Pharmacology Proctored Exam Test bank 1 2022 with answers and explanations

historyE. Allergies 10. A nurse is working with a newly licensed nurse who is administering medications to clients. Which of the following actions should the nurse identify as an indication that the newly hired nurse understands medicationerror prevention? 3 A. Taking all medications out of the unit-dose wrappers before entering the client's room B. Checking the prescription when a single dose requires administration of multiple tablets C. Administering a medication, then looking up the usual dosage range D. Relying on another nurse to clarify a medication prescription 11. A nurse in a clinic is caring for a group of clients. The nurse should contact the provider about a potentialcontraindication to a medication for which of the following clients? (Select all that apply.) A. A client at 8 weeks of gestation who asks for an influenza immunization B. A client who takes prednisone and has a possible fungal infection C. A client who has chronic liver disease and is taking hydrocodone / acetaminophen D. A client who has peptic ulcer disease, takes sucralfate, and has started taking OTC aluminum hydroxide 4 E. A client who has a prosthetic heart valve, takes warfarin, and reports a suspected pregnancy 12. A nurse is preparing to administer an IM dose of penicillin to a client who has a new prescription. Theclient states when they took penicillin 3 years ago, they developed a rash. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Administer the prescribed dose. B. Withhold the medication. C. Ask the provider to change the prescription to an oral form. D. Administer an oral antihistamine the same time. 13. A nurse is providing discharge instructions for a client who has a new prescription for an antihypertensivemedication. Which of the following statements should the nurse give? A. "Be sure to limit your potassium intake while taking the medication." B. "You should check your blood pressure every 8 hours while taking this medication." C. "Your medication dosage will be increased if you develop tachycardia." D. "Change positions slowly when you move from sitting to standing." 14. A nurse is reviewing a client's health record and notes that the client experienced permanent extrapyramidal effects caused by a previous medication. The nurse should recognize that the medicationaffected which of the following systems in the client? A. Cardiovascular B. Immune C. Central nervous D. Gastrointestinal 15. A nurse is caring for a client who is taking oral oxycodone. The client is also taking ibuprofen in three recommended doses daily. The nurse should identify that an interaction between these two medications willcause which of the following findings? A. A decrease in blood levels of ibuprofen, possibly leading to a need for increased doses of this medication B. A decrease in blood levels of oxycodone, possibly leading to a need for increased doses of this medication. C. An increase in the expected therapeutic effect of both medications 5 D. An increase in expected adverse effects for both medications 16. A nurse is preparing to administer medications to a 4-month-old infant. Which of the following pharmacokinetic principles should the nurse consider when administering medications to this client? (Select all that apply.) A. Infants have a more rapid gastric emptying time. B. Infants have immature liver function. C. Infants' blood-brain barrier is poorly developed. D. Infants have an increased ability to absorb topical medications. E. Infants have an increased number of protein-binding sites. 6 17. A nurse in a provider's office is reviewing the medical record of a client who is pregnant and at the firstprenatal visit. Which of the following immunizations can the nurse administer safely to this client? A. Varicella vaccine B. Rubella vaccine C. Inactivated influenza vaccine D. Measles vaccine 18. A nurse on a medical-surgical unit administers a hypnotic medication to an older adult client at 2100. Thenext morning, the client is drowsy and wants to sleep instead of eating breakfast. Which of the following factors should the nurse identify as a possible reason for the client's drowsiness? A. Reduced cardiac function B. First-pass effect C. Reduced hepatic function D. Increased gastric motility 19. A nurse is caring for a client who has increased liver enzymes and is taking herbal supplements. Which ofthe following herbal supplements should the nurse report to the provider as the potential cause? A. Glucosamine B. Saw palmettoC. Kava D. St. John's Wort 2. A nurse is caring for a client who requests information on the use of feverfew. Which of the tallowingresponses should the nurse make? A. "It is used to treat skin infections." B. "It can decrease the frequency of migraine headaches." C. "It can lessen the nasal congestion in the common cold." D. "It can relieve nausea of morning sickness during pregnancy." 20. A nurse is reviewing a client's current medications. The client states, "I also take ginkgo 7 biloba." Which ofthe following medications has the potential to interact with ginkgo biloba? A. Acetaminophen B. Warfarin C. Digoxin D. Lisinopril 21. A nurse is caring for a client who asks about the potential adverse effects of smoking cannabis. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse include in the response? (Select all that apply.) A. Decreased heart rate B. Dry mouth C. Hallucinations D. Hypertension 8 E. Increased urination 22. A nurse is teaching about the use of medical marijuana with a group of newly licensed nurses. Which of the following statements indicates an understanding of the teaching? A. A health care provider must write a prescription for medical marijuana. B. Medical marijuana is a Schedule V controlled substance in the United States. C. Pharmacies must obtain certification prior to dispensing medical marijuana. D. The FDA does not recognize the marijuana plant as a form of medicine. 23. A nurse working in an emergency department is caring for a client who has benzodiazepine toxicity. Which of the following actions is the nurse's priority? A. Administer flumazenil. B. Identify the client's level of orientation. C. Infuse IV fluids. D. Prepare the client for gastric lavage. 24. A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for escitalopram for treatment of generalized anxiety disorder. Which of the following statements by the client indicates understanding of the teaching? A. "I should take the medication on an empty stomach." B. "I will follow a low-sodium diet while taking this medication." C. "I need to discontinue this medication slowly." D. "I should not crush this medication before swallowing." 25. A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for buspirone to treat anxiety. Whichof the following information should the nurse include? A. "Take this medication on an empty stomach." B. "Expect optimal therapeutic effects within 24 hr." C. "Take this medication when needed for anxiety." D. "This medication has a low risk for dependency." 9 26. A nurse is teaching a client who has obsessive-compulsive disorder and has a new prescription forparoxetine. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? A. "It can take several weeks before you feel like the medication is helping." B. "Take the medication just before bedtime to promote sleep." C. "You should take the medication when needed for obsessive urges." D. "Monitor for weight gain while taking this medication." 27. A nurse is caring for a client who takes paroxetine to treat posttraumatic stress disorder and reports thatthey grind their teeth during the night. The nurse should identify which of the following interventions to manage bruxism? (Select all that apply.) A. Concurrent administration of buspirone 10 B. Administration of a different SSRIC. Use of a mouth guard D. Changing to a different class of antidepressant medication E. Increasing the dose of paroxetine 28. A nurse is teaching the guardians of a child who has a new prescription for desipramine. The nurse shouldinclude that which of the following adverse effects is the priority to report to the provider? A. Constipation B. Suicidal thoughts C. Photophobia D. Dry mouth 2. A nurse is teaching an adolescent client who has a new prescription for clomipramine for OCD. Which of thefollowing instructions should the nurse include to minimize an adverse effect of his medication? A. Wear sunglasses when outdoors. B. Check your temperature daily. C. Take this medication in the morning. D. Add extra calories to your diet. 29. A nurse is caring for a school-age child who has a new prescription for atomoxetine. The nurse shouldmonitor the client for which of the following manifestations as an adverse effect of this medication? A. Kidney toxicityB. Liver damage C. Seizure activity D. Adrenal insufficiency 30. A nurse is teaching the caregiver of a school-age child about transdermal methylphenidate. Which of thefollowing instructions should the nurse include? A. Apply one patch twice 11 per day.B. Leave the patch on for 9 hr. C. Apply the patch to the child's waist. D. Use opened tray within 6 months. 31. A nurse is teaching the guardians and their school-age child about a new prescription for lisdexamfetamine. Which of the following information should the include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.) A. An adverse effect of this medication is CNS stimulation. B. Administer the medication before bedtime. C. Monitor blood pressure while taking this medication. D. Therapeutic effects of this medication will take 1 to 3 weeks to fully develop. E. This medication raises the levels of dopamine in the brain. 12 32. A nurse is providing teaching to a group of new parents about medications. The nurse should include thataspirin is contraindicated for children who have a viral infection due to the risk of developing which of the following adverse effects? Reye's syndrome Visual disturbances Diabetes mellitus Wilms' tumor 33. A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has chronic kidney failure with an AV fistula for hemodialysis and a new prescription for epoetin alfa. Which of the following therapeutic effects of epoetin alfa should the nurse include in the teaching? Reduces blood pressure Inhibits clotting of fistula Promotes RBC production Stimulates growth of neutrophils 34. A nurse is caring for a client who has peptic ulcer disease and reports a headache. Which of the followingmedications should the nurse plan to administer? Ibuprofen Naproxen Aspirin Acetaminoph en 35. A nurse is preparing to administer heparin 8,000 units subcutaneously every 8hr. Available is heparin 10,000 units/1mL. How many mL should the nurse administer per dose? (Round the answer to the nearesttenth. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a 13 trailing zero.) 0.8 mL 36. A nurse is preparing to administer an enteral tube feeding through an NG tube at 250 mL over 4 hr. The nurse should set the pump to deliver how many mL/hr? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Usea leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.) 250/4 = 62.5} 63 mL/hr 37. A nurse is preparing to administer amoxicillin 250 mg liquid supspension PO every 8 hr to an older adult client. The amount available is amoxicillin 50 mg/mL. How many mL should the nurse administer per dose? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.) 5 mL 14 38. A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for clopidogrel. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects? Insomnia Hypotensi on Bleeding Constipati on 39. A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about contraindications to ceftriaxone. The nurse should includea severe allergy to which of the following medications as a contraindication to ceftriaxone? Gentamici n Clindamy cin Piperacilli n Sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim 40. A nurse is providing teaching to a newly licensed nurse about metoclopramide. The nurse should include inthe teaching that which of the following conditions is a contraindication to this medication? Hyperthyroidism Intestinal obstruction Glaucoma Low blood pressure 41. A nurse is assessing a client who has a new prescription for chlorpromazine to treat schizophrenia. The client has a mask-like facial expression and is experiencing involuntary movements and tremors. Which of thefollowing medications should the nurse anticipate administering? 15 Amantadi ne Bupropion Phenelzin e Hydroxyzi ne 42. A nurse is administering subcutaneous epinephrine for a client who is experiencing anaphylaxis. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects? Hypotensio n Hypertherm ia Hypoglyce mia Tachycardi a 43. A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a urinary tract infection and new prescriptions for phenazopyridine and ciprofloxacin. Which of the following statements by the client indicates the need forfurther teaching? "If the phenazopyridine upsets my stomach, I can take it with meals." "The phenazopyridine will relieve my discomfort, but the ciprofloxacin will get rid of the infection." 16 "I need to drink 2 liters of fluid per day while I am taking the ciprofloxacin.""I should notify my provider immediately if my urine turns an orange color." 44. A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has a prescription for zolpidem at bedtime to promote sleep. The nurse should plan to monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects? Ecchymosis Decreased urine output Increased blood pressure Dizziness 45. A nurse is reviewing laboratory values for a client who reports fatigue and cold intolerance. The client has an increased thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) level and a decreased total T3 and T4 level. The nurse should anticipate a prescription for which of the following medications? Methimazole Somatropin Levothyroxin e Propylthioura cil 46. A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for hydrochlorothiazide 50 mg PO daily to treat hypertension. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? "Take hydrochlorothiazide as needed for edema." "Check your weight once each week." "Take the hydrochlorothiazide on an empty stomach.""Take the hydrochlorothiazide in the morning." 17 47. A nurse is caring for a client who is at 28 weeks of gestation and is experiencing preterm labor. Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to administer? Oxytocin Nifedipine Dinoprosto ne Misoprosto l 48. A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has cirrhosis and a new prescription for lactulose. The nurseshould instruct the client that lactulose has which of the following therapeutic effects? Increases blood pressure Prevents esophageal bleeding Decreases heart rate Reduces ammonia levels 49. A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has a new prescription for amitriptyline to treat depression. Which of the following diagnostic tests should the nurse plan to perform prior to starting the client on this medication? 18 Hearing examination Glucose tolerance test Electrocardiogram Pulmonary function tests 50. A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has gout and a new prescription for allopurinol. The nurseshould instruct the client to discontinue taking the medication for which of the following adverse effects? Nausea Metallic tasteFever Drowsiness 51. A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving IV gentamicin three times daily. Which of the following findings indicates that the client is experiencing an adverse effect of this medication? Hypoglycemia Proteinuria Nasal congestion Visual disturbances 52. A nurse is providing teaching for a client who is withdrawing from alcohol and has a new prescription forpropranolol. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? A. Increases the risk for seizure activity B. Provides a form of aversion therapyC. Decreases cravings D. Can increase blood pressure 53. A charge nurse is planning a staff education session to discuss medications used during the 19 care of a clientexperiencing alcohol withdrawal . Which of the following medications should the charge nurse include the discus (Select all that apply.) A. Lorazepam B. Diazepam C. Disulfiram D. Naltrexone E. Acamprosate 54. A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for clonidine to assist with maintenance of abstinence from opioids. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for which of the following adverseeffects? A. Diarrhea B. Dry mouth C. Insomnia 20 D. Hypertension 55. A nurse is teaching a client who has tobacco use disorder about nicotine replacement therapy. Which ofthe following statements by the client indicates understanding of the teaching? A. "I should avoid eating right before I chew a piece of nicotine gum." B. "I will need to stop using the nicotine gum after 1 year." C. "I know that nicotine gum is a safe alternative to smoking if I become pregnant." D. "I must chew the nicotine gum quickly for about 15 minutes." 56. A nurse in an acute mental health facility is caring for a client who is experiencing withdrawal from opioid use and has a new prescription for clonidine. Which of the following actions should the nurse identify as the priority? A. Administer the clonidine on the prescribed schedule. B. Provide ice chips at the client's bedside. C. Educate the client on the effects of clonidine. D. Obtain baseline vital signs. 57. A nurse in the post-anesthesia recovery unit is caring for a client who received a nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent and has muscle weakness. The nurse should expect a prescription for which of the following medications? A. Neostigmine B. Naloxone C. Dantrolene D. Vecuronium 58. A nurse is providing information to a client who has early Parkinson's disease and a new prescription for pramipexole. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for which of the following adverse effects of thismedication? A. Hallucinations B. Increased salivation C. Diarrhea D. Discoloration of urine 21 59. A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for levodopa / carbidopa for Parkinson's disease.Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? A. Increase intake of protein-rich foods. B. Expect muscle twitching to occur. C. Take this medication with food. D. Anticipate relief of manifestations in 24 hr. 60. A nurse is preparing to administer a medication to a client who has absence seizures. The nurse shouldexpect to administer which of the following medications to the client? (Select all that apply.) 22 A. Phenytoin B. Ethosuximide C. Gabapentin D. Carbamazepine 61. A nurse is reviewing a new prescription for oxcarbazepine with a client who has partial seizures. Which ofthe following instructions should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.) A. "Use caution if given a prescription for a diuretic medication." B. "Consider using an alternate form of contraception if you are using oral contraceptives." C. "Chew gum to increase saliva production." D. "Avoid driving until you see how the medication affects you."E. "Notify your provider if you develop a skin rash."