WGU C785 Biochemistry Unit2

WGU C785 Biochemistry Unit2 1. Amino Group: Consists of hydrogen and nitrogen atoms (NH3+) 2. Carboxyl Group: Consists of carbons and oxygens (COO-) 3. R Group: The variable group within an Amino Acid 4. Amino Acid Backbone: Consists of the Amino Group (NH3+) the Carboxyl Group (COO-) and the Alpha Carbon that bonds to a Hydrogen 5. Monomer: A small chemical unit that makes up a polymer 6. Polymer: A long molecule consisting of many similar or identical monomers linked together. 7. Polypeptide: A polymer (chain) of many amino acids linked together by peptide bonds. 8. Peptide Bond: Bonds that connect amino acids. 9. Primary Protein Structure: Sequence of amino acids forming a protein or polypeptide chain, the most basic element of its structure. 10. Alpha Carbon: The central carbon atom of each amino acid 11. Secondary Protein Structure: Shape formed by hydrogen bonding of amino acid back bone- usually an alpha helix or beta sheet 12. Tertiary Protein Structure: The three-dimensional shape of a polypeptide due to interactions of the R groups of the amino acids by covalent bonds 13. Quaternary Protein Structure: Multiple polypeptide subunits held together by R group interactions 14. Beta Pleated Sheet: A secondary structure found in proteins in which "pleats" are f