NCOA Test 2: Leadership and Management| QUESTIONS
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
Categorical Imperative Correct Answer: Any proposition that declares a certain kind of action or
inaction to be necessary. A hypothetical imperative would compel action under a particular
circumstance:
Ethics Correct Answer: behavior based on adopted attitudes and beliefs of what is right and
wrong or values and judgments about good and evil, and the study of how you judge those
behaviors. Ethics are a set of standards of conduct that guide decisions and actions based on
duties derived from core values.
Ethical Dilemma Correct Answer: An ethical dilemma is a situation where someone is forced to
choose between two alternatives. Both alternatives can be unfavorable i.e., less right vs. more
right and less wrong vs. more wrong.
Ethical Relativism Correct Answer: Ethical relativism is the belief that nothing is objectively
right or wrong and that the definition of right or wrong depends on the prevailing view of a
particular individual, culture, or historical period.
Military Ethics Correct Answer: The American military ethic is designed to put principle above
self-interest. Personal integrity and moral courage are keys to the viability of that ethic.
Morals Correct Answer: Morals are values that are attributed to a system of beliefs that help
define right from wrong and good versus bad.
Values Correct Answer: Values are the core beliefs you hold regarding what is right and fair in
terms of our actions and our interactions with others.
The Three O's Correct Answer: Owing, ordering, and oughting
The Three P's Correct Answer: Principle, truth-telling and honor, first; purpose, mission
accomplishment and duty, second; and people, Airmen third.
The Three R's Correct Answer: Rules, results, and realities explain that rules give us ethical
guidance; results are the outcomes, the bottom line, and the consequences of following or not
following those rules; and realities, which recognize the importance of the situation,
circumstances, or realities.
The Three D's Correct Answer: Discern the facts from assumptions and falsehoods; declare the
truth; do what is right based on what you have
learned and to take appropriate action for the situation as it stands.
Assistance Correct Answer: may include helping workers so they can be both mentally and
physically present on the job.
, Inclusion Correct Answer: involves responding to the needs of all Airmen so they feel valued
and part of the team.
Respect Correct Answer: accepting and promoting the value each individual brings to the work
center.
Assumptions Correct Answer: When you make an assumption, you are claiming something
about a situation that isn't supported by
facts.
Collusion Correct Answer: occurs when people cooperate with others, knowingly or
unknowingly, to reinforce those
behaviors that prevent others from fully entering into the workplace culture.
Discrimination Correct Answer: the treatment or consideration of making a distinction in favor
of or against a person or thing based on the group, class, or category to which that person or
thing belongs, rather than on individual
merit.
Diversity Correct Answer: defined as a composite of individual characteristics, experiences, and
abilities consistent with the Air Force Core Values and the Air Force Mission.
Diversity Awareness Correct Answer: the ability to recognize and respond to the needs of
various groups within an organization to improve working relationships, productivity, customer
satisfaction, and mission effectiveness.
Diversity Supportive Correct Answer: Act Proactively, Leadership-Driven, Encourage
Ownership of Initiatives, Think Inclusively, Mainstream Diversity
Equal Opportunity Correct Answer: refers to legal and regulatory mandates prohibiting
discrimination based on race, color, sex, national origin, religion, age, disability, or reprisal for
participating in the EEO process.
The F.A.I.R Way Correct Answer: strategy, cultural diversities are carefully considered because
of what they bring to the workplace by way of your inherent genetic and ethnical differences.
Feedback Correct Answer: is giving and receiving information on how to meet expectations.
Perceptions Correct Answer: are what you experience and observe that becomes your reality.
Perspectives Correct Answer: are your position on a particular subject. It is how you mentally
view a situation.
Prejudice Correct Answer: an adverse or unreasonable opinion or thought about a person or
group without all the facts and usually based on deeply held beliefs...it's a 'pre-judgment'.
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
Categorical Imperative Correct Answer: Any proposition that declares a certain kind of action or
inaction to be necessary. A hypothetical imperative would compel action under a particular
circumstance:
Ethics Correct Answer: behavior based on adopted attitudes and beliefs of what is right and
wrong or values and judgments about good and evil, and the study of how you judge those
behaviors. Ethics are a set of standards of conduct that guide decisions and actions based on
duties derived from core values.
Ethical Dilemma Correct Answer: An ethical dilemma is a situation where someone is forced to
choose between two alternatives. Both alternatives can be unfavorable i.e., less right vs. more
right and less wrong vs. more wrong.
Ethical Relativism Correct Answer: Ethical relativism is the belief that nothing is objectively
right or wrong and that the definition of right or wrong depends on the prevailing view of a
particular individual, culture, or historical period.
Military Ethics Correct Answer: The American military ethic is designed to put principle above
self-interest. Personal integrity and moral courage are keys to the viability of that ethic.
Morals Correct Answer: Morals are values that are attributed to a system of beliefs that help
define right from wrong and good versus bad.
Values Correct Answer: Values are the core beliefs you hold regarding what is right and fair in
terms of our actions and our interactions with others.
The Three O's Correct Answer: Owing, ordering, and oughting
The Three P's Correct Answer: Principle, truth-telling and honor, first; purpose, mission
accomplishment and duty, second; and people, Airmen third.
The Three R's Correct Answer: Rules, results, and realities explain that rules give us ethical
guidance; results are the outcomes, the bottom line, and the consequences of following or not
following those rules; and realities, which recognize the importance of the situation,
circumstances, or realities.
The Three D's Correct Answer: Discern the facts from assumptions and falsehoods; declare the
truth; do what is right based on what you have
learned and to take appropriate action for the situation as it stands.
Assistance Correct Answer: may include helping workers so they can be both mentally and
physically present on the job.
, Inclusion Correct Answer: involves responding to the needs of all Airmen so they feel valued
and part of the team.
Respect Correct Answer: accepting and promoting the value each individual brings to the work
center.
Assumptions Correct Answer: When you make an assumption, you are claiming something
about a situation that isn't supported by
facts.
Collusion Correct Answer: occurs when people cooperate with others, knowingly or
unknowingly, to reinforce those
behaviors that prevent others from fully entering into the workplace culture.
Discrimination Correct Answer: the treatment or consideration of making a distinction in favor
of or against a person or thing based on the group, class, or category to which that person or
thing belongs, rather than on individual
merit.
Diversity Correct Answer: defined as a composite of individual characteristics, experiences, and
abilities consistent with the Air Force Core Values and the Air Force Mission.
Diversity Awareness Correct Answer: the ability to recognize and respond to the needs of
various groups within an organization to improve working relationships, productivity, customer
satisfaction, and mission effectiveness.
Diversity Supportive Correct Answer: Act Proactively, Leadership-Driven, Encourage
Ownership of Initiatives, Think Inclusively, Mainstream Diversity
Equal Opportunity Correct Answer: refers to legal and regulatory mandates prohibiting
discrimination based on race, color, sex, national origin, religion, age, disability, or reprisal for
participating in the EEO process.
The F.A.I.R Way Correct Answer: strategy, cultural diversities are carefully considered because
of what they bring to the workplace by way of your inherent genetic and ethnical differences.
Feedback Correct Answer: is giving and receiving information on how to meet expectations.
Perceptions Correct Answer: are what you experience and observe that becomes your reality.
Perspectives Correct Answer: are your position on a particular subject. It is how you mentally
view a situation.
Prejudice Correct Answer: an adverse or unreasonable opinion or thought about a person or
group without all the facts and usually based on deeply held beliefs...it's a 'pre-judgment'.
