ATLS Test 1 Questions with answers 2022 edition

ATLS Test 1 Latest With Complete Solution A 22-year-old man is hypotensive and tachycardic after a shotgun wound to the left shoulder. His blood pressure is initially 80/40 mm Hg. After initial fluid resuscitation his blood pressure increases to 122/84 mm Hg. His heart rate is now 100 beats per minute and his respiratory rate is 28 breaths per minute. A tube thoracostomy is performed for decreased left chest breath sounds with the return of a small amount of blood and no air leak. After chest tube insertion, the most appropriate next step is: Select one: a. Reexamine the chest b. Perform an aortogram c. Obtain a CT scan of the chest d. Obtain arterial blood gas analyses e. perform transesophageal echocardiography Correct answers - a Reexamine the chest correct answerers A construction worker falls two stories from a building and sustains bilateral calcaneal fractures. In the emergency department, he is alert, vital signs are normal, and he is complaining of severe pain in both heels and his lower back. Lower extremity pulses are strong and there is no other deformity. The suspected diagnosis is most likely to be confirmed by: Select one: a. Angiography b. compartment pressures c. Retrograde urethrogram d. Doppler ultrasound studies e. Complete spine x-ray series Correct answers – e Complete spine x-ray series correct answerer – Which of the following is true regarding the initial resuscitation of a trauma patient? Select one: a. A patient that presents with a torso gunshot wound and is hypotensive should receive crystalloid fluid resuscitation until the blood pressure is normal. b. Evidence of improved perfusion after fluid resuscitation could include improvement in Glasgow coma scale score on reevaluation c. Massive transfusion is defined as transfusion of more than 10 of packed red blood cells and plasma in 24 hours d. When tranexamic acid is administered by pre-hospital providers a second dose is required within 24 hours patients. Correct answer - b Evidence of improved perfusion after fluid resuscitation could include improvement in Glasgow coma scale score on reevaluation Correct answerer In managing a patient with a severe traumatic brain injury, the most important initial step is to: Select one: a. Secure the airway b. Obtain a c-spine film c. Support the circulation d. Control scalp hemorrhage e. Determine the GCS score Feedback Your answer is Correct answers a. Secure the airway correct answer A previously healthy, 70-kg (154-pound) man suffers an estimated acute blood loss of 2 liters. Which one of the following statements applies to this patient? Select one: a. His pulse pressure will be widened. b. His urinary output will be at the lower limits of normal. c. He will have tachycardia, but no change in his systolic blood pressure. d. An ABG would demonstrate a base deficit between -6 and -10 mEq/L e. His systolic blood pressure will be maintained with an elevated diastolic pressure. Correct answers - d. An ABG would demonstrate a base deficit between -6 and -10 mEq/Lcorrect The physiologic hypervolemia of pregnancy has clinical significance in the management of the severely injured, gravid woman by: Select one: a. Reducing the need for blood transfusion b. Resulting in an elevated hematocrit c. Complicating the management of closed head injury d. Reducing the volume of crystalloid required for resuscitation e. Increasing the volume of blood loss to produce maternal hypotension Correct answers - e. Increasing the volume of blood loss to produce maternal hypotension. The best assessment of fluid resuscitation of the adult burn patient is: Select one: a. Urine output of 0.5 mL/kg/hr b. Normalization of blood pressure c. Normalization of the heart rate d. Measuring a normal central venous pressure e. Providing 4 mL/kg/percent body burn/24 hours of crystalloid fluid Correct answer - a. Urine output of 0.5 mL/kg/hr correct answerers The diagnosis of shock must include: Select one: a. hypoxemia b. acidosis c. hypotension d. increased vascular resistance e. evidence of inadequate organ perfusion Correct answers - e. Evidence of inadequate organ perfusion correct answerersA 7-year-old boy is brought to the emergency department by his parents several minutes after he fell through a window. He is bleeding profusely from a 6-cm wound of his medial right thigh. Immediate management of the wound should consist of: Select one: a. application of a tourniquet b. direct pressure on the wound c. packing the wound with gauze d. direct pressure on the femoral artery at the groin e. debridement of devitalized tissueCorrect answersb. direct pressure on the woundcorrect answerersFor the patient with severe traumatic brain injury, profound hypocarbia should be avoided to prevent: Select one: a. respiratory acidosis b. metabolic acidosis c. cerebral vasoconstriction with diminished perfusion d. neurogenic pulmonary edema e. shift of the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curveCorrect answersc. cerebral vasoconstriction with diminished perfusioncorrect answerersAfter being involved in a motor vehicle crash, a 25-year-old man is brought to a hospital that has surgery capabilities available.. Computed tomography of the chest and abdomen shows an aortic injury and splenic laceration with free abdominal fluid. His blood pressure falls to 70 mm Hg after CT. The next step is: Select one: a. obtain contrast angiography b. transfer to a higher level trauma center c. perform an exploratory laparotomy d. infuse additional crystalloid fluids e. Obtain transesophageal echocardiographyCorrect answersc. perform an exploratory laparotomycorrect answerersWhich one of the following statements regarding abdominal trauma in the pregnant patient is TRUE? Select one: a. The fetus is in jeopardy only with major maternal abdominal trauma. b. Leakage of amniotic fluid is an indication for hospital admission. c. Indications for peritoneal lavage are different from those in the nonpregnant patient. d. With penetrating trauma, injury to the mother's abdominal hollow viscus is more common in la