NCLEX RN LATEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Is a process of learning a different culture to adapt to a new or changing environment. -
answerAcculturation.
It is a subjective perspective of the person's heritage and a sense of belonging to a group -
answerEthnic identity
Include meditation, relaxation techniques, imagery, music therapy, massage, touch, laughter,
humor, & spiritual measures (prayer). - answerLow-risk therapies:
Because of their health & dietary practices, Native Americans, Latino Americans, Hispanic
Americans, & African Americans. - answerHigh risk of obesity & diabetes mellitus
Surgery is not prohibited, but the administration of blood and blood products is forbidden. This
religious group believes the soul cannot live after death. Administration of medication is an
acceptable practice except if the medication is derived from blood products. - answerJehovah's
Witnesses
Believers adhere to dietary kosher laws. In this religion, the dairy-meat combination is
unacceptable. Only fish that have scales and fins are allowed; meats that are allowed include
animals that are vegetable eaters, cloven-hoofed, and ritually slaughtered. - answerOrthodox
Judaism
include whole medical systems, mind-body medicine, biologically based practices, manipulative &
body-based practices, & energy medicine. - answerFive categories of complementary and
alternative medicine (CAM):
Focused, maintains strong control, makes decisions, & addresses all problems. Dominates group &
commands, rather than seeks suggestions or input. Manager addresses problem (quality
improvement) with taff, designs a plan without input, & wants all problems reported directly back
to her - answerAutocratic leader
,Participative & would likely meet with each staff person individually to determine staff member's
perception of problem. Would also speak with the staff about any issues & ask the staff for input
with developing a plan. - answerDemocratic leader
Passive and nondirective. Would state what the problem was & inform staff that the staff needed
to come up with a plan to "fix it." - answerLaissez-faire leader
Assessment findings include cough, dyspnea, crackles, tachypnea, tachycardia, elevated blood
pressure, bounding pulse, elevated CVP, weight gain, edema, neck & hand vein distention, altered
LOC, & decreased hematocrit. - answerOverhydration or fluid overload & occurs when fluid intake
or fluid retention
Avocado, bananas, cantaloupe, carrots, fish, mushrooms, oranges, potatoes, pork, beef, veal,
raisins, spinach, strawberries, & tomatoes - answerCommon food sources of potassium:
Muscle weakness, increased urinary output, & decreased specific gravity of the urine would be
noted - answerHyponatremia
Causative factors relate to malnutrition or starvation & the use of aluminum hydroxide-based or
magnesium-based antacids. Malnutrition is associated with alcoholism. -
answerHypophosphatemia
Renal insufficiency, hypoparathyroidism, & tumor lysis syndrome; causative factors. Should avoid
foods high in phosphates; fish, eggs, milk products, vegetables, whole grains, & carbonated
beverages. - answerHyperphosphatemia
Vomiting, diarrhea, conditions that increased respiration's or increased urinary output,
insufficient intravenous fluid replacement, draining fistulas, presence of ileostomy or colostomy.
Diuretics, & gastrointestinal suctioning. - answerCauses of a fluid volume deficit
Decreased kidney function, heart failure, hypotonic fluids to replace isotonic fluid losses, excessive
,irrigation of wounds & body cavities, & excessive ingestion of sodium. - answerCauses of
overhydration or fluid overload:
Trauma, burns, sepsis, or metabolic or respiratory acidosis. - answerHyperkalemia causes:
Cushing's syndrome or colitis & over use of laxatives. - answerHypokalemia causes:
Decreased pH & decreased HCO3. Occurs in kidney disease; diabetic ketoacidosis; high fat diet;
insufficient metabolism of carbohydrates; malnutrition; ingestion of toxins, such as acetylsalicylic
acid (aspirin); malnutrition; severe diarrhea. Intestinal secretion high in bicarbonate & may be lost
through enteric drainage tubes, an ileostomy, or diarrhea. - answerMetabolic acidotic
Nausea & vomiting. Loss of gastric acid, cause pH & HCO3 to increase. Symptoms experienced
would include hypoventilation & tachycardia. - answerMetabolic alkalosis
Decreased pH and an increased CO2. Hypoventalation & COPD - answerRespiratory acidotic
Increased pH & decreased CO2. Hyperventalation, Lethargy, lightheadedness, confusion,
tachycardia, dysrhythmias related to hypokalemia, nausea, vomiting, epigastric pain, numbness &
tingling of extremities. Hyperventilation (tachypnea) occurs. - answerRespiratory alkalotic
Sample for PT & INR level to determine anticoagulation status & risk for bleeding -
answerWarfarin (Coumadin)
aPTT monitors the effects. Anticoagulant used most often during hemodialysis. Monitors extent of
anticoagulation checking PTT, which is appropriate measure heparin effect. Protamine sulfate is
antidote. - answerHeparin
Dark green leafy vegetables good source iron, oranges are a good source of vitamin C, which
enhances iron absorption. - answerIron deficiency anemia foods in diet:
, May lack B12 in diet. - answerVegans
Include fruits & vegetables - answerLow sodium foods:
Highly processed or refined foods (tomato soup, instant oatmeal), Saltwater fish & shellfish.
Smoked foods, - answerHigh Sodium foods:
Water, bouillon, clear broth, carbonated beverages, gelatin, hard candy, lemonade, ice pops, and
regular or decaffeinated coffee or tea. - answerClear liquid diet:
Pulling, Vegetable juice, Pureed vegetables, plain ice cream, sherbet, breakfast drinks, milk,
pudding & custard, soups that are strained, refined cooked cereals, & strained vegetable juices. -
answerFull liquid diet:
Pork products rich in this vitamin. Other good food sources include nuts, whole grain cereals, &
legumes. - answerHigh Thiamine foods
On the left side, with the head lower than the feet. This position used to minimize effect of air
traveling as a bolus to lungs by trapping it in right side of heart. - answerSuspects air embolism.
Should immediately place client in which position?
Assess for known allergies to eggs to prevent anaphylaxis. - answerFat emulsion (lipids)
Signs include excessive thirst, fatigue, restlessness, confusion, weakness, Kussmaul's respirations,
diuresis, & coma when severe. If has these symptoms, blood glucose level should be checked
immediately. - answerHyperglycemia:
Temperature and weight: Temperature monitored to detect infection, potential complication of
therapy. Infection also could result in sepsis because catheter in blood vessel. Weight monitored
Is a process of learning a different culture to adapt to a new or changing environment. -
answerAcculturation.
It is a subjective perspective of the person's heritage and a sense of belonging to a group -
answerEthnic identity
Include meditation, relaxation techniques, imagery, music therapy, massage, touch, laughter,
humor, & spiritual measures (prayer). - answerLow-risk therapies:
Because of their health & dietary practices, Native Americans, Latino Americans, Hispanic
Americans, & African Americans. - answerHigh risk of obesity & diabetes mellitus
Surgery is not prohibited, but the administration of blood and blood products is forbidden. This
religious group believes the soul cannot live after death. Administration of medication is an
acceptable practice except if the medication is derived from blood products. - answerJehovah's
Witnesses
Believers adhere to dietary kosher laws. In this religion, the dairy-meat combination is
unacceptable. Only fish that have scales and fins are allowed; meats that are allowed include
animals that are vegetable eaters, cloven-hoofed, and ritually slaughtered. - answerOrthodox
Judaism
include whole medical systems, mind-body medicine, biologically based practices, manipulative &
body-based practices, & energy medicine. - answerFive categories of complementary and
alternative medicine (CAM):
Focused, maintains strong control, makes decisions, & addresses all problems. Dominates group &
commands, rather than seeks suggestions or input. Manager addresses problem (quality
improvement) with taff, designs a plan without input, & wants all problems reported directly back
to her - answerAutocratic leader
,Participative & would likely meet with each staff person individually to determine staff member's
perception of problem. Would also speak with the staff about any issues & ask the staff for input
with developing a plan. - answerDemocratic leader
Passive and nondirective. Would state what the problem was & inform staff that the staff needed
to come up with a plan to "fix it." - answerLaissez-faire leader
Assessment findings include cough, dyspnea, crackles, tachypnea, tachycardia, elevated blood
pressure, bounding pulse, elevated CVP, weight gain, edema, neck & hand vein distention, altered
LOC, & decreased hematocrit. - answerOverhydration or fluid overload & occurs when fluid intake
or fluid retention
Avocado, bananas, cantaloupe, carrots, fish, mushrooms, oranges, potatoes, pork, beef, veal,
raisins, spinach, strawberries, & tomatoes - answerCommon food sources of potassium:
Muscle weakness, increased urinary output, & decreased specific gravity of the urine would be
noted - answerHyponatremia
Causative factors relate to malnutrition or starvation & the use of aluminum hydroxide-based or
magnesium-based antacids. Malnutrition is associated with alcoholism. -
answerHypophosphatemia
Renal insufficiency, hypoparathyroidism, & tumor lysis syndrome; causative factors. Should avoid
foods high in phosphates; fish, eggs, milk products, vegetables, whole grains, & carbonated
beverages. - answerHyperphosphatemia
Vomiting, diarrhea, conditions that increased respiration's or increased urinary output,
insufficient intravenous fluid replacement, draining fistulas, presence of ileostomy or colostomy.
Diuretics, & gastrointestinal suctioning. - answerCauses of a fluid volume deficit
Decreased kidney function, heart failure, hypotonic fluids to replace isotonic fluid losses, excessive
,irrigation of wounds & body cavities, & excessive ingestion of sodium. - answerCauses of
overhydration or fluid overload:
Trauma, burns, sepsis, or metabolic or respiratory acidosis. - answerHyperkalemia causes:
Cushing's syndrome or colitis & over use of laxatives. - answerHypokalemia causes:
Decreased pH & decreased HCO3. Occurs in kidney disease; diabetic ketoacidosis; high fat diet;
insufficient metabolism of carbohydrates; malnutrition; ingestion of toxins, such as acetylsalicylic
acid (aspirin); malnutrition; severe diarrhea. Intestinal secretion high in bicarbonate & may be lost
through enteric drainage tubes, an ileostomy, or diarrhea. - answerMetabolic acidotic
Nausea & vomiting. Loss of gastric acid, cause pH & HCO3 to increase. Symptoms experienced
would include hypoventilation & tachycardia. - answerMetabolic alkalosis
Decreased pH and an increased CO2. Hypoventalation & COPD - answerRespiratory acidotic
Increased pH & decreased CO2. Hyperventalation, Lethargy, lightheadedness, confusion,
tachycardia, dysrhythmias related to hypokalemia, nausea, vomiting, epigastric pain, numbness &
tingling of extremities. Hyperventilation (tachypnea) occurs. - answerRespiratory alkalotic
Sample for PT & INR level to determine anticoagulation status & risk for bleeding -
answerWarfarin (Coumadin)
aPTT monitors the effects. Anticoagulant used most often during hemodialysis. Monitors extent of
anticoagulation checking PTT, which is appropriate measure heparin effect. Protamine sulfate is
antidote. - answerHeparin
Dark green leafy vegetables good source iron, oranges are a good source of vitamin C, which
enhances iron absorption. - answerIron deficiency anemia foods in diet:
, May lack B12 in diet. - answerVegans
Include fruits & vegetables - answerLow sodium foods:
Highly processed or refined foods (tomato soup, instant oatmeal), Saltwater fish & shellfish.
Smoked foods, - answerHigh Sodium foods:
Water, bouillon, clear broth, carbonated beverages, gelatin, hard candy, lemonade, ice pops, and
regular or decaffeinated coffee or tea. - answerClear liquid diet:
Pulling, Vegetable juice, Pureed vegetables, plain ice cream, sherbet, breakfast drinks, milk,
pudding & custard, soups that are strained, refined cooked cereals, & strained vegetable juices. -
answerFull liquid diet:
Pork products rich in this vitamin. Other good food sources include nuts, whole grain cereals, &
legumes. - answerHigh Thiamine foods
On the left side, with the head lower than the feet. This position used to minimize effect of air
traveling as a bolus to lungs by trapping it in right side of heart. - answerSuspects air embolism.
Should immediately place client in which position?
Assess for known allergies to eggs to prevent anaphylaxis. - answerFat emulsion (lipids)
Signs include excessive thirst, fatigue, restlessness, confusion, weakness, Kussmaul's respirations,
diuresis, & coma when severe. If has these symptoms, blood glucose level should be checked
immediately. - answerHyperglycemia:
Temperature and weight: Temperature monitored to detect infection, potential complication of
therapy. Infection also could result in sepsis because catheter in blood vessel. Weight monitored
