psychology-lecture-5-unit-3.pdf

lOMoARcPSD|18482020




Psychology Lecture 5 Unit 3


Intro to Psyo & Nesc I (Dalhousie University)




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Psychol
ogyLect
ure5Unit3
Mec
hanismsandChall
enges

Condi
t
ioni
ngModel sofLear ning
TheWhenofRei nforcement
- Cont i
nuousr einforcement
o Rei nforcementofabehavi oureveryti
mei toccurs
o Consequencesf oll
owev er
yresponse
o I ndi
vidualexpect stogetsomet hi
ngf r
om everysingl
er esponse
 I e:Gi vi
ngadogat r
eateveryti
mei tsi
ts
 I e:Vendi ngmachi ne:wheny ouputinmoneyy ougetasnack
 Oper ateunderaconti
nuesc heduleofreinfor
cement
o Al way sgetsomet hing
- Extinction
o Nor einforcement
o Respondi ngdecl ines
o Don’ tgetsomet hing

I
ntermitt
entRei nf
orcement
- Reinf
orcementdoesNOTf ollowev eryresponse
o Al socall
edPar ti
alReinforcement
- Elementofuncer t
ai nty
o Aboutwhet herornott henextres ponseisgoi
ngtogety ousomet hi
ng
o Subst anti
al effectonoper antbehaviour
- Int
ermit
tentrei
nforcementpr oducesas t
rongerbehavi
ouralresponsethan
conti
nuousr ei
nforcementdoes
o Why ?Memor yandExpect at
ion
 Insteadofcont i
nuousi tdoesn’tknowwheni twil
lgetfoodsoit
keepspr essi
ngasf astaspossi bl
einhopethatitwil
leventual
lyget
f
ood

I
ntermitt
entSchedul es
- Responsebased:Rat ioschedules:Reinforcementfol
l
owsapar t
icul
arnumberof
responses
- Timebas ed:I nt
er v
alschedules:Rei
nforcementfoll
owsapar t
i
culart
imeperiod
- Fixed:r
einforcementt hatoccur
safteraex actnumberofresponsesorexactti
me
i
nterval
- Variabl
e:reinforcementthatfol
l
owanav eragenumberofresponsesorti
me
i
nterval

Fi
xedRat
ioSchedule:Reinf
orcementf
oll
owsasetnumberofr
esponses
- Pat
ternbecomespredi
ctabl
e
- Responserat
eisnotst
eady




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