lOMoARcPSD|18482020
Psychology Lecture 2 Unit 3
Intro to Psyo & Nesc I (Dalhousie University)
Studocu is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university
Downloaded by Abdel Ghanem ()
, lOMoARcPSD|18482020
Psychol
ogyLect
ure2Uni
t3
Rememberi
ngandForget
ti
ng
Memor yasaPr ocess
2way sweremembert hingsbas edont heamountofeffor twehav etoputi ntoit
- Automatic
o Wedon’ tputal otofeffor tint omemor i
zingev ents
o Ie:Thi ngsi nourl ivesst ufft hathappent ous ,peopl ewel i
k e
o St uffaboutus( wefindour sel vesf ascinati
ng)
o Wear emor eli
kelyt or emembers t
uffaboutusev eni fwedon’ tt
ryand
memor i
ze
o Al lthesear epr ocessedaut omat ical
ly
o Toenhancememor ytot ryandmak ei tint
erestingt heny oucanus e
automat i
cpr ocessi ngt omak ei teasiert omemor i
ze
- Effor
tf
ul
o Requi resmor ewor k
o Lev elsofPr ocessing
Li k eli
hoodofr etrievingsomet hingisinfluencedbyhowdeepwe
processi nformat ion
Dept hofencodi ng
Gotpeopl et oans werquest i
onsofwor dsnev ertol
ditwasa
memor yt est
Shal low( Struct uralencodi ng):Aski sthiswor di nbold?
Phonemi c( Sound) :Doest hi
swor dr hymewi th__?
Semant i
c:Pr ocessi ngmeani ngofwor ds.Doest hi
swor dfit
intot hi
ssent ence ?
Ei thergav et hewor donceort wicei ncondi t
ions
o Wi t
hSemant icwor dgi v
ent wicet heydi ds i
gni
ficantl
y
better
-
EncodingSpecifici
ty
- Memor ys trongestwhencondi ti
onsatr ecall=mat cht hecondi t
ionsatencodi ng
o Ifcondi t
ionsar et hes ame,y ougetbet terrecall
o Tr ans f
er -
appr opr i
atepr ocessi ng
Bestmemor ywhent hepr ocessest haty ouuset oencode
informat i
oni ssi mi l
art ot hepr ocessesusedt oenc odei nf
ormat ion
Focusesonsi mi l
arityon
- Cont
extdependentmemory
o Memor yenhancedwhenencodi ngandret
ri
evalenvi
ronment
sar
ethe
same
o Scubadi vermemorystudy(GoddenandBaddeley1975)
Matchi
ngcondit
i
onscouldhelpyoutestbet
teri
e:wher
eyoust
udy
sameaswher ey ouwri
t
eat est
Downloaded by Abdel Ghanem ()
Psychology Lecture 2 Unit 3
Intro to Psyo & Nesc I (Dalhousie University)
Studocu is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university
Downloaded by Abdel Ghanem ()
, lOMoARcPSD|18482020
Psychol
ogyLect
ure2Uni
t3
Rememberi
ngandForget
ti
ng
Memor yasaPr ocess
2way sweremembert hingsbas edont heamountofeffor twehav etoputi ntoit
- Automatic
o Wedon’ tputal otofeffor tint omemor i
zingev ents
o Ie:Thi ngsi nourl ivesst ufft hathappent ous ,peopl ewel i
k e
o St uffaboutus( wefindour sel vesf ascinati
ng)
o Wear emor eli
kelyt or emembers t
uffaboutusev eni fwedon’ tt
ryand
memor i
ze
o Al lthesear epr ocessedaut omat ical
ly
o Toenhancememor ytot ryandmak ei tint
erestingt heny oucanus e
automat i
cpr ocessi ngt omak ei teasiert omemor i
ze
- Effor
tf
ul
o Requi resmor ewor k
o Lev elsofPr ocessing
Li k eli
hoodofr etrievingsomet hingisinfluencedbyhowdeepwe
processi nformat ion
Dept hofencodi ng
Gotpeopl et oans werquest i
onsofwor dsnev ertol
ditwasa
memor yt est
Shal low( Struct uralencodi ng):Aski sthiswor di nbold?
Phonemi c( Sound) :Doest hi
swor dr hymewi th__?
Semant i
c:Pr ocessi ngmeani ngofwor ds.Doest hi
swor dfit
intot hi
ssent ence ?
Ei thergav et hewor donceort wicei ncondi t
ions
o Wi t
hSemant icwor dgi v
ent wicet heydi ds i
gni
ficantl
y
better
-
EncodingSpecifici
ty
- Memor ys trongestwhencondi ti
onsatr ecall=mat cht hecondi t
ionsatencodi ng
o Ifcondi t
ionsar et hes ame,y ougetbet terrecall
o Tr ans f
er -
appr opr i
atepr ocessi ng
Bestmemor ywhent hepr ocessest haty ouuset oencode
informat i
oni ssi mi l
art ot hepr ocessesusedt oenc odei nf
ormat ion
Focusesonsi mi l
arityon
- Cont
extdependentmemory
o Memor yenhancedwhenencodi ngandret
ri
evalenvi
ronment
sar
ethe
same
o Scubadi vermemorystudy(GoddenandBaddeley1975)
Matchi
ngcondit
i
onscouldhelpyoutestbet
teri
e:wher
eyoust
udy
sameaswher ey ouwri
t
eat est
Downloaded by Abdel Ghanem ()
