CBMT Exam Music Therapy Boards with 100% Correct Answers

Psychodynamic Approach - ANSWER--Human behavior is based on unconscious psychological processes (impulses, desires, motives) -Early childhood events Eclectic Approach - ANSWER--Draw freely from all approaches without accepting the frameworks behind them -Goal: more efficient treatment Behavioral Approach - ANSWER--Meant to change behavior -Classical/operant conditioning -ABA: applied behavioral analysis (autism) -Positive/negative reinforcement -Punishment and Reward Episodic Memory - ANSWER-long-term memory of specific experiences or events, linked to time and place that can be stated Semantic Memory - ANSWER-Common knowledge, not from personal experience Working Memory - ANSWER-Short/temporary while performing task/learning Procedural Memory - ANSWER-Long-term memory of how to perform different tasks without consciously thinking about previous experience Explicit Memory - ANSWER-Intentional recollection of long-term memory Implicit Memory - ANSWER-Long-term unconscious memory Reframing - ANSWER-Identifying thoughts and changing the way they're viewed Experimental Group Design - ANSWER-Employ scientific methods to test a hypothesis and control experimental variables in a controlled manner Locus of Control - ANSWER-the tendency for people to assume that they either have control or do not have control over events and consequences in their lives Internal Locus - ANSWER--Control your own fate -Effort has direct impact on success External Locus - ANSWER--No control of own fate -Luck or fate -No connection between effort and success Assimilation - ANSWER--Jean Piaget -Incorporating new ideas into existing ideas Accommodation - ANSWER--Jean Piaget -Concepts/schema are modified or new ones created to accommodate new knowledge -Relates to how young children integrate new info with things they already know to gain a better understanding of concepts and other knowledge Stereotypic Behavior - ANSWER--Variety of behaviors typical in individuals who have autism, blindness, etc. -Ex: flapping hands, swaying side to side, etc. Early Intervening - ANSWER--Included in 2004 reauthorization of IDEA -Allows/encourages schools to provide intervention to struggling services, even before they've been identified as special education Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) - ANSWER--Form of behavior modification that uses shaping techniques (in small steps) to mold a desired behavior or response -Prompting and reinforcements gradually decrease -Used commonly with autism, but is used with other disorders too Manifestation Determination - ANSWER--Student's inappropriate behavior is not a result, or manifestation, of his or her disability -Usually determined in a hearing and is required when a student's behavior violates school rules and before the school can undertake disciplinary action that might result in a student's suspension from school. Secondary Gains - ANSWER-Unexpected/unplanned outcomes over the course of therapy Flat Affect - ANSWER-No facial expression of emotion Sensory Impairments - ANSWER--Affects sensual contact with environment -Stops normal works of muscular receptions -Seeing, touching, moving, tasting Physical Therapy/Physiotherapy - ANSWER--Rehabilitative treatment of physical impairment/challenge -Massage, hydrotherapy, heat, and exercise. Physical Challenges/Impairment - ANSWER-Conditions that affect the ability of the body to perform normal functions Developmental Disability - ANSWER--Originates prior to 18 years -Indefinitely continuing handicap -Ex: autism, intellectual, CP, epilepsy, severe learning disabilities Forensic Psychiatry - ANSWER--Devoted to legal problems and infractions of law -Primarily criminal Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 - ANSWER-Civil rights law for people with disabilities to protect them from discrimination in a wide range of activities IDEA (Individuals with Disabilities Education Act) - ANSWER-1991 - Any student with a disability has the right to treatment and free, appropriate education in the least restrictive environment Case Study - ANSWER--Examinations of patients undergoing treatment, reporting progress of single case/group overtime FAPE Law - ANSWER--Component of IDEA - Free and appropriate public education -special education/related services designed to meet the individual needs of each student at no cost IEP - ANSWER--IDEA requires an IEP be developed by a team for each student receiving special education services IFSP - Individual Family Service Plan - ANSWER--Like IEP but broader - for children under 3 and their families -Specifies services and resources to be provided to the entire family Inclusion - ANSWER--Education of students with disabilities with same-age peers without disabilities -Taught in general education classroom with medications and services provided in that setting Related Services - ANSWER--Transportation and development, corrective and other support services that are required by a child with special needs in order for them to benefit from education. -Ex: speech, PT, OT, MT, interpreters for those with hearing impairments, medical services for diagnostic and evaluation purposes and assistive technology devices and services. Base Line Treatment Design - ANSWER--Compares behavior under conditions of no treatment and treatment of some kind Goal - ANSWER-Expected therapeutic outcome; purpose/direction of therapy Objective - ANSWER-Expected therapeutic outcome of therapy - define goal in clearly observable/measurable behaviors - SMART Objectives