NUR2115- Fundamentals of Professional Nursing - Final Exam Concept Review

NUR2115- Fundamentals of Professional Nursing Final Exam Concept Review All Modules Ø Review various nursing diagnoses related to specific patient problems discussed in Fundamentals Ø Roughly 60% of the final exam will be cumulative over mod 1-7 Module 1-3 Concepts: Ø Importance of documentation of assessments & interventions Ø Types of nonverbal behavior which could promote improved communication Ø The importance of QSEN competencies in nursing education Ø What is a sentinel event? Ø What is the main purpose for incident reporting? Ø Examples of health promotion activities for primary, secondary and tertiary Ø ISBARR, DARE, SOAPIEnotes for team communication Ø Review teaching for a patient with modifiable health risk factors Ø Age related safety concerns across the lifespan Ø 6 Dimensions of wellness definitions Ø Know the importance of basing our care plan on nursing theory Ø HP 2020 Goals Ø Developmental theories: focus on Erickson’s Ø EBP- what information to trust for best practices- ANA, CDC, US Dept of Health, National Institute of Health (NIH). Ø No .com sites for professional nursing. No blogs should be used as a reference-. Ø OK to use most .org .edu or .gov sites. Ø P.I.C.O. statements Ø ANA Scope of Practice Ø ANA Standards of Professional Performance- definitions (mod 1) Musculoskeletal: Ø Review education on crutch, cane, walkerambulation Ø Review safety precautions when repositioning patient in bed Ø Review nursing interventions which would be included in caring for a patient with contractures Ø Review the difference between active and passive range of motion Vital Signs: Ø Review the assessment of all vital signs including BP, HR, respirations, temperature and pulse ox. Ø Think about how you would handle VS outside of range for each VS and Spo2 Ø What trends in VS are worrisome and how should the RN respond? Ø Review normal values for VS: BP, HR, respirations, temperature and pulse ox across the lifespan Ø When may it be inappropriate to delegate VS? Module 4-7: Ø Review definitions of the nursing process including: Ø Assessment Ø nursing diagnoses Ø Planning Ø Outcomes Ø interventions Ø evaluation When you obtain your assessment data, what is the next step in the process? After establishing goals, what is the next step? After implementing a new teaching plan, what is the next step (using the nursing process?) In order to create a nursing diagnosis, what details do you reference?: A. the medical diagnosis or B. the Nursing assessment? When prioritizing the nursing diagnoses, what goes first, your actual diagnoses or the “risk for” diagnoses. Respiratory/Cardiac: Ø Review various lab data and normal values: BUN, electrolytes, CBC, blood glucose Ø Review the common adventitious lungs sounds (wheezes, pleural friction rub, rhonchi, crackles and stridor) and what specific conditions you would auscultate them (COPD, pneumonia, asthma, CHF) Ø Review respiratory terminology: dyspnea, cyanosis, tachypnea, bradypnea, apnea in beginning of Chap 38 Ø Review the ACUTE and Chronic effects of hypoxia on the respiratory system and the rest of the body. Ø Review the anatomical locations for auscultation of cardiac and respiratory systems (aortic, pulmonic, tricuspid and mitral) Ø Review how to determine types of pitting edema: 1+, 2+, 3+ and 4+ Ø Review interventions to decrease risks for pulmonary embolism Ø Review grading of pulses: bounding, normal, diminished, absent Infection/ Inflammation/ Thermoregulation: Ø Review the difference between inflammation and infection Ø Review the effects of excessive or ineffective inflammatory response which could occur in a patient Ø Review the purpose/benefits of the inflammatory process including fever benefits Ø Review infection terms: opportunistic, virulence, phagocytosis, hospital-acquired, nosocomial, immunocompromised Ø Review the chain of infection: infectious agent, reservoir, portal of exit, portal of entry, susceptible host, mode of transmission Ø Review stages of infection: incubation period, prodromal stage, full stage of illness, convalescent period Ø Review types of nosocomial and hospital acquired infections (HAI’s) Ø Review rationale of proper hand hygiene Ø Review terminology: bacteremia Ø Review signs and symptoms of infection Ø Review the difference between endogenous nosocomial and exogenous nosocomial infection (Mod 7) Integumentary and Tissue Integrity: Ø Review the stages of pressure ulcers including I, II, II and VI ulcers as well as unstageable and suspected deep tissue injury Ø Review integumentary changes in various developmental ages Ø Review the importance of nutrition and wound healing Ø Review the following precautions: protective, droplet, airborne, contact, standard, isolation, airborne Ø Review the difference between a wound evisceration, dehiscence, fistula, hemorrhage. Ø Review the use and advantages of negative pressure wound therapy (wound vac) Ø Review process of healing: primary, secondary, tertiary Ø Review the use and rationale of the Braden scale Ø Review the difference between acute and chronic wounds Ø Review the effect of shearing force and friction on skin integrity 40% of exam will be on the following sections: Glucose Regulation: Ø Review patient education a nurse would include in self administration of insulin Ø Review the normal lab values for fasting blood glucose and A1C Ø Review risk factors and complications of diabetes Ø Review treatment modalities for diabetes Ø Review treatment for hypoglycemia Ø Review education and teaching on foot care of a diabetic patient Gastrointestinal: Ø Review the complete assessment of the GI system including inspection, auscultation, palpation and percussion Ø Review conditions of diarrhea and constipation and precipitating factors of each Ø Review the components in a focused GI assessment Ø Review risks and treatments for constipation& diarrhea Ø Review effects of immobility on the GI system Ø Review the risk factors which increase irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) Ø Review diagnostic colon cancer screening Ø Review teaching regarding a patient undergoing a colonoscopy Ø Review education and teaching regarding ostomy care Ø Review side effects of diarrhea& constipation Ø Discuss the interrelationship between GI system disorders and antibiotics Genitourinary: Ø Review the components of performing a GU assess Ø Review s/s of UTI, risks for developing UTI and treatments Ø Review the effects of immobility on the GU system Ø Review the GU terminology: micturition, oliguria, dysuria, retention, urgency Ø Review nursing care for urinary incontinence Ø Review the process of obtaining a 24-hour urine collection Ø Review the collection of a midstream urine specimen Pain/Stress & Adaptation: Ø Review the effects that severe/uncontrolled pain has on VS Ø Review the types of pain: chronic, acute, intractable, neuropathic, radiating, phantom, referred psychogenic Ø Review which pain management tasks can be delegated to nursing assistant Ø Review alternative techniques of pain management: hypnosis, distraction, guided imagery, massage, reiki, music, aromatherapy Ø Review risks of inadequate pain management Ø Review care planning and prioritization of pain control Ø Describe the body’s stress response Ø What are the physiological effects of prolonged stress on the body? Ø Describe sleep deprivation and establishing a care plan around sleep