gastrointestinal tract (GIT). The gut microbiome, which is claimed to be related to a variety of bacteria, is
another name for the microbes that are associated with the digestive tract. Consequently, this gut
microbiome is beneficial to human health but can also be a pathogen (Bull & Plummer, 2014).
Because the gut microbiota is made up primarily of stringent anaerobes rather than facultative
anaerobes, it is more diverse than those organisms. The microbiota in the epithelium varies from the 13
microenvironments in the intestine. For instance, only Clostridium, Lactobacillus, and Enterococcus are
present in the mucus layer and epithelial crypts of the small intestine, while genera such as Bacteroides,
Bifidobacterium, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, etc. are present in feces. Microbiota can grow in both
anaerobes and aerobes, with aerobes multiplying more than 100-fold and being found in many bacterial
phyla. These microorganisms began to exist in the body sooner after birth, but due to the intestines'
high level of cleanliness and sterility, their number was insignificant at this time. These gastrointestinal
organs begin to locate their location and establish themselves in the body soon after birth. Weaning and
the introduction of solid foods cause a variety of changes in the infant's gut microbiota that are related
to the change in feeding mode from breast- to formula feeding.
IBS, IBD, type 2 diabetes, obesity, and atopy are a few disorders that are linked to the pathogenicity of
the human gut microbiome. Just a few of the numerous disorders linked to the human gut microbiome
are listed here. Some of these illnesses may begin to spread throughout the body, and some of them
may be fatal or chronic illnesses that will endure longer than expected or for the rest of one's life if left
untreated (Bull & Plummer, 2014).
References
Bull, M. J., & Plummer, N. T. (2014, December 13). Part 1: The Human Gut Microbiome in Health and
Disease. 13(6): 17–22. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4566439/