FAMILY NUR NSG5003 wk8 DB
Overview of the Mechanisms of Kidney Function
Ms. Cornwall is admitted with pyelonephritis. She has chills, and her temperature is
101°F. She is complaining of flank pain, frequency, and dysuria. Her urine has
white blood cell casts and shows growth of Escherichia coli (E. coli).
Based on the above scenario, answer the following questions:
• Why does she have bacteria and white blood cell casts in her urine?
Include the pathophysiological response of body for your analysis.
McCance and Huether explain that pyelonephritis is an infection in the upper urinary
tracts, which is the ureter, renal pelvis, and kidney interstitium (2014). Even though they
are not always present in the urine, white blood cell casts indicate pyelonephritis. David
Dugdale explains that when white blood cell casts are present in the urine analysis test, it
means Ms. Cornwall has an acute kidney infection (2013). E. Coli is a type of an
infection, so this supports what Dugdale explained in his article.
• What are the differences when comparing prerenal acute renal injury,
intrarenal acute renal injury, and postrenal acute renal injury? Give
examples of each and pathological processes related to each disease
process.
Thanks for sharing your post Johnny. I would like to share the second part of the case
study to your post.
Prerenal acute renal injury: occurs when there is an unexpected reduction of the
blood flow to the kidney, which causes the loss of kidney function. In this stage the
kidney is perfectly fine, unharmed (Thompson & Vachharajani, 2014). In addition, AKI
is known to be one of the most common types of kidney injury. Thompson &
Vachharajani explain that the following are some causes of prerenal AKI: hypotension,
severe blood loss relating to sepsis, injury or abdominal surgery (2014). Ace inhibitors
and NSAIDS can also increase the risk of people having kidney problems. Dehydration,
Overview of the Mechanisms of Kidney Function
Ms. Cornwall is admitted with pyelonephritis. She has chills, and her temperature is
101°F. She is complaining of flank pain, frequency, and dysuria. Her urine has
white blood cell casts and shows growth of Escherichia coli (E. coli).
Based on the above scenario, answer the following questions:
• Why does she have bacteria and white blood cell casts in her urine?
Include the pathophysiological response of body for your analysis.
McCance and Huether explain that pyelonephritis is an infection in the upper urinary
tracts, which is the ureter, renal pelvis, and kidney interstitium (2014). Even though they
are not always present in the urine, white blood cell casts indicate pyelonephritis. David
Dugdale explains that when white blood cell casts are present in the urine analysis test, it
means Ms. Cornwall has an acute kidney infection (2013). E. Coli is a type of an
infection, so this supports what Dugdale explained in his article.
• What are the differences when comparing prerenal acute renal injury,
intrarenal acute renal injury, and postrenal acute renal injury? Give
examples of each and pathological processes related to each disease
process.
Thanks for sharing your post Johnny. I would like to share the second part of the case
study to your post.
Prerenal acute renal injury: occurs when there is an unexpected reduction of the
blood flow to the kidney, which causes the loss of kidney function. In this stage the
kidney is perfectly fine, unharmed (Thompson & Vachharajani, 2014). In addition, AKI
is known to be one of the most common types of kidney injury. Thompson &
Vachharajani explain that the following are some causes of prerenal AKI: hypotension,
severe blood loss relating to sepsis, injury or abdominal surgery (2014). Ace inhibitors
and NSAIDS can also increase the risk of people having kidney problems. Dehydration,
