MBA-I Semester Paper Code: MBAC 1005
Research Methodology
Objectives
ӹӹ To Enable The Students To Know About The Information Needs
Of Management
ӹӹ To Introduce The Concept Of Scientific Research And The
Methods Of Conducting Scientific Enquiry And
ӹӹ To Introduce The Statistical Tools Of Data Analysis
Unit-I
Research – Qualities of Researcher – Components of Research
Problem – Various Steps In Scientific Research – Types of Research –
Hypotheses Research Purposes - Research Design – Survey Research –
Case Study Research.
Unit-II
Data Collection – Sources of Data – Primary Data – Secondary Data
- Procedure Questionnaire – Sampling Methods – Merits and Demerits –
Experiments – Observation Method – Sampling Errors - Type-I Error &
Type-II Error.
Unit-III
Statistical Analysis – Introduction To Statistics – Probability
Theories – Conditional Probability, Poisson Distribution, Binomial
Distribution and Properties of Normal Distributions – Hypothesis Tests
– One Sample Test – Two Sample Tests / Chi-Square Test, Association of
Attributes - Standard Deviation – Co-Efficient of Variations .
Unit-IV
Statistical Applications – Correlation and Regression Analysis –
Analysis of Variance – Partial and Multiple Correlation – Factor Analysis
and Conjoint Analysis – Multifactor Evaluation – Two-Factor Evaluation
Approaches.
1
,Unit-V
Research Reports – Structure and Components of Research Report
– Types of Report, Characteristics of Good Research Report, Pictures and
Graphs, Introduction To SPSS.
[Note: Distribution of Questions between Problems and Theory of this
paper must be 40:60 i.e., Problem Questions: 40 % & Theory Questions:
60 %]
REFERENCES
ӹӹ Panneerselvam, R., RESEARCH METHODOLOGY, Prentice hall of
India, New Delhi, 2004.
ӹӹ Kothari CR, RESEARCH METHODOLOGY-METHODS AND
TECHNIQUES, New Wiley Eastern ltd., Delhi, 2009.
***
2
, UNIT – I
Introduction
Learning objectives:
After reading this lesson, you should be able to understand:
ӹӹ Meaning, Objectives And Types Of Research
ӹӹ Qualities Of Researcher
ӹӹ Significance Of Research
ӹӹ Research Process
ӹӹ Research Problem
ӹӹ Features, Importance, Characteristics, Concepts And Types Of
Research Design
ӹӹ Case Study Research
ӹӹ Hypothesis And Its Testing
ӹӹ Sample Survey And Sampling Methods
1.1 Meaning Of Research:
Research in simple terms refers to search for knowledge. It is a
scientific and systematic search for information on a particular topic or
issue. It is also known as the art of scientific investigation. Several social
scientists have defined research in different ways.
In the Encyclopedia of Social Sciences, D. Slesinger and M.
Stephension (1930) defined research as “the manipulation of things,
concepts or symbols for the purpose of generalizing to extend, correct
or verify knowledge, whether that knowledge aids in the construction of
theory or in the practice of an art”.
According to Redman and Mory (1923), research is a “systematized
effort to gain new knowledge”. It is an academic activity and therefore the
term should be used in a technical sense. According to Clifford Woody
(kothari, 1988), research comprises “defining and redefining problems,
formulating hypotheses or suggested solutions; collecting, organizing
3
, and evaluating data; making deductions and reaching conclusions; and
finally, carefully testing the conclusions to determine whether they fit the
formulated hypotheses”.
Thus, research is an original addition to the available knowledge,
which contributes to its further advancement. It is an attempt to pursue
truth through the methods of study, observation, comparison and
experiment. In sum, research is the search for knowledge, using objective
and systematic methods to find solution to a problem.
1.1.1 Objectives Of Research:
The objective of research is to find answers to the questions by
applying scientific procedures. In other words, the main aim of research
is to find out the truth which is hidden and has not yet been discovered.
Although every research study has its own specific objectives, the research
objectives may be broadly grouped as follows:
1. To gain familiarity with new insights into a phenomenon (i.e.,
formulative research studies);
2. To accurately portray the characteristics of a particular individual,
group, or a situation (i.e., descriptive research studies);
3. To analyse the frequency with which something occurs (i.e.,
diagnostic research studies); and
4. To examine the hypothesis of a causal relationship between two
variables (i.e., hypothesis-testing research studies).
1.1.2 Research Methods Versus Methodology:
Research methods include all those techniques/methods that are
adopted for conducting research. Thus, research techniques or methods
are the methods that the researchers adopt for conducting the research
studies.
on the other hand, research methodology is the way in which
research problems are solved systematically. It is a science of studying how
research is conducted scientifically. Under it, the researcher acquaints
himself/herself with the various steps generally adopted to study a
research problem, along with the underlying logic behind them. Hence, it
4
Research Methodology
Objectives
ӹӹ To Enable The Students To Know About The Information Needs
Of Management
ӹӹ To Introduce The Concept Of Scientific Research And The
Methods Of Conducting Scientific Enquiry And
ӹӹ To Introduce The Statistical Tools Of Data Analysis
Unit-I
Research – Qualities of Researcher – Components of Research
Problem – Various Steps In Scientific Research – Types of Research –
Hypotheses Research Purposes - Research Design – Survey Research –
Case Study Research.
Unit-II
Data Collection – Sources of Data – Primary Data – Secondary Data
- Procedure Questionnaire – Sampling Methods – Merits and Demerits –
Experiments – Observation Method – Sampling Errors - Type-I Error &
Type-II Error.
Unit-III
Statistical Analysis – Introduction To Statistics – Probability
Theories – Conditional Probability, Poisson Distribution, Binomial
Distribution and Properties of Normal Distributions – Hypothesis Tests
– One Sample Test – Two Sample Tests / Chi-Square Test, Association of
Attributes - Standard Deviation – Co-Efficient of Variations .
Unit-IV
Statistical Applications – Correlation and Regression Analysis –
Analysis of Variance – Partial and Multiple Correlation – Factor Analysis
and Conjoint Analysis – Multifactor Evaluation – Two-Factor Evaluation
Approaches.
1
,Unit-V
Research Reports – Structure and Components of Research Report
– Types of Report, Characteristics of Good Research Report, Pictures and
Graphs, Introduction To SPSS.
[Note: Distribution of Questions between Problems and Theory of this
paper must be 40:60 i.e., Problem Questions: 40 % & Theory Questions:
60 %]
REFERENCES
ӹӹ Panneerselvam, R., RESEARCH METHODOLOGY, Prentice hall of
India, New Delhi, 2004.
ӹӹ Kothari CR, RESEARCH METHODOLOGY-METHODS AND
TECHNIQUES, New Wiley Eastern ltd., Delhi, 2009.
***
2
, UNIT – I
Introduction
Learning objectives:
After reading this lesson, you should be able to understand:
ӹӹ Meaning, Objectives And Types Of Research
ӹӹ Qualities Of Researcher
ӹӹ Significance Of Research
ӹӹ Research Process
ӹӹ Research Problem
ӹӹ Features, Importance, Characteristics, Concepts And Types Of
Research Design
ӹӹ Case Study Research
ӹӹ Hypothesis And Its Testing
ӹӹ Sample Survey And Sampling Methods
1.1 Meaning Of Research:
Research in simple terms refers to search for knowledge. It is a
scientific and systematic search for information on a particular topic or
issue. It is also known as the art of scientific investigation. Several social
scientists have defined research in different ways.
In the Encyclopedia of Social Sciences, D. Slesinger and M.
Stephension (1930) defined research as “the manipulation of things,
concepts or symbols for the purpose of generalizing to extend, correct
or verify knowledge, whether that knowledge aids in the construction of
theory or in the practice of an art”.
According to Redman and Mory (1923), research is a “systematized
effort to gain new knowledge”. It is an academic activity and therefore the
term should be used in a technical sense. According to Clifford Woody
(kothari, 1988), research comprises “defining and redefining problems,
formulating hypotheses or suggested solutions; collecting, organizing
3
, and evaluating data; making deductions and reaching conclusions; and
finally, carefully testing the conclusions to determine whether they fit the
formulated hypotheses”.
Thus, research is an original addition to the available knowledge,
which contributes to its further advancement. It is an attempt to pursue
truth through the methods of study, observation, comparison and
experiment. In sum, research is the search for knowledge, using objective
and systematic methods to find solution to a problem.
1.1.1 Objectives Of Research:
The objective of research is to find answers to the questions by
applying scientific procedures. In other words, the main aim of research
is to find out the truth which is hidden and has not yet been discovered.
Although every research study has its own specific objectives, the research
objectives may be broadly grouped as follows:
1. To gain familiarity with new insights into a phenomenon (i.e.,
formulative research studies);
2. To accurately portray the characteristics of a particular individual,
group, or a situation (i.e., descriptive research studies);
3. To analyse the frequency with which something occurs (i.e.,
diagnostic research studies); and
4. To examine the hypothesis of a causal relationship between two
variables (i.e., hypothesis-testing research studies).
1.1.2 Research Methods Versus Methodology:
Research methods include all those techniques/methods that are
adopted for conducting research. Thus, research techniques or methods
are the methods that the researchers adopt for conducting the research
studies.
on the other hand, research methodology is the way in which
research problems are solved systematically. It is a science of studying how
research is conducted scientifically. Under it, the researcher acquaints
himself/herself with the various steps generally adopted to study a
research problem, along with the underlying logic behind them. Hence, it
4
