NCLEX RN LATEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Is a process of learning a different culture to adapt to a new or changing
environment. - answerAcculturation.
It is a subjective perspective of the person's heritage and a sense of
belonging to a group - answerEthnic identity
Include meditation, relaxation techniques, imagery, music therapy, massage,
touch, laughter, humor, & spiritual measures (prayer). - answerLow-risk
therapies:
Because of their health & dietary practices, Native Americans, Latino
Americans, Hispanic Americans, & African Americans. - answerHigh risk of
obesity & diabetes mellitus
Surgery is not prohibited, but the administration of blood and blood products is
forbidden. This religious group believes the soul cannot live after death.
Administration of medication is an acceptable practice except if the medication is
derived from blood products. - answerJehovah's Witnesses
Believers adhere to dietary kosher laws. In this religion, the dairy-meat
combination is unacceptable. Only fish that have scales and fins are allowed;
meats that are allowed include animals that are vegetable eaters, cloven-
hoofed, and ritually slaughtered. - answerOrthodox Judaism
include whole medical systems, mind-body medicine, biologically based practices,
manipulative & body-based practices, & energy medicine. - answerFive categories
of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM):
Focused, maintains strong control, makes decisions, & addresses all problems.
Dominates group & commands, rather than seeks suggestions or input. Manager
addresses problem (quality improvement) with taff, designs a plan without input, &
wants all problems reported directly back to her - answerAutocratic leader
,Participative & would likely meet with each staff person individually to determine
staff member's perception of problem. Would also speak with the staff about any
issues & ask the staff for input with developing a plan. - answerDemocratic leader
Passive and nondirective. Would state what the problem was & inform staff that
the staff needed to come up with a plan to "fix it." - answerLaissez-faire leader
Assessment findings include cough, dyspnea, crackles, tachypnea, tachycardia,
elevated blood pressure, bounding pulse, elevated CVP, weight gain, edema, neck
& hand vein distention, altered LOC, & decreased hematocrit. -
answerOverhydration or fluid overload & occurs when fluid intake or fluid retention
Avocado, bananas, cantaloupe, carrots, fish, mushrooms, oranges, potatoes,
pork, beef, veal, raisins, spinach, strawberries, & tomatoes - answerCommon
food sources of potassium:
Muscle weakness, increased urinary output, & decreased specific gravity of the
urine would be noted - answerHyponatremia
Causative factors relate to malnutrition or starvation & the use of aluminum
hydroxide-based or magnesium-based antacids. Malnutrition is associated with
alcoholism. - answerHypophosphatemia
Renal insufficiency, hypoparathyroidism, & tumor lysis syndrome; causative
factors. Should avoid foods high in phosphates; fish, eggs, milk products,
vegetables, whole grains, & carbonated beverages. - answerHyperphosphatemia
Vomiting, diarrhea, conditions that increased respiration's or increased urinary
output, insufficient intravenous fluid replacement, draining fistulas, presence of
ileostomy or colostomy. Diuretics, & gastrointestinal suctioning. - answerCauses
of a fluid volume deficit
Decreased kidney function, heart failure, hypotonic fluids to replace isotonic fluid
losses, excessive
,irrigation of wounds & body cavities, & excessive ingestion of sodium. -
answerCauses of overhydration or fluid overload:
Trauma, burns, sepsis, or metabolic or respiratory acidosis. - answerHyperkalemia
causes:
Cushing's syndrome or colitis & over use of laxatives. - answerHypokalemia causes:
Decreased pH & decreased HCO3. Occurs in kidney disease; diabetic ketoacidosis;
high fat diet; insufficient metabolism of carbohydrates; malnutrition; ingestion of
toxins, such as acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin); malnutrition; severe diarrhea. Intestinal
secretion high in bicarbonate & may be lost through enteric drainage tubes, an
ileostomy, or diarrhea. - answerMetabolic acidotic
Nausea & vomiting. Loss of gastric acid, cause pH & HCO3 to increase.
Symptoms experienced would include hypoventilation & tachycardia. -
answerMetabolic alkalosis
Decreased pH and an increased CO2. Hypoventalation & COPD - answerRespiratory
acidotic
Increased pH & decreased CO2. Hyperventalation, Lethargy, lightheadedness,
confusion, tachycardia, dysrhythmias related to hypokalemia, nausea, vomiting,
epigastric pain, numbness & tingling of extremities. Hyperventilation (tachypnea)
occurs. - answerRespiratory alkalotic
Sample for PT & INR level to determine anticoagulation status & risk
for bleeding - answerWarfarin (Coumadin)
aPTT monitors the effects. Anticoagulant used most often during hemodialysis.
Monitors extent of anticoagulation checking PTT, which is appropriate measure
heparin effect. Protamine sulfate is antidote. - answerHeparin
Dark green leafy vegetables good source iron, oranges are a good source of
vitamin C, which enhances iron absorption. - answerIron deficiency anemia
foods in diet:
, May lack B12 in diet. - answerVegans
Include fruits & vegetables - answerLow sodium foods:
Highly processed or refined foods (tomato soup, instant oatmeal), Saltwater
fish & shellfish. Smoked foods, - answerHigh Sodium foods:
Water, bouillon, clear broth, carbonated beverages, gelatin, hard candy,
lemonade, ice pops, and regular or decaffeinated coffee or tea. - answerClear
liquid diet:
Pulling, Vegetable juice, Pureed vegetables, plain ice cream, sherbet, breakfast
drinks, milk, pudding & custard, soups that are strained, refined cooked cereals,
& strained vegetable juices. - answerFull liquid diet:
Pork products rich in this vitamin. Other good food sources include nuts, whole
grain cereals, & legumes. - answerHigh Thiamine foods
On the left side, with the head lower than the feet. This position used to
minimize effect of air traveling as a bolus to lungs by trapping it in right side of
heart. - answerSuspects air embolism. Should immediately place client in which
position?
Assess for known allergies to eggs to prevent anaphylaxis. - answerFat emulsion
(lipids)
Signs include excessive thirst, fatigue, restlessness, confusion, weakness,
Kussmaul's respirations, diuresis, & coma when severe. If has these symptoms,
blood glucose level should be checked immediately. - answerHyperglycemia:
Temperature and weight: Temperature monitored to detect infection, potential
complication of therapy. Infection also could result in sepsis because catheter in
blood vessel. Weight monitored
Is a process of learning a different culture to adapt to a new or changing
environment. - answerAcculturation.
It is a subjective perspective of the person's heritage and a sense of
belonging to a group - answerEthnic identity
Include meditation, relaxation techniques, imagery, music therapy, massage,
touch, laughter, humor, & spiritual measures (prayer). - answerLow-risk
therapies:
Because of their health & dietary practices, Native Americans, Latino
Americans, Hispanic Americans, & African Americans. - answerHigh risk of
obesity & diabetes mellitus
Surgery is not prohibited, but the administration of blood and blood products is
forbidden. This religious group believes the soul cannot live after death.
Administration of medication is an acceptable practice except if the medication is
derived from blood products. - answerJehovah's Witnesses
Believers adhere to dietary kosher laws. In this religion, the dairy-meat
combination is unacceptable. Only fish that have scales and fins are allowed;
meats that are allowed include animals that are vegetable eaters, cloven-
hoofed, and ritually slaughtered. - answerOrthodox Judaism
include whole medical systems, mind-body medicine, biologically based practices,
manipulative & body-based practices, & energy medicine. - answerFive categories
of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM):
Focused, maintains strong control, makes decisions, & addresses all problems.
Dominates group & commands, rather than seeks suggestions or input. Manager
addresses problem (quality improvement) with taff, designs a plan without input, &
wants all problems reported directly back to her - answerAutocratic leader
,Participative & would likely meet with each staff person individually to determine
staff member's perception of problem. Would also speak with the staff about any
issues & ask the staff for input with developing a plan. - answerDemocratic leader
Passive and nondirective. Would state what the problem was & inform staff that
the staff needed to come up with a plan to "fix it." - answerLaissez-faire leader
Assessment findings include cough, dyspnea, crackles, tachypnea, tachycardia,
elevated blood pressure, bounding pulse, elevated CVP, weight gain, edema, neck
& hand vein distention, altered LOC, & decreased hematocrit. -
answerOverhydration or fluid overload & occurs when fluid intake or fluid retention
Avocado, bananas, cantaloupe, carrots, fish, mushrooms, oranges, potatoes,
pork, beef, veal, raisins, spinach, strawberries, & tomatoes - answerCommon
food sources of potassium:
Muscle weakness, increased urinary output, & decreased specific gravity of the
urine would be noted - answerHyponatremia
Causative factors relate to malnutrition or starvation & the use of aluminum
hydroxide-based or magnesium-based antacids. Malnutrition is associated with
alcoholism. - answerHypophosphatemia
Renal insufficiency, hypoparathyroidism, & tumor lysis syndrome; causative
factors. Should avoid foods high in phosphates; fish, eggs, milk products,
vegetables, whole grains, & carbonated beverages. - answerHyperphosphatemia
Vomiting, diarrhea, conditions that increased respiration's or increased urinary
output, insufficient intravenous fluid replacement, draining fistulas, presence of
ileostomy or colostomy. Diuretics, & gastrointestinal suctioning. - answerCauses
of a fluid volume deficit
Decreased kidney function, heart failure, hypotonic fluids to replace isotonic fluid
losses, excessive
,irrigation of wounds & body cavities, & excessive ingestion of sodium. -
answerCauses of overhydration or fluid overload:
Trauma, burns, sepsis, or metabolic or respiratory acidosis. - answerHyperkalemia
causes:
Cushing's syndrome or colitis & over use of laxatives. - answerHypokalemia causes:
Decreased pH & decreased HCO3. Occurs in kidney disease; diabetic ketoacidosis;
high fat diet; insufficient metabolism of carbohydrates; malnutrition; ingestion of
toxins, such as acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin); malnutrition; severe diarrhea. Intestinal
secretion high in bicarbonate & may be lost through enteric drainage tubes, an
ileostomy, or diarrhea. - answerMetabolic acidotic
Nausea & vomiting. Loss of gastric acid, cause pH & HCO3 to increase.
Symptoms experienced would include hypoventilation & tachycardia. -
answerMetabolic alkalosis
Decreased pH and an increased CO2. Hypoventalation & COPD - answerRespiratory
acidotic
Increased pH & decreased CO2. Hyperventalation, Lethargy, lightheadedness,
confusion, tachycardia, dysrhythmias related to hypokalemia, nausea, vomiting,
epigastric pain, numbness & tingling of extremities. Hyperventilation (tachypnea)
occurs. - answerRespiratory alkalotic
Sample for PT & INR level to determine anticoagulation status & risk
for bleeding - answerWarfarin (Coumadin)
aPTT monitors the effects. Anticoagulant used most often during hemodialysis.
Monitors extent of anticoagulation checking PTT, which is appropriate measure
heparin effect. Protamine sulfate is antidote. - answerHeparin
Dark green leafy vegetables good source iron, oranges are a good source of
vitamin C, which enhances iron absorption. - answerIron deficiency anemia
foods in diet:
, May lack B12 in diet. - answerVegans
Include fruits & vegetables - answerLow sodium foods:
Highly processed or refined foods (tomato soup, instant oatmeal), Saltwater
fish & shellfish. Smoked foods, - answerHigh Sodium foods:
Water, bouillon, clear broth, carbonated beverages, gelatin, hard candy,
lemonade, ice pops, and regular or decaffeinated coffee or tea. - answerClear
liquid diet:
Pulling, Vegetable juice, Pureed vegetables, plain ice cream, sherbet, breakfast
drinks, milk, pudding & custard, soups that are strained, refined cooked cereals,
& strained vegetable juices. - answerFull liquid diet:
Pork products rich in this vitamin. Other good food sources include nuts, whole
grain cereals, & legumes. - answerHigh Thiamine foods
On the left side, with the head lower than the feet. This position used to
minimize effect of air traveling as a bolus to lungs by trapping it in right side of
heart. - answerSuspects air embolism. Should immediately place client in which
position?
Assess for known allergies to eggs to prevent anaphylaxis. - answerFat emulsion
(lipids)
Signs include excessive thirst, fatigue, restlessness, confusion, weakness,
Kussmaul's respirations, diuresis, & coma when severe. If has these symptoms,
blood glucose level should be checked immediately. - answerHyperglycemia:
Temperature and weight: Temperature monitored to detect infection, potential
complication of therapy. Infection also could result in sepsis because catheter in
blood vessel. Weight monitored
