NCC EFM complete solution

NCC EFM complete solution 1. Causes of uteroplacental perfusion decrease:: • HTN • Pregnancy • DM • Hypotension • Excessive uterine contractions (hypertonus) • Decreased surface area, edema, degenerative calcifications, infarcts, infection 2. FHR reflects fetal oxygenation from which extrinsic factors:: • Maternal oxygenation • Uterine blood flow • Placental change • Umbilical blood flow 3. FHR reflects oxygenation from which intrinsic factors:: • Fetal circulation • Oxygenation of tissues • FHR regulation 4. Fetal shunts:: • Ductus venosus- liver • PFO- Right to left atria • Ductus arteriosis- pulmonary a. to aorta 5. Oxygen depletion cascade:: • Aerobic metabolism • Hypoxemia • Tissue hypoxia • Anaerobic metabolism • Lactic acid build up • Metabolic acidosis 6. Sympathetic innervation:: • Releases Eip/norepi • Increases FHR 7. Parasympathetic/Vagal innervation:: • Releases ach • Decreases FHR and transmits variability 8. Early decel:: • Fetal head compression • -vasovagal response 9. Variable decel:: • Cord compression • -increase BP/HTN • -activation of baroreceptor • -decrease FHR, BP, and CO 10. Late decel:: • Inadequate uteroplacental blood flow-decreased maternal fetal O2 transfer • -activation of chemoreceptors to respond due to increased PCO2, decreased PO2, and decreased pH • -Fetal bradycardia and hypertension 11. Category I:: • Normal fetal acid base status • All the following are required: • Moderate variability • Baseline rate 1