take
drug! with
grapefruit
juice.
, Chapter 26: Drug Therapy for Hypertension
CLASS ACTION INDICATION
ACE Inhibitors Blocks the enzyme that normally converts Treat heart failure and hypertension,
angiotensin I to the potent vasoconstrictor decrease morbidity and mortality in other
angiotensin II and Inhibits the breakdown of cardio disorders.
bradykinin
Angiotensin II Blocks vasoconstricting and aldosterone- Hypertension, those with type 2 diabetes
Receptor secreting effects of angiotensin II and prevents or diabetic nephropathy. African
Blockers (ARBs) angiotensin II from combining at receptors Americans might not have effective
sites and Increases renal flow. treatment with ARB alone.
Calcium-channel Inhibits the influx of calcium across cardiac hypertension, CAD.
Blockers and smooth muscle during depolarization.
Beta-blockers Inhibits chronotropic, inotropic, and Angina, MI, hypertension, heart failure,
vasoconstrictor responses to slow HR, and dysrhythmias.
vasodilate, and reduce contractility.
Chapter 28: Drug Therapy for Coronary Heart Disease
Adrenergic Receptor Predominant Effect to Response Activation Tissue or Organ Affected
Beta1 Increased force of contraction Heart
Increased heart rate Heart
Increased speed of electrical conduction Heart
Increased renin production kidneys
Beta2 Bronchodilation Lungs
Vasodilation Blood vessels
Glycogenolysis & gluconeogenesis Liver
Decreased insulin secretion Pancreas
Module 2: Medications for respiratory Disorders (5 questions)
Chapter 31: Drug Therapy for Nasal Congestions and Cough
Class Nasal Decongestants Antitussives
Prototype Pseudoephedrine Codeine
Action Acts directly on adrenergic receptors and indirectly by Suppress cough by depressing the cough
releasing norepinephrine from its storage sites center in the medulla oblongata or the
Produces vasoconstriction, which shrinks nasal cough receptors in the throat, trachea, or
mucous membranes, resulting in decreased nasal lungs, effectively elevating the threshold
congestion. May potentiate drainage of sinus for coughing.
secretions and also increase irritability of the heart
muscle, especially at high doses.
