NUR 205 Pharmacology Final Review Test 1 to 5 Question and Answers,100% CORRECT

NUR 205 Pharmacology Final Review Test 1 to 5 Question and Answers Pharmacology Test #1 Which effect on the body does the nurse understand is the reason for the need to discontinue medication when a client’s liver function test becomes elevated as a result of the medication? Adverse effect 1. A student nurse ask the nursing instructor how to remember all of the antibiotic drugs since there are so many. What is the best response by the instructor? Focus on a representative drug from each class 2. After administering a drug the nurse monitors the client for reactions. Which reaction has the highest potential to be life threatening? Anaphylaxis 3. A nurse is teaching patient(s) about over the counter medications. The nurse determines that education has been effective when patient(s) makes which statement below? After reading the label for the directions, I will call my doctor if I don’t understand 4. A student nurse ask the nursing instructor why anatomy and physiology as well as microbiology are required course when the student only wants to learn about pharmacology. What is the best response by the instructor? An understanding of those subjects is essential to understand pharmacology 5. Which of the following is the most preferred site for IM injections? Ventrogluteal 6. A nurse is documenting a list of medications which on is complementary? Vitamin C 7. One useful method of organizing drug is based on their usefulness in treating particular diseases or disorders is known as? The therapeutic classification 8. The nurse is employed by the FDA an is involved in a clinical investigation. The nurse’s primary role in this phase is of the FDA review and approval is to perform test on which of the following? Human patients 9. A family member is reviewing the medications of their mother and understands that medications can be found in a medical reference summarizing standards for drug purity, strength, and directions for synthesis. This reference is found where? 10. A nurse provides medication education to a patient with terminal cancer. The physician has ordered morphine a schedule II drug for the patient. The nurse determines learning has occurred when the patient makes which statement? I need to see my doctor before my prescription runs out so I can get a refill 11. A nurse is teaching a patient about their medications and the patient is worried about getting addicted to the medications. The nurse explains that which of the following drugs has the highest potential for dependency? Heroine 12. A drug is withdrawn from a patient who has been taking it routinely for many years. The patient has developed muscle tremors, how would the nurse document this event? Assessment findings associated with physical dependence on a drug 13. Which complementary alternative therapy is used in hopes to relieve your neurological symptoms to BPH? Saw Palmetto 14. A nurse is preparing to administer a patient’s medications. Which of the following is most important to assess first? Assess the patient’s allergies 15. A nurse is preparing to administer a topical medication. What is the priority nursing intervention? Assess the patient’s skin where the medication will be applied 16. A patient is receiving 10mL of liquid antibiotic BID the nurse providing discharge instructions will teach the patient to administer which amount of each dose? 17. A patient has prescription of IV medication for nausea. The patient asks the nurse how it will help for nausea since it is given in his vein. Which is the best therapeutic response by the nurse? This will work much faster for your nausea 18. A patient prescribed a loading dose to be followed by a lower maintenance dose ask the nurse why the maintenance does is lower. Which response should the nurse provide? You have a larger does initially so that medication will work more quickly 19. What is the rationale for administration of a loading dose of a drug? It more rapidly builds plasma drug levels to a plateau level 20. The nurse administers medication by various routes of delivery. The nurse recognizes which route of administration requires higher doses of drug to achieve a therapeutic effect? Oral 21. A nursing student has the nurse which organ is the most responsible for the first pass effect. Which is the nurse best response? Liver 22. A student nurse ask the nurse about a drug that has been prescribed to decrease the effects of an endogenous chemical. The nurse understands that this drug is placed in which category? Antagonist 23. A patient looks up the drug they are taking in the drug guide and the patient ask the nurse why the physician prescribed a drug that has a lethal dose measure. What is the nest response by the nurse? It is a value determined in research that helps determine the safe dose to give 24. Which adverse effect should the nurse teach the patient prescribed Doxazosin alpha1 adrenergic antagonist? Orthostatic hypotension 25. The nurse follows the nursing process when conducting medication education about insulin. What will the nurse ask the patient to evaluate the patient’s knowledge of insulin? Can you tell me four points you remember about how to take your insulin 26. The nurse is reviewing the steps of the nursing process with a student. The nurse is aware that it is more important to be accurate in which portion of the nursing process? Assessment 27. The nurse has several educational pamphlets for a patient about medications the patient is receiving. Prior to giving the patients these pamphlets what is the most important assessment by the nurse? Assess the patients reading level 28. The order reads Tylenol 325 mg PO BID. Which action should the nurse take? Administer the medication twice a day 29. Obtaining subjective and objective data provides valuable information when administering medication. What part of the nursing process is the nurse utilizing? Assessment 30. Primary healthcare provider prescribes a medication that is known to cause nephrotoxicity. Which element of pharmacokinetics is critical when assessing the client’s response to this medication? Excretion 31. The phase of the nursing process that formulates outcomes and selects interventions that assist the patient to establish an optimal level of wellness is called? Planning 32. The phase of the nursing process key component is patient education is known as? Implementing 33. The nurse recognizes that agency system checks are in place to decrease medication errors. Who commonly collaborates with nurses on checking the accuracy of medication prior to administration? Pharmacist 34. Category E medication errors have occurred on a hospital unit. When discussing this trend with the staff, the risk manager will list which characteristic of category E error? A client was harmed 35. A nurse manager is discussing medication errors with a group of nurses. Which statement by the nurse indicates the teaching was effective? Hand written orders are frequently associated with medication errors than are typed orders 36. A student nurse ask the nurse instructor which federal agency is responsible for reviewing all medication error reports? NCCMERP 37. A nurse is administering medication to a client, the client states, “I’ve never taken that yellow pill before.” What should the nurse do first? Verify the order and double check the label 38. A client receiving androgen therapy expresses concerns about recent body changes as a result of the therapy. What is the most therapeutic response by the nurse? Can you tell me specifically what changes you are talking about 39. The nurse is preparing to assess a client suspected of having BPH. Which common finding should the nurse anticipate? Nocturia 40. Which information should the nurse include in education for client prescribed Viagra? Be sure to only take one pill within 24 hours 41. A client has benign hyperplasia (BPH) and hypertension. Which medication could the client safely receive for hypertension? Terazosin 42. The client comes into the clinic and asks for a prescription for tadalafil (Cialis). What is a priority assessment question for the nurse to ask? Do you use nitroglycerin? 43. Which describes the goal of androgen therapy in men? Increase the libido 44. A male client has been prescribed finasteride (Proscar). Which medication education should the nurse provide? Pregnant women should not touch this medication Pharmacology Test #2 1. It is priority to teach patients who have PUD the importance of eliminating tobacco and alcohol use 2. Drug therapy that prevents recurrence of peptic ulcers associated with H. pylori must include Antibiotics 3. A 36-year-old woman who is taking bismuth subsalicylate, tetracycline, and metronidazole experiences black colored stool. What is the priority nursing action at this time? Completing an abdominal assessment 4. The generic names of histamine2 receptor antagonist (H2RAs) share the which common suffix? -dine 5. A 47-year-old woman who has been taking an NSAID for rheumatoid arthritis and an oral contraceptive is prescribed misoprostol (Cytotec) to treat GI distress relating to NSAID use. She informs the nurse that she has stopped taking her oral contraceptives because she has not had a period for 2 months and thinks she could be in menopause. What should the nurse do? Hold the medications and consult the prescriber regarding a pregnancy test 6. Which of the following medications works by creating a protective barrier in the stomach against acid and pepsin? Sucralfate (Carafate) 7. Which of the following medications blocks H2 receptors thereby reducing both the volume of gastric juice and its hydrogen ion concentration? Famotidine (Pepcid) 8. Which of the following medications works quickly to neutralize acid in the stomach? Aluminum hydroxide (AlternaGel) 9. Which of the following types of laxatives has the mechanism of action to swell in water to form a viscous solution or gel, thereby softening the fecal mass? Bulk forming 10. An older adult has been diagnosed with pernicious anemia, and replacement therapy is ordered. The nurse will anticipate administering which vitamin and by what technique Vitamin B12, by intramuscular injection 11. A patient has been using mineral oil daily as a laxative. Because excessive use can interfere with vitamin K absorption, it would be a priority to report which of the following symptom? Bruising 12. Milk of Magnesia, 1 oz is prescribed. How many mL will the nurse administer? 30 mL 13. Which planned activity would be of most concern if a patient has been prescribed scopolamine (Transderm-Scop)? Driving a delivery truck 14. The nurse tells the nurse that he takes a multivitamin containing vitamin K. The nurse reports this information to the patient's prescriber because the patient has been prescribed which drug? Warfarin 15. The nurse includes in her health promotion teaching that Vitamin C supplementation has been approved for which use? Promotion of wound healing 16. A patient with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), who has difficulty following drug regimens with multiple doses has been prescribed cimetidine 800mg once a day at bedtime. The patient complains that the medication effects wear off before taking the next dose. To prolong the beneficial effects of the drug, the nurse instructs the patient to take the medication With food 17. What is the most important teaching the nurse should provide regarding bulk forming laxatives? They should be taken with 8 oz of water or juice. 18. The nurse is caring for a patient that is morbidly obese and is currently prescribed orlistat (Alli) for control of obesity. The nurse understands that this medication is effective because it is part of which class of medications? Lipase inhibitors 19. The most common cause of thiamine deficiency is related to Alcohol abuse 20. An important function of vitamin A is to Promote visual pigment of the eye 21. A teacher sends a Hispanic migrant worker's child to the school nurse's office because he is concerned that the child has a smooth, swollen tongue and cracks in the corners of her mouth and lips. The nurse knows that this may be a vitamin deficiency, possibly caused by a diet who main component is home ground corn 22. The nurse knows that which statement is true about vitamins? They are needed for energy transformation and regulation of metabolic processes. 23. Antidiarrheal medications are contraindicated in patient with Clostridium difficile 24. Which of the following medications is a Surfactant (Stool Softener)? docusate (Colace) 25. Which of the following antacids would the nurse the teach the patient to monitor for fluid retention? sodium bicarbonate (Alka Seltzer) 26. Which of the following drugs are used to treat peptic ulcer disease (PUD)? Select all that apply. Antacids H2 receptor antagonists Proton pump inhibitors 27. Which of the following minerals is considered a primary antioxidant? Vitamin E 28. Which classification of drugs are first line drugs for the pharmacotherapy of serious nausea and vomiting? Serotonin Receptor Antagonists 29. The drug psyllium (Metamucil) is which type of laxative? bulk forming 30. The nurse is assisting the older adult diagnosed with a gastric ulcer to schedule her medication administration. What would be the most appropriate time for this patient to take her pantoprazole (Protonix)? About 30 minutes before her morning meal Pharmacology Test #3 1. A nursing student is discussing with her instructor Mrs. Smith about a medication she could take to increase her brain power and memory. The herbal supplement is gingko, what possible side effects? Increased bleeding or coagulation 2. Which of the following herbal supplements has been suggested to assist with nausea and vomiting? Ginger 3. The client confides in the nurse that he/she is drawn to complementary and alternative medicines because it promotes the whole person. The client would like spirituality and prayer included in his plan of care. What is the best response by the nurse? We will include spirituality in your plan, would you like to say a prayer? 4. The nurse plans to teach clients about the difference between herbal preparations and prescription medications. Which statement describes the best plan by the nurse? "The active ingredients in an herb, unlike prescription drugs, may be present in just one part or many parts." 5. The older adult ask the nurse how dietary supplements will help support their health. What is the best response by the nurse? Fish oil will help enhance brain function. 6. The client is being treated for a cardiac dysrhythmia with Amiodarone or cartorone. The client has elevated liver function test. Which assessment finding would the nurse suspect as contributing to the elevated LFT’s? The client was taking echinacea to treat cold symptoms 7. The nurse is planning to a client about the relationship between complementary and alternative therapies to pharmacology. What should the nurse include? They can reduce client medication needs 8. The client ask the nurse what complications are due to the drug-herbal interactions. How would the nurse respond? Increased bleeding or decreased coagulation 9. A client ask the nurse how methadone can help with Heroine dependence. Which response should the nurse provide? Methadone does not cause euphoria like Heroine does 10. A client ask the nurse how morphine will control pain. Which response should the nurse provide to the client? It interacts with receptors in the body to produce analgesia 11. The educator has discussed with the nurse the protocol for the availability of Naloxone for a client with a PCA pump. Which statement made by the nurse indicates an understanding of the information? Narcan will reverse the effects of the narcotics in the PCA pump if an overdose occurs 12. Which statement made by the client prescribed aspirin indicates that the client is experiencing an adverse reaction? My stool has been dark in color 13. The educator has discussed the types of opioid receptors with the nurse. Which statement made by the nurse indicates an understanding of the information? Opioid agonist will activate mu and kappa receptors producing an analgesic effect 14. What statement about aspirin is accurate for the treatment of pain? Enteric coated capsules are available to reduce GI side effects 15. What is the priority concern for a patient that combines prescribed opioids with alcohol? Respiratory depression 16. Which of the following medications are NSAIDS? Toradol Mobic Celebrex 17. The patient with diabetes reports increasing pain and numbness in the legs, “It feels like pins and needles all the time, especially at night.” Which drug will the nurse expect to be prescribed for this patient? Neurontin 18. The emergency department nurse is caring for a patient with a migraine. Which drug will the nurse anticipate administering to abort the patient’s migraine attack? Imitrex 19. The client ask the nurse what a physical addiction to alcohol means. Which response should the nurse provide? The body becomes use to alcohol and if it is abruptly stopped, withdrawal symptoms occur 20. The client tells the nurse, “I’m going to get clean, I haven’t had any drugs or alcohol for 2 days.” Which substance should the nurse anticipate can resort in life threatening withdrawals? Alcohol 21. A parent expresses concern that his/her adolescent son is up late at night, is listless, and frequently uses eye drops for his blood shot eyes. Which statement should the nurse include in the discussion with the parents? Your son may be smoking marijuana 22. The nurse is providing education to a client that has smoked one pack of cigarettes per daily for the past few years and is currently prescribed an oral contraceptive. Which statement should the nurse include in the teaching? You are at a higher risk for a heart attack than nonsmokers. 23. The client ask the nurse which part of the brain controls anxiety and insomnia? Limbic system and RAS 24. A client who has been taking Ativan for two years presents to the clinic and tells the nurse that he/she has stopped taking his/her medication three days ago. Which assessment finding should the nurse anticipate? Increased heart rate, fever, and muscle cramps 25. The emergency department suspected an overdose of Ativan. Which drug should they prepare to administer? Romazicon 26. A client is prescribed Ambien for short-term insomnia. What is the primary safety concern for the nurse? Sleepwalking 27. The client presents to the clinic with symptoms of hyperthermia and diaphoresis. The client’s prescription history of Lexapro, St. John’s Wort, Levothyroxine, and acetaminophen. What should the nurse suspect has occurred? Serotonin syndrome 28. The client with anxiety and insomnia ask the nurse about the benefits of benzodiazepines. Which response should the nurse provide to the client? Benzodiazepines have the lowest risk for dependency and tolerance 29. The nurse is preparing the education of a client prescribed SSRIs. Which adverse effects should the nurse include in the teaching? Weight gain and sexual dysfunction 30. Know receptors Alpha 1, Alpha2, Beta 1, and Beta 2 31. Alpha 1 receptor antagonist share the suffix? -osin 32. Which adrenergic antagonist block alpha 1, alpha 2, and beta 2 receptors? Carvedilol and labetalol 33. Which is an adrenergic receptor associated with the sympathetic nervous system? beta 34. The healthcare provider has ordered urea choline a cholinergic drug for a client with urinary retention. The client also has an enlarged prostate gland. What is the priority action by the nurse? Hold the drug and contact the provider 35. You have a patient who is admitted to the hospital and they don’t know the medications they are taking? What is your next response as a nurse? Could you have someone to bring the pills to the hospital 36. Cogentin is an anticholinergic. The nurse understand that this medication is contraindicated in which client? The client with tachycardia 37. The client is a quadriplegic and receives an anticholinergic drug Ditropan to increase his bladder capacity. What is an important assessment of this client by the nurse? He is constipated. 38. The nurse is working with a student nurse. The nurse explains that a client would experience if adrenergic receptors are activated. Which of the following comments by the student nurse indicates that the education was effective? They have the fight or flight effects 39. The nurse is teaching a 56-year-old truck driver about taking Clonidine. It is very important to explain to the patient that the patient should take this medication in what way? The patient should take the medication at bedtime 40. The student nurse ask how Atropine increases the heart rate. By blocking the effects of acetylcholine by blocking the muscarinic receptors 41. A client is experiencing muscle discomfort from weight lifting. Which prescription should the nurse anticipate will be included in the treatment? Ibuprofen 42. The client has been prescribed Dantrium. Which question should the nurse ask the client? Are you pregnant? 43. Which should the nurse include in the plan of care for a client who has received Baclofen? Fall precautions 44. Which of the following muscle relaxers is a benzodiazepine? Klonopin 45. The patient is scheduled to receive myobloc for treatment of muscle spasticity. Which symptoms will the nurse teach the patient to report immediately? Difficulty swallowing (dysphagia), ptosis, and blurred vision Pharmacology Test #4 1. Your caring for a patient whose receiving Phenytoin Dilantin which assessment finding is a priority to report to the prescriber? exfoliative dermatitis, (Steven Johnson syndrome) 2. What is the priority nursing action when a patient is prescribed Tegretol and complains of vertigo? Patient Safety 3. A pt is admitted with Phenobarbital overdose, which prescribed action would be greatest priority? Breathing, assess respiratory status 4. A 40yr old male arrives to the ER suspected of diazepam (Valium) overdose which medication will the nurse administer to this patient? Romazicon 5. Which class of medications reduce seizure activity by potentiating GABA and is used for limited short-term therapy for absence seizures and myoclonic seizures? Benzodiazepines 6. The nurse is providing patient teaching to an antiseizure drug and instructs the patient not to mix with carbonated beverages because it will trigger the immediate release of the drug which cause severe mouth and throat irritation. Which medications is the nurse providing education about? Dilantin 7. The nurse would be especially vigilant to assess a patient for unexplained bleeding when the patient. is prescribed fluoxetine (Prozac) and Aspirin 8. Which is a priority assessment when a pt is switched from a TCA antidepressant to MAOI? Blood Pressure 9. It will be greatest priority to report which new condition to the prescriber of Wellbutrin? Epilepsy 10. A patient is taking Zoloft for depression, which of the following medications should avoid due to the risk of toxicity? Coumadin 11. Which are the drugs used to treat bipolar? 12. Which of the following medication is used for mood stabilizer and bipolar? Tegretol Lithium Geodon 13. The nurse determines that the teaching plan for pt prescribed Zoloft has been effective when the patient makes which statement? “It may take up to a month for the drug to reach full therapeutic effects and I’m feeling better.” 14. A 16 yr old patient has taken an overdose of Celexa and brought to the ER. What symptoms will the nurse expect to be present? Seizures, hypertension, tachycardia, extreme anxiety (Serotonin syndrome) 15. A 77 yr old patient is diagnosed with depression and anxiety and is started on Impramine, because of the patient’s age which adverse effect will take priority when planning care? Drowsiness and sedation (Fall risk) 16. Which of the following EPS symptoms is most common related to antipsychotics? Akathisia 17. Which medication is the first line treatment for schizophrenia and acute mania associated with bipolar disorder? Risperdal 18. The pt is admitted with acute mixed episodes of bipolar. The patient is started on valproic sodium, valproic, and bupropion (Wellbutrin) what is the nursing priority concern? Safety 19. Phenothiazine used to treat mental illness: high fever, tachycardia, incontinence, and confusion are signs of? NMS 20. A patient is treated for psychosis with fluphenazine what drug will the nurse anticipate maybe given to prevent the development of acute dystonia? Benztropine (Cogentin) 21. Any early sign of levodopa toxicity is which of the following? Spasmodic eye winking and muscle twitching 22. What is realistic outcome for a patient receiving drug therapy for Parkinson’s disease? Improved ability to perform activities of daily living 23. The nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving Exelon for Alzheimer’s which nursing priority is most common adverse effect for this drug? Ensuring adequate fluids and nutrition 24. What classification is Risperdal? Decrease neuropsychiatric symptoms 25. The nurse is administering Novantrone to a patient who is unresponsive of immunomodulator drug for MS. The nurse should hold the medication and contact the prescriber if the patient exhibit which symptoms? SOB and weight gain 26. A MS pt complains that she is still depressed and fatigued despite being prescribed fluoxetine (Prozac) for 3 months. What action by the nurse would be most appropriate at this point? Plan for the patient to discuss this problem with the prescriber 27. What is the antidote for Aricept? Atropine (Anticholinergic) 28. Which of the following medications are dopamine agonist? amantadine (Gocovri) apomorphine bromocriptine (Parlodel) levodopa-carbidopa (Sinemet) pramipexole (Mirapex) ropinirole (Requip) rotigotine (Neupro) 29. What is another name for second generation antipsychotics? Atypical Antipsychotics 30. A patient complains to the nurse that he has been experienced erectile dysfunction since he was prescribed ? Pharmacology Test #5 1. The nurse is providing education for nonpharmacological interventions to manage hypertension. Which information should the nurse include? Select all that apply. Increase your dietary intake of fruits and vegetables. Decrease the consumption of alcohol. Increase physical activity. Restrict your intake of sodium. 2. Which statement made by a client newly prescribed a beta-adrenergic blocker should the nurse be concerned about? "I have always had problems with my asthma." 3. The nurse has discussed lifestyle modifications to help manage the client's hypertension. Which statement made by the client indicates an understanding of the information? "I know I need to give up my cigarettes and alcohol." 4. The nurse is providing a client education about dysrhythmias. Which statement should the nurse include in the teaching? "Dysrhythmias interrupt the normal electrical pathways in the heart so it can't beat properly." 5. Which adverse effect should the nurse monitor a client for that is prescribed an antidysrhythmic? Palpitations, chest pain, weakness, and fatigue 6. The nurse recognizes that a drug is a beta blocker if the generic name of the drug ends in what suffix? olol 7. The nurse would notify the provider IF which drug was ordered with no order for monitoring of aPTT? Heparin 8. The nurse should teach patients who are prescribed warfarin (Coumadin) to eat consistent amounts of which food(s)? Green, leafy vegetables 9. The nurse has provided education for a client prescribed procainamide hydrochloride (Pronestyl). Which statement made by the client indicates an understanding of the information? "I will take this prescription even when I am feeling well." 10. For which assessment findings should the nurse hold Lisinopril? Select all that apply. Coughing Periorbital edema Difficulty swallowing 11. A client experiencing syncope is suspected of taking a losartan (Cozaar) overdose? Which intervention should the nurse anticipate? Administer an intravenous solution of normal saline 12. Which statement made by the client indicates an understanding of the education provided by the nurse regarding digoxin (Lanoxin) toxicity? "I will check my pulse and not take the medication if it is less than 60." 13. Which adverse effect of lisinopril (Prinivil) should be reported to the healthcare provider? Cough 14. Which classification of prescription should the nurse anticipate to be prescribed to a client newly diagnosed with chronic heart failure? Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor 15. Which prescription should the nurse anticipate to increase the myocardial contractility for a client with heart failure? Digoxin (Lanoxin) 16. Which is the most sensitive and effective biomarker of a myocardial infarction? Troponin 17. Which medication can be given for long term reversal of warfarin toxicity? Vitamin K 18. Enoxaparin (Lovenox) is administered to prevent blood clots and what method is it given to patients? Subcutaneously 19. What is the therapeutic blood levels recommended for warfarin (Coumadin)? INR 2-3.5 without signs of hemorrhage 20. What is the most serious adverse effect associated with amiodarone (Pacerone)? Pulmonary toxicity 21. Which information should the nurse include in the education for a client prescribed an antidysrhythmic? "Take the first dose of your prescription before bed." 22. A client who has been taking warfarin (Coumadin) is admitted with coffee ground emesis. What is the nurses primary action? Administer Vitamin K 23. Which statement made by the client indicates an understanding of self-care while taking prescriptions to treat their heart failure? "I will weigh myself every day in the morning after I wake up." 24. A patient is receiving an IV infusion of Heparin and was started on Warfarin therapy the night before. Which statement is most correct? The heparin provides anticoagulation until therapeutic levels of warfarin are reached. 25. Vitamin K is most important for? Coagulation 26. What is another name for Warfarin? Coumadin 27. Your patient is started on Heparin drip. You administer a bolus of and start the drip per protocol as ordered by the physician. What will be your first nursing action? Collect an aPTT level in 6 hours per protocol 28. Your patient is being discharged home and will be required to self-administered injectable Heparin. You are observing the patient administer their scheduled dose of Heparin to confirm that the patient knows how to do it correctly. What action by the patient requires you re-educate them about how to administer Heparin? The patient injects the needle 1inch away from the umbilicus 29. Warfarin is a(n)? Anticoagulant 30. Verapamil (Calan) is a calcium channel blocker, what should the nurse teach the patient about this medication? Do not crush the medication you most take the medication whole 31. The physician orders lisinopril (Zestril) and furosemide (Lasix) to be administered together to the client with hypertension. The nurse should: Administer the medications 32. Which vital sign is of the greatest concern to the nurse prior to administering digoxin (Lanoxin)? Apical pulse 33. What medication can reverse the effects of Heparin over dosage? Protamine Sulfate 34. Which adverse effect is shared among all antidysrhythmic drugs? Prodysrhythmic effects 35. A client asks the nurse if angina is the same thing as having a heart attack. Which response should the nurse provide? "Angina means the heart muscle is not getting enough oxygen, while heart attack, or myocardial infarction, means part of your heart has died." 36. A client receiving diltiazem (Cardizem) asks the nurse why they get a headache after taking the prescription. Which response should the nurse provide the client? "Diltiazem (Cardizem) causes the blood vessels in your brain to widen, giving you the headache." 37. Which information should the nurse include in the education for a client prescribed a transdermal nitroglycerin patch? Select all that apply. Rotate sites of application Cleanse the skin under the patch after removal 38. Which is the primary pharmacologic goal in the treatment of a client experiencing stable angina? Increase cardiac oxygen supply and reduce cardiac oxygen demand. Decreased myocardial oxygen demand Increase venous blood flow to the right atrium 39. Which action by the nurse is most important when caring for a patient with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) who has an order for furosemide (Lasix)? Assess urine output and renal laboratory values for signs of nephrotoxicity 40. The nurse is providing teaching to a patient prescribed furosemide (Lasix). Which of the following should the nurse teach the patient? Rise slowly from a lying or sitting position to standing 41. While planning for a patient’s discharge from the hospital, which teaching points would be included for a patient going home with a prescription for chlorothiazide (Diuril)? Report muscle cramping or weakness to the healthcare provider 42. Mr. Joe has a history of heart failure and will be started on spironolactone (Aldactone). The nurse advises him of what possible adverse effect while taking this medication? Gynecomastia 43. A patient will be sent home on diuretic therapy has a prescription for liquid potassium chloride (KCl). Which teaching will the nurse provide before the patient goes home? Dilute the medication with water, juice, or other liquids before taking 44. The nurse weights the patient who is on infusion of Lactated Ringer’s postoperatively and find that there has been a weight gain of 5 pounds since the previous day. What would be the nurse’s next priority? Assess the patient for signs of edema and blood pressure for possible hypertension 45. The nurse has just received an order from the physician to administer potassium chloride (KCl). Which order would she nurse question? Administer 10mEq IV push stat 46. Life threatening dysrhythmias is a serious adverse effect of? Alkalosis 47. diuretics can cause glucose levels to increase in patients diagnosed with diabetes Thiazides 48. Which laboratory test results should the nurse monitor when a patient is prescribed a diuretic? Electrolytes 49. Which fluids should the nurse recognize are appropriate isotonic solutions to be prescribed for the treatment of fluid loss during surgery? Select all that apply. 0.9% sodium chloride (NS) Lactated Ringer's 5% dextrose in water